CS 101 notes by Aneela FOR mid term

1. Computer hardware is the collection of physical parts of a computer system.

2. Computer software, also called software, is a set of instructions and its documentations.
3. Computer programming is the process of designing and building an executable computer
program for accomplishing a specific computing task.
4. A computer network is a set of computers connected for the purpose of sharing resources
5. A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer.
6. an algorithm A set of instructions designed to perform a specific task
7. Which of the following is NOT an application of Computer Science mentioned in the text?
Agriculture
8. According to the job market in Pakistan, which field has the most job opportunities?
Computer science
9. Which job was ranked as the Number 1 job in the US according to Forbes magazine?
Softwere developer
10. What concept helps hide complexities in system design, according to the topic of 'Data
Abstraction'?
data structure
11. Which of the following is NOT a topic covered under content filtering and international laws in
Computer Science? Word processing

Which software will be covered for presentations development in this course?

12. Microsoft power point

13. Which software is specialized for performing calculations and will be covered under
spreadsheets? Microsoft excel
14. Which search engine has the largest market share according to the text? Google
15. What feature allows users to search on Google by speaking instead of typing? Microphone
16. What should you type in Google if you want to flip a coin virtually? "Flip a Coin"
17. What is the primary purpose of a Database Management System (DBMS)?
To store and organize data
18. Which of the following is an example of word processing software? Microsoft word
19. What is the primary function of a spreadsheet application?
To perform calculations and data analysis
20. Which search engine holds the largest market share? Google
21. Which operator is used to search for items based on price in Google? Pkr
22. Which symbol is used in a Google query to represent any word in a wildcard search? *
23. What does the "OR" Boolean operator do in a search query?
Returns results with either one of the words
24. Which symbol is used to search specifically within a social media platform using Google @

25. How can you exclude a word from your Google search results? “-”
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26. Which of the following searches should be avoided to minimize unnecessary ads? Your email
27. The abacus, one of the earliest computing devices, had its roots in which ancient civilization?
Greece and Rome
28. Who was the inventor of the first gear-driven mechanical computer that could print results to
avoid transcription errors? Charles Babbage
29. Herman Hollerith developed the concept of using punch cards to speed up the tabulation of
data for which major event? The 1890 U.S. Census
30. Which of the following is NOT true about ENIAC? It was completed in 1944
31. How much electricity did ENIAC consume during its operation? 200 KW
32. Which machine, completed in 1944, made heavy use of electronically controlled mechanical
relays? Mark I
33. The advancement from vacuum tubes to which technology marked a significant step in the
miniaturization and speed of computers? Transistors
34. In which year did IBM launch the personal computer (PC)? 1981
35. What does one bit represent in a computer? 0 or 1 value
36. The term "bit" is short for: Binary Digit
37. Which of the following can be represented using bits? Numbers, text, Audio and Video
38. How many bits are there in 1 byte? 8
39. How many bytes are there in 1 kilobyte (KB)? 1024
40. How many megabytes (MB) are equivalent to 1 gigabyte (GB)? 1024
41. How many different patterns can be represented with 3 bits? 8
42. How many different patterns can 8 bits represent? 256
43. What is the binary representation of the decimal number 2? 00000010
44. In the ASCII code, the character "A" is represented by which decimal value? 65
45. Boolean operations are named after which mathematician? George Boole
46. The AND operation produces a 1 when: Both inputs are 1
47. The OR operation produces a 1 when: Either or both inputs are 1
48. The XOR (Exclusive OR) operation produces a 1 when: Both inputs are different
49. The NOT operation produces 1 when: The input is 0
50. In Boolean logic, what does the bit 0 typically represent? False
51. In Boolean logic, what does the bit 1 represent? True
52. What is the result of the AND operation when the inputs are 1 and 0? 0
53. What is the result of the OR operation when the inputs are 0 and 0? 0
54. In Boolean operations, what is the result of the AND operation when A = 1100 and B = 1010?
1000
55. In Boolean operations, what is the result of the OR operation when A = 1100 and B = 1010?
1110
56. In Boolean operations, what is the result of the XOR operation when A = 1100 and B = 1010?
0110
57. What is the hexadecimal representation of the binary string 111010000101? E85
58. What is the purpose of main memory in a computer? To store data
59. In main memory, bits are typically organized into units of: 8 bits
60. Each cell in a computer’s main memory is identified by a unique: Address

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 61. DRAM stores bits as: Electric charge
62. Which of the following applies additional techniques to DRAM? SDRAM
63. Which of the following is considered a mass storage (or secondary storage) system?
Magnetic disks
64. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of mass storage systems over main memory?
Higher speed
65. Which of the following devices are considered forms of mass storage? CDs and DVDs
66. Transfer rate The rate at which data can be transferred to or from the disk.
67. What is the capacity of each sector on a Compact Disk (CD)? 2KB
68. Data on a CD is stored in which of the following ways? In a single-track spiral
69. How many bits are used by Unicode to represent a wide variety of characters from different
languages? 21bits
70. How many values can be represented with 4 bits in binary? 16bits
71. How many values can be represented with 4 bits in binary? Two's complement
72. How is each pixel represented in black-and-white images? As one bit
73. How many bits are typically used to store shades of gray in an image? 8 bits
74. In RGB encoding, how many bytes are used to represent one pixel?
3 bytes (1 byte for each Red, Green, and Blue)
75. What happens when an image is scaled to a larger size? It requires more pixels
76. Which scalable font system is popular in Computer-Aided Design (CAD)? postscripts
77. What is sound amplitude experienced as? Loudnes

78. How many samples per second are typically recorded for high fidelity music on CDs?
44100 samplee
79. How much data can MIDI encode for 2 seconds of sound compared to traditional
encoding methods? 3 bytes

Binary addition

1111 1

+ 1111 +1

------- ---------

11110 10

PART 2

Human are better than computers at:

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 Efficiency
Accuracy
Pattern recognition
None of the given choices
Cray-1 was first commercial _________ computer
Super
Mini
Micro
Personal
URL is a/an ________
Device
Component
Address
Tool
Mainframe Computers are also called _____
Enterprise Servers
Personal Servers
Enterprise Managers
Window Servers
Which of the following is NOT a category of Mobile Computers?
laptop
Palmtop
desktop
Wearable
Preliminary exploration of possible solutions, technologies, suppliers is called
Viability
feasibility
Specification
Integration

__________ give us the ability to manipulate data through reference instead of actual value.
►Constants
►Variables
►Data Types
►Operator
Consider the following statement written in JavaScript:
str = ”Hello” + ” World”
What will be the value of str ?
►HelloWorld
►Hello World
►Hello + World
►It will result in error
A tool that helps you to find the synonyms is called ______________.
► Language

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► Paragraph
► Thesaurus
► Symbol
Communication protocol is a __________that governs the flow of information over a network
► Set of protocols
► Set of rules
► Device
► Set of methods
If a computer could pass the Turing test then it would be able to:
► think like human beings
► do the things faster
► win a million dollar prize
► store more information
The first Web browser with a GUI was generally available in:
► 1992
► 1993
► 1994
► 1995

Web is a unique invention by humans in terms that it is:

► accessible to only the owners who control it
► accessible from particular locations only
► accessible to all humans
► accessible to only the educational institutes
In this URL http://www.msn.com , _____identifies the domain name
► http
► www
► msn
► com
______ is simply a fast port that lets you connect computer peripherals and consumer electronics to
your computer without restart.
► Freeware
► Shareware
► Firewire
► Firmware
Which of the following is NOT supported by PC’s power supply.
► -12 and +12 V DC
► -10 and +10 V DC
► -5 and + 5 V DC
► All are supported
In which case Cache Memory is used
► To increase RAM speed
► To overcome BUS speed
► To overcome Speed rate between RAM and CPU

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► To overcome CPU speed
To display a single line text area on the web page, we use ___ tag
► TEXT
► TEXTBOX
► INPUT
► INPUTBOX

If an algorithm is syntactically correct, but semantically incorrect then this situation is

► Very good situation
► Very dangerous situation
► Not very bad
► Neutral situation
Users communicate with the computer using a consistent user interface provided by the OS.
► True
► False
Application developers do not need to know much about the HW, especially the microProcessor, while
they are developing their application.
► True
► False
The first spread sheet program was invented by
► Charles Babbage
► Dan Bricklin
► Paul Graham
► John von Neumann
Which representation technique of algorithm is more suitable for developer to make actual
code___________.
► pseudo code
► flow chart
► both pseudo code and flow chart
► Heurist
_____________ is used to terminate all JavaScript statements.
► Colon
► Semicolon
► Underscore
► Apostrophe
In java script cookies can be created for future use_____.
► Easily
► No facility at all
► This is not possible without Java language.
► Cookies are files so java script can not handle it.
When the microprocessor desires to look at a piece of data, it checks in the __________ first.
► RAM
► ROM
► hard disk

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► cache
It represents the _____________ flow chart element.
► Flow Line
► Connector
► Off-page connector
► Start or Stop
What is NOT a key factor while designing a website?
► Usability
► User-friendly
► Consistency
► Complexity
__________% of the users have left websites in frustration due to poor navigation.
► 40
► 62
► 83
► 91
In JavaScript, a variable declaration is
► Optional
► Mandatory
► Not allowed
► None of the given
A protocol used for receiving email messages is called ____________.
► URL
► Telnet
► POP3
► SMTP
Which is correct?
► OnUnload
► onUnLoad
► onUNLOAD
► All of the above
Serial arrangement in which things follow logical order or a recurrent pattern, such as statements
executing one by one, is called __________.
► Loop
► Sequence
► Condition
► Array
Variables allow us to manipulate data through the ___________.
► Actual Value
► Reference
► Length
► Name
Fuzzy logic is based on ____________.
► Ground facts

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► Experience
► Practice
► Approximation
Word Processor is a _________________
► System Software
► Application Software
► Device
► Utility
In the old days, databases did NOT support ____________.
► Number
► Boolean
► Video
► Text
In tabular storage, fields placed in a particular row are strongly ___________.
► Independent
► Dependent
► Interrelated
► Inconsistent
Due to working at home, lack of interaction may result in ___________ professional growth.
► Slower
► Faster
► Higher
► Improved
Distance learning has got a boost due to the ___________.
► Easy communication
► Online interactive contents
► Flexibility
► All of the given options
_____________ technique can be used to create smooth animations or to display one of several images
based on the requirement.
► Image downloading
► Image preloading
► Image uploading
► Image postloading
The ____________ is becoming the preferred organizational structure for more and more organizations
with the passage of time.
► Tree structured organizational model
► Network paradigm
► Hierarchical structure
► None of the given options
The group of technologies concerned with the capturing, processing and transmission of information in
the digital electronic form is called _____________.
► Telecom Engineering
► Computer Engineering

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► Computer Science
► Information Technology
A large number of networks interconnected physically are called ______
► LAN
► MAN
► Internet
► Network collection
TCP stands for ________.
► Transfer Center protocol
► Transmission Control Protocol
► Transmission Center Protocol
► Telephone Center Protocol
A collection of data organized in such a way that the computer can quickly search for a desired data item
is known as:
► Retrieving
► Database
► Information
► DBMS
_____is simply a fast port that lets you connect computer peripherals and consumer electronics to your
computer without restart.
► Freeware
► Shareware
► Firewire
► Firmware
Structures, in which another list starts before the first list is finished, are called:
► Multiple Lists
► Nested Lists
► Ordered Lists
► Un-ordered Lists
The key property of the ‘Array’ object in JavaScript is
► Value
► Length
► Name
► All of the given choices
Which one is the example of spreadsheet software?
► MS Word
► MS PowerPoint
► MS Excel
► MS Acces

The Encryption of data is related to

► Data updates
► Data security
► Data integrity

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► Data accessibility

_____ is the process of analyzing large databases to identify patterns.

► Data normalization
► Data management
► Data Mining
► None of the given option
Which is the user-friendly way of presenting data?
► Query
► Form
► Report
► All of the given options
JavaScript function fixed () has equivalent HTML tag-set ____
► <.FIX>……………</FIX>
► <F>………………..</F>
► <PRE>…………. </PRE>
► <H>………………..</H>

<Form> Tags always placed between the <BODY> and </BODY> tags of a Web page
► True
► False
Java script has —————– ability to create and draw graphics.
► Limited
► Versatile
► Medium
► Not at all
Cray-1 was first commercial _________ computer
► Super
► Mini
► Micro
► Personal
Browser is a __________________ used for browsing.
► Tool
► Component
► Device
► None of the given choices
It represents the _____________ flow chart element.
► Flow Line
► Connector
► Off-page connector
► Start or Stop
JavaScript is an example of _____________ language.
► Object-based
► Object-oriented

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► Machine
► Assembly
The set of rules and guidelines a team of developers follow to construct reasonably complex SW systems
is called
► Object Oriented Design
► Object Oriented Software
► Design Methodology
► Programming language
Waterfall is a _________ life-cycle model.
► Spiral
► Sequential
► Circular
► Spherical
What happens if I start a new list without closing the original one?
► An error will be generated
► A nested list will be created
► Previous list will end and a new will start.
► Nothing will happen
In Spreadsheets, you can create a relationship between two cells by using _____.
► Numbers
► Text
► Formulas
► None of the given choices
VisiCalc was the first popular _______application on PC’s.
► Spreadsheet
► Word processor
► Presentation
► Database
Fins are used to ————–
► Communicate with microprocessor
► Increase surface area of Fan
► Decrease surface area of Fan
► Speed up the Fan.
Using only HTML we can create
► Dynamic web pages
► Static web pages
► Both Static and Dynamic pages
► None of these
Everything that JavaScript manipulates is treated as:
► Object
► Window
► Text
► Script
The ______ is connected to all other modules of the microprocessor.

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► Control unit
► Memory unit
► Floating Point unit
► Arithmetic and Logic unit
Communication protocol is a __________that governs the flow of information over a network
► Set of protocols
► Set of rules
► Device
► Set of methods
_________ is the interface in computer that supports transmission of multiple bits at the same time.
► Serial Port
► Parallel Port
► Universal Serial Bus
► None of the given choices
_____ was designed as a replacement for typewriter
► Spreadsheet Software
► Word Processor Software
► Presentation Software
► Database Software
Which one of these translates the program once at a time ?
► Interpreter
► Compiler
► Operating system
► Translato
Randomized algorithms are often ________ than deterministic algorithms for the same problem.
► Simpler and more slow
Simpler and more efficient
►
► Complex and more efficient
► Complex and more slow
Ada written a computer programme for ?
► Analytical Engine
► Difference Engine
► Harvard Mark 1
► Mechanical engine
A test proposed to determine if a computer has the ability to think. It is called?
► Turing test
► Turning test
► Intelligence test
► None
The most used form tag is the <input> tag.
► True
► False
When the user clicks on the “Submit” button, the content of the form is sent to the server.
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► True
► False
Extension for saving web page is / are;
► *.html
► *.htm
► *.html and *.htm both are in use
► None of These
Question No: 81 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
In spread sheet a cell may contain
► Numbers
► Text
► Formulas
► All of the given
Programs where no user interaction found during program execution are called __________.
► Batch programs
► Event-driven programs
► Graphics based programs
► None of the give
OO software is all about _____________.
► Behaviors
► Methods
► Properties
► Objects
A procedure that usually, but not always, works or that gives nearly the right answer is called
► Algorithm
► Logarithm
► Heuristic
► Methodology
Which of the following is NOT an Application Software.
► Word Processor
► Web Browser
► Windows XP
► MS Excel
Operating System talks to and manages devices through
► Loader
► File Manager
► Memory Manager
► Device Driver
You can ________ from/to a website containing interactive forms.
► Only read
► Only write
► Read and write
► Not read and writen
When the user needs something to be done by the computer, he/she gives instructions in the form of

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_____ to computer ____
► Software, Hardware
► Hardware, Software
► System Software, Application Software
► Graph, Monitor
There is a battery on the motherboard to
► Give power to the processor
► Save information when computer is off
► Save information when computer is on
► Give power to the motherboard

______ is simply a fast port that lets you connect computer peripherals and consumer electronics to
your computer without restart.
► Freeware
► Shareware
► Firewire
► Firmware
Which one is correct?
► <BODY></BODY>
► <body></body>
► Both <BODY></BODY> and <body></body>
► <BODY/>
The weaknesses of the computer are:
► Pattern recognition & Storage
► Speed & Innovative ideas
► Pattern recognition & Innovative ideas
► Speed & Storage
The key strengths of computers are
► Speed
► Storage
► Do not get bored
► All of the given choice
Which one is correct?
► <HEAD> </HEAD>
► <HEAD> <END>
► <HEAD> </END>
► <HEAD> <\HEAD>
Everything that JavaScript manipulates is treated as:
► Object
► Window
► Text
► Script
A process in which user’s browser check the form’s data is called
► Server-Side Scripting

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► Client-Side Scripting
► Bowser Scripting
► Form Scripting
———— is volatile memory
► RAM
► ROM
► Hard Disk
► CD ROM
What is/are the use/uses of Word processor?
► To write a letter
► To write Research paper or report
► To create address labels
► All of the given
__________ is the example of Shrink-wrapped software
► PIA information system
► WinZip trial pack
► Linux
► MS Word
____________ interacts directly with the computer Hardware
► Compiler
► Operating system
► Application software
► Assembler

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