CHAPTER-5 LIFE PROCESSES

MUTIPLE CHOOSE QUESTION

NUTRITION
1.The chlorophyll in photosynthesis is used for
A. Absorbing light
B. Breaking down water molecule
C. No function
D. Reduction of CO2

2.Which of the following are energy foods?

A. Carbohydrates and fats
B. Proteins and mineral salts
C. Vitamins and minerals
D. Water and roughage

3.In which group of the organisms the food material is broken down
outside the body ?
A .Mushroom, green plants, amoeba
B .Yeast, mushroom, bread mould
C. Paramecium, amoeba, cuscuta
D. Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm
4.Carbohydrates in the plants are stored in the form of
A. Glycogen
B. Starch
C. Glucose
D. Maltose

5.Select the correct statement –

A. Heterotrophs make their food
B. Heterotrophs utilize solar energy to make food
C. Heterotrophs do not make their own food
D. Heterotrophs are capable of converting carbon dioxide and water into
carbohydrates

6.Roots of the plants absorb water from the soil through the process
of:
A. diffusion
B. transpiration
C. osmosis
D. None of these

7.The small pores present of the leaf’s surface are called

A. Stomata
B. Chlorophyll
C. Guard cells
D. None of these

8.The site of photosynthesis in the cells of a leaf is

A. cytoplasm
B. mitochondria
C. cytoplasm
D. chloroplast
9.Opening and closing of pores is a function performed by
A. Stomata
B. Chlorophyll
C. Guard cells
D. chloroplast

10. The mode of nutrition found in fungi is:

A. Parasitic nutrition
B. Holozoic nutrition
C. Autotrophic nutrition
D. Saprotrophic nutrition

11.In amoeba, food is digested in the:

A. food vacuole
B. mitochondria
C. pseudopodia
D. chloroplast

12. Which of the following is an autotroph?

A. Amoeba
B. Mushroom
C. Green plants
D. Human being

13. The basic raw materials for photosynthesis are:

A. Oxygen and Water
B. Carbon dioxide and Water
C. Glucose and Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide and Nitrogen

14. Which part of the plant is mainly responsible for photosynthesis?

A. Root
B. Stem
C. Leaf
D. Flower

15. The site of light reaction in chloroplast is:

A. Stroma
B. Outer membrane
C. Inner membrane
D. Grana

16. In which form is food stored in plants?

A. Glycogen
B. Cellulose
C. Starch
D. Glucose

17. Which enzyme is present in saliva?

A. Pepsin
B. Trypsin
C. Amylase
D. Lipase
18. Which of the following organisms carry out holozoic nutrition?
A. Cuscuta
B. Paramecium
C. Fungus
D. Algae

19. Which component of the food does bile help to digest?

A. Proteins
B. Fats
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins

20. Which of the following is NOT a product of photosynthesis?

A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Glucose
D. Water

21. The mode of nutrition in fungi is:

A. Autotrophic
B. Heterotrophic – Saprophytic
C. Heterotrophic – Parasitic
D. Autotrophic – Chemosynthetic

22. Which of the following organisms exhibits parasitic nutrition?

A. Pitcher plant
B. Cuscuta
C. Algae
D. Amoeba
23. The process of intake of food in Amoeba is known as:
A. Ingestion
B. Absorption
C. Assimilation
D. Egestion

24. Which digestive enzyme is secreted in the stomach?

A. Trypsin
B. Amylase
C. Pepsin
D. Lipase

25. Which part of the human digestive system is responsible for

maximum absorption of nutrients?
A. Large intestine
B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Mouth

26. Which structure in Amoeba helps in engulfing food particles?

A. Pseudopodia
B. Cilia
C. Flagella
D. Tentacles
27. Which of the following is a product of the light reaction of
photosynthesis?
A. Glucose
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Oxygen
D. Starch

28. What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

A. Absorbs nutrients
B. Digests fats
C. Kills bacteria and activates pepsin
D. Breaks down starch

29. What is the mode of nutrition in fungi?

A. Holozoic
B. Parasitic
C. Saprophytic
D. Autotrophic

30. Which part of the digestive system receives bile juice and
pancreatic juice?
A. Stomach
B. Large intestine
C .Duodenum
D. Mouth
31. Which one of the following is not required for photosynthesis?
A. Chlorophyll
B. Sunlight
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Oxygen

32. The process of breaking down food into simpler substances is

called:
A. Digestion
B. Absorption
C. Ingestion
D. Assimilation

33. Which part of the alimentary canal receives bile from the liver?
A. Stomach
B. Small intestine
C. Esophagus
D. Large intestine

34. The finger-like projections in the small intestine are called:

A. Cilia
B. Villi
C. Microvilli
D. Papillae

35. Which organ secretes insulin along with digestive enzymes?

A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Gall bladder
D. Kidney

36. The main site of fat digestion is:

A. Mouth
B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine

37. Which of these nutrients begins digestion in the mouth?

A. Proteins
B. Fats
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins

38.The green pigment in plants responsible for trapping sunlight is:

A. Xanthophyll
B. Chlorophyll
C. Carotene
D. Anthocyanin

39. What is the mode of nutrition in Euglena?

A. Heterotrophic only
B. Autotrophic only
C. Both autotrophic and heterotrophic
D. Saprophytic

40. In which form is energy stored in the human liver?

A. Glucose
B. Starch
C. Glycogen
D. Cellulose

41. Which gland produces bile?

A. Pancreas
B. Salivary gland
C. Liver
D. Small intestine

42. The enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach is:

A. Lipase
B. Amylase
C. Pepsin
D. Maltase

43. The process of utilizing absorbed food for energy and growth is
called:
A. Ingestion
B. Digestion
C. Assimilation
D. Egestion
43. Which part of the digestive system absorbs water from undigested
food?
A. Small intestine
B. Esophagus
C. Stomach
D. Large intestine

44. What is the name of the process by which Amoeba engulfs its food?
A. Osmosis
B. Pinocytosis
C. Phagocytosis
D. Endocytosis

45. Which component of food does salivary amylase act on?

A. Protein
B. Fats
C. Starch
D. Cellulose

46. A parasitic plant that lacks chlorophyll is:

A. Venus flytrap
B. Cuscuta
C. Algae
D. Fern
47. Which enzyme is released by the pancreas for protein digestion?
A. Pepsin
B. Trypsin
C. Amylase
D. Lipase

48. Which organism uses tentacles for capturing food?

A. Amoeba
B. Hydra
C. Paramecium
D. Euglena

50. Which of the following is not a digestive enzyme?

A. Pepsin
B. Amylase
C. Trypsin
D. Insulin

51. Nutrition in fungi is:

A. Autotrophic
B. Saprophytic
C. Parasitic
D. Holozoic

52. Which organ stores bile temporarily?

A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Gall bladder
D. Kidney

53. The process of elimination of undigested food is called:

A. Ingestion
B. Egestion
C. Excretion
D. Absorption

54. Which of these nutrients is digested last in the alimentary canal?

A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Fats
D. Vitamins

55. The major digestive organ in the human body is:

A. Mouth
B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine

56. Which of the following is a carnivorous plant?

A. Cuscuta
B. Mushroom
C. Venus flytrap
D. Lichen
57. Which of the following organisms uses cilia to sweep food into its
mouth?
A. Amoeba
B. Euglena
C. Paramecium
D. Hydra

58. Which of the following structures helps plants absorb carbon

dioxide from the air?
A. Stomata
B. Roots
C. Xylem
D. Phloem

59. Which part of the digestive system mixes food with digestive juices
and churns it?
A. Small intestine
B. Stomach
C. Mouth
D. Esophagus

60. What is the primary purpose of digestion?

A. To eliminate waste
B. To absorb oxygen
C. To convert food into soluble and simpler forms
D. To circulate blood
 RESPIRATION
1. Which of the following is a product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
a. oxygen
b. ethanol
c. water
d. carbon monoxide
2. What is the primary purpose of respiration in organisms?
a. release heat
b. produce energy
c. produce oxygen
d. store water
3. Which gas is used during aerobic respiration?
a. nitrogen
b. carbon dioxide
c. oxygen
d. hydrogen
4. The site of respiration in a cell is:
a. nucleus
b. mitochondria
c. ribosome
d. chloroplast
5. Which one of these is an anaerobic process?
a. glycolysis
b. Krebs cycle
c. electron transport chain
d. photosynthesis
6. Which organ in humans is most involved in respiration?
a. heart
b. lungs
c. liver
d. kidneys
7. During vigorous exercise, muscles get fatigued due to the
accumulation of:
a. lactic acid
b. ethanol
c. glucose
d. CO2
8. Respiration takes place in:
a. one step
b. multiple steps
c. no step
d. single enzyme reaction
9. Which of the following organisms does not require oxygen to
respire?
a. fish
b. human
c. yeast
d. dog
10. How many molecules of ATP are produced in aerobic respiration
from one glucose?
a. 2
b. 38
c. 4
d. 28
11. What is the end product of glycolysis?
a. pyruvic acid
b. acetyl CoA
c. lactic acid
d. glucose
12. Which part of the plant mainly carries out respiration?
a. roots
b. leaves
c. stem
d. all parts
13. Which of the following is not a type of respiration?
a. aerobic
b. anaerobic
c. photosynthetic
d. cellular
14. Where does aerobic respiration take place in a cell?
a. cytoplasm
b. mitochondria
c. nucleus
d. ribosome
15. Anaerobic respiration is commonly found in:
a. animals only
b. plants only
c. microbes and muscles
d. insects only
16. What is the function of ATP in cells?
a. to store water
b. to carry genetic code
c. to provide energy
d. to regulate body temperature
17. In humans, lactic acid is formed when:
a. there is enough oxygen
b. oxygen is in short supply
c. too much CO2 is present
d. glucose level is low
18. Breathing is a part of:
a. respiration
b. digestion
c. excretion
d. circulation
19. The air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place are called:
a. nephrons
b. alveoli
c. bronchi
d. atria
20. What transports oxygen from lungs to body cells?
a. white blood cells
b. red blood cells
c. plasma
d. platelets
21. Which structure prevents food from entering the windpipe?
a. larynx
b. epiglottis
c. pharynx
d. trachea
22. What is the role of hemoglobin in blood?
a. digest fat
b. transport oxygen
c. fight infections
d. coagulate blood
23. In which form is energy stored in cells?
a. ATP
b. DNA
c. RNA
d. NADPH
24. Which of these does not occur during aerobic respiration?
a. use of oxygen
b. production of CO2
c. formation of lactic acid
d. release of energy
25. What is the main difference between breathing and respiration?
a. breathing uses ATP
b. respiration involves gas exchange
c. breathing is a physical process
d. respiration is voluntary
26. The diaphragm helps in:
a. digestion
b. breathing
c. circulation
d. excretion
27. During inhalation, the diaphragm:
a. relaxes and moves up
b. contracts and moves down
c. remains fixed
d. shrinks in size
28. Cellular respiration in plants takes place in:
a. stomata
b. chloroplast
c. mitochondria
d. vacuole
29. Anaerobic respiration in yeast produces:
a. lactic acid and ATP
b. ethanol and CO2
c. water and ATP
d. oxygen and CO2
30. Which of the following provides quick energy during emergency
situations?
a. proteins
b. fats
c. glycogen
d. starch
31. In which organelle does the Krebs cycle take place?
a. cytoplasm
b. mitochondria
c. nucleus
d. ribosome
32. Which of the following occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic
respiration?
a. electron transport chain
b. Krebs cycle
c. glycolysis
d. oxidative phosphorylation
33. The opening and closing of stomata are regulated by:
a. guard cells
b. root hairs
c. xylem cells
d. phloem cells
34. Which organ is responsible for removing carbon dioxide from the
blood?
a. liver
b. lungs
c. kidney
d. heart
35. What happens to breathing rate during exercise?
a. decreases
b. increases
c. remains the same
d. stops
36. Which of the following is not involved in respiration in humans?
a. alveoli
b. trachea
c. bronchi
d. nephron
37. Which form of respiration yields more energy?
a. anaerobic
b. aerobic
c. fermentation
d. photosynthesis
38. Which process takes place in cytoplasm before entering
mitochondria?
a. Krebs cycle
b. glycolysis
c. oxidative phosphorylation
d. electron transport
39. The exchange of gases in humans occurs by:
a. active transport
b. osmosis
c. diffusion
d. endocytosis
40. In plants, oxygen released during photosynthesis is used for:
a. transpiration
b. growth only
c. respiration
d. protein synthesis
41. The site of photosynthesis in plants is:
a. mitochondria
b. chloroplast
c. nucleus
d. ribosome
42. Which of the following is not a product of respiration?
a. ATP
b. oxygen
c. carbon dioxide
d. water
43. Which part of the brain controls the rate of breathing?
a. cerebrum
b. medulla oblongata
c. cerebellum
d. spinal cord
44. Which of these organisms can perform both aerobic and anaerobic
respiration?
a. yeast
b. bacteria
c. human muscle cells
d. green plants
45. The process of cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen is
called:
a. glycolysis
b. aerobic respiration
c. fermentation
d. anaerobic respiration
46. The primary purpose of the Krebs cycle is to:
a. produce ATP
b. transfer electrons to the electron transport chain
c. break down glucose
d. convert oxygen to carbon dioxide
47. What is the main product of anaerobic respiration in animals?
a. ethanol
b. lactic acid
c. glucose
d. oxygen
48. The energy released during respiration is used to produce:
a. starch
b. proteins
c. ATP
d. glucose
49. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
a. break down glucose
b. act as the final electron acceptor
c. transport glucose to the mitochondria
d. release carbon dioxide
50. Which of the following is the first step in both aerobic and
anaerobic respiration?
a. electron transport chain
b. Krebs cycle
c. glycolysis
d. fermentation
51. Which of these processes releases the most energy per molecule of
glucose?
a. fermentation
b. glycolysis
c. aerobic respiration
d. anaerobic respiration
52. Which of the following occurs during the process of exhalation?
a. diaphragm moves up
b. ribs move outward
c. diaphragm moves down
d. lungs expand
53. The gas that is a byproduct of aerobic respiration is:
a. nitrogen
b. carbon dioxide
c. oxygen
d. hydrogen
54. Which organ system is responsible for carrying oxygen to cells?
a. digestive system
b. circulatory system
c. skeletal system
d. muscular system
55. What happens to oxygen in the body during respiration?
a. it is absorbed by the blood
b. it is used to make glucose
c. it is expelled as waste
d. it is converted to carbon dioxide
56. Which of the following are produced during both aerobic and
anaerobic respiration?
a. oxygen
b. ATP
c. water
d. glucose
57. The human respiratory system includes all the following except:
a. trachea
b. pancreas
c. bronchi
d. alveoli
58. What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?
a. water
 b. oxygen
c. glucose
d. carbon dioxide
59. During which stage of respiration is most ATP produced?
a. glycolysis
b. electron transport chain
c. Krebs cycle
d. fermentation
60. Which of the following structures is responsible for transporting
oxygen in the blood?
a. white blood cells
b. platelets
c. red blood cells
d. plasma

TRANSPORTATION IN HUMAN

1. The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called:
a. arteries
b. veins
c. capillaries
d. lymphatic vessels

2. The liquid component of blood is known as:

a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. plasma
d. platelets

3. Which blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport?

a. white blood cells
b. platelets
c. red blood cells
d. plasma

4. The blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart are called:
a. veins
b. arteries
c. capillaries
d. lymphatic vessels

5. The smallest blood vessels in the body, where exchange of gases and
nutrients occurs, are called:
a. veins
b. capillaries
c. arteries
d. lymphatic vessels

6. The main function of white blood cells is:

a. to transport oxygen
b. to form blood clots
c. to fight infections
d. to transport nutrients

7. The function of platelets in blood is to:

a. help in clotting
b. fight infections
c. transport oxygen
d. carry carbon dioxide
8. The process by which blood moves through blood vessels is called:
a. circulation
b. osmosis
c. diffusion
d. transpiration

9. Which of these is the largest artery in the human body?

a. femoral artery
b. aorta
c. jugular vein
d. pulmonary artery

10. Blood returning from the body enters which chamber of the heart?
a. left atrium
b. right atrium
c. left ventricle
d. right ventricle

11. Blood from the lungs returns to which part of the heart?
a. left atrium
b. right atrium
c. left ventricle
d. right ventricle

12. Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?

a. to produce red blood cells
b. to transport oxygen and nutrients
c. to digest food
d. to filter waste

13. The heart pumps blood into the arteries through which structure?
a. vena cava
b. aorta
c. pulmonary vein
d. left atrium
14. The right ventricle pumps blood into which artery?
a. aorta
b. femoral artery
c. pulmonary artery
d. coronary artery

15. Which of the following blood components is involved in immune

response?
a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. plasma
d. platelets

16. The human heart has how many chambers?

a. two
b. four
c. three
d. six

17. Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?

a. aorta
b. pulmonary artery
c. vena cava
d. jugular vein

18. The wall of the heart is made up of which type of muscle?

a. skeletal muscle
b. smooth muscle
c. cardiac muscle
d. fibrous muscle

19. The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart is called:

a. respiration
b. heartbeats
c. digestion
d. filtration

20. The blood vessels that are thin-walled and allow for the exchange of
gases, nutrients, and waste are:
a. arteries
b. capillaries
c. veins
d. lymphatic vessels

21. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body?
a. right atrium
b. left ventricle
c. right ventricle
d. left atrium

22. The blood pressure in arteries is highest during:

a. diastole
b. systole
c. resting phase
d. exhalation

23. The function of hemoglobin in red blood cells is to:

a. carry oxygen
b. fight infections
c. clot blood
d. remove carbon dioxide

24. The system of vessels that returns excess tissue fluid to the
bloodstream is called:
a. nervous system
b. lymphatic system
c. digestive system
d. circulatory system
25. The process by which the heart pumps blood throughout the body is
known as:
a. digestion
b. circulation
c. respiration
d. excretion

26. Which of these vessels has valves to prevent backflow of blood?

a. arteries
b. veins
c. capillaries
d. lymphatic vessels

27. What is the function of the vena cava?

a. to carry oxygenated blood to the heart
b. to carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
c. to carry oxygenated blood from the lungs
d. to distribute nutrients to the body

28. The electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat originate from:
a. brain
b. sinoatrial (SA) node
c. medulla oblongata
d. ventricles

29. Which of the following is responsible for the circulation of lymph?

a. veins
b. lymphatic system
c. aorta
d. capillaries

30. In the circulatory system, what is the main role of plasma?

a. to transport oxygen
b. to fight infection
c. to transport nutrients, waste, and hormones
d. to form blood clots

TRANSPORTATION IN PLANTS

31. The tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals in plants
is:
a. phloem
b. xylem
c. cambium
d. epidermis
32. The tissue responsible for transporting food in plants is:
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. cambium
d. epidermis
33. The process by which water moves from roots to leaves in plants is
called:
a. diffusion
b. osmosis
c. transpiration
d. active transport
34. The loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of plants is known as:
a. photosynthesis
b. transpiration
c. respiration
d. absorption
35. Which structure in plants allows for the exchange of gases?
a. stomata
b. roots
c. xylem
d. phloem
36. The movement of water from soil to root and upward to the plant
is mainly through:
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. stomata
d. cambium
37. The main role of phloem in plants is:
a. transporting water
b. supporting plant structure
c. transporting food
d. absorbing water
38. Which of the following is an active process in plant transport?
a. transpiration
b. osmosis
c. active transport
d. diffusion
39. Water is absorbed by the roots through:
a. evaporation
b. osmosis
c. active transport
d. transpiration
40. The upward movement of water in plants is due to:
a. capillarity
b. root pressure
c. both a and b
d. photosynthesis
41. Which of the following is the process by which plants absorb
carbon dioxide from the air?
a. transpiration
b. respiration
c. photosynthesis
d. absorption
42. The movement of substances in the phloem is known as:
a. translocation
b. transpiration
c. osmosis
d. absorption
43. The force that pulls water up through a plant is primarily caused by:
a. transpiration
b. root pressure
c. evaporation
d. active transport
44. Which of the following is a factor that affects transpiration?
a. temperature
b. humidity
c. wind
d. all of the above
45. The part of the plant responsible for transporting water is the:
a. root hairs
b. xylem
c. leaves
d. phloem
46. In plants, food made in leaves is transported to other parts
through:
a. phloem
b. xylem
c. cambium
d. epidermis
47. The vascular tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals
is:
a. phloem
b. xylem
c. cambium
d. epidermis
48. Which part of the plant prevents water loss through evaporation?
a. stomata
b. epidermis
c. cuticle
d. phloem
49. The upward movement of water and minerals in the xylem is
assisted by:
a. transpiration
b. capillary action
c. photosynthesis
d. respiration
50. The main role of the stomata is:
a. photosynthesis
b. gas exchange
c. water absorption
d. nutrient transport
51. Which of the following is NOT a type of vascular tissue in plants?
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. epidermis
d. cambium
52. The process of water moving through plants from the roots to the
leaves is called:
a. transpiration
b. photosynthesis
c. transpiration stream
d. osmosis
 53. In which part of the plant does most water absorption take place?
a. stems
b. roots
c. leaves
d. flowers
54. Which process allows for the exchange of gases between the plant
and the atmosphere?
a. photosynthesis
b. respiration
c. transpiration
d. osmosis

55.Why is transportation important in plants?

A. For movement from place to place
B. To distribute water and nutrients to all parts
C. To produce food
D. For reproduction

56.Which substances are mainly transported in the xylem?

A. Food and hormones
B. Oxygen and carbon dioxide
C. Water and minerals
D. Glucose and proteins

57.What is the role of phloem in plant transportation?

A. Absorbing sunlight
B. Transporting food from leaves to other parts
C. Carrying water from roots to leaves
D. Supporting the plant structure
58.Transportation in plants is essential for which of the following
processes?
A. Only photosynthesis
B. Only reproduction
C. Growth, photosynthesis, and survival
D. Only root development

59.Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting food?

A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Parenchyma
D. Collenchyma

60.Water is mainly absorbed by which part of the plant?

A. Root hairs
B. Stem
C. Leaves
D. Flowers

EXCRITION

1. What is the primary function of excretion in living organisms?

A. To produce energy
B. To remove waste products
C. To store nutrients
D. To absorb oxygen

2. Which organ is responsible for excretion in humans?

A. Lungs
 B. Kidneys
C. Heart
D. Stomach

3. Excretion in plants mainly involves the removal of:

A. Oxygen and carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogenous waste
C. Water and minerals
D. Glucose

4. Which of the following is an example of excretion?

A. Respiration
B. Urination
C. Digestion
D. Photosynthesis

5. Which type of waste is primarily excreted by the kidneys?

A. Nitrogenous waste
B. Oxygen
C. Glucose
D. Carbon dioxide

6. What is the functional unit of the kidney?

A. Glomerulus
B. Nephron
C. Ureter
D. Urethra
7. Which of the following is not an excretory organ in humans?
A. Skin
B. Kidneys
C. Lungs
D. Liver

8. In humans, excess nitrogenous waste is excreted as:

A. Uric acid
B. Urea

C. Ammonia
D. Creatinine

9. Where does filtration of blood occur in the kidney?

A. Renal artery
B. Glomerulus
C. Proximal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct

10.The main function of the loop of Henle is to:

A. Filter blood
B. Reabsorb water and salts
C. Secrete urea
D. Excrete excess glucose

11. Which of the following substances is primarily reabsorbed by

the kidneys?
 A. Water
B. Urea
C. Nitrogen
D. Glucose

12. What does the term 'glomerular filtration rate' refer to?
A. The rate of reabsorption of nutrients
B. The rate at which blood is filtered in the glomerulus
C. The volume of urine produced
D. The rate of secretion of hormones
13. Which structure in the nephron is responsible for the
reabsorption of most water?
A. Glomerulus
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct

14. Ammonia is converted into urea in which part of the body?

A. Liver
B. Kidneys
C. Lungs
D. Skin

15. What is the main purpose of tubular secretion in the

nephron?
A. To filter blood
B. To remove additional wastes from blood
C. To reabsorb glucose
D. To secrete hormones
16. In amphibians, excretion occurs mainly through:
A. Lungs
B. Skin
C. Kidneys
D. Gills

17. Which waste product is excreted by most terrestrial animals

in a solid form?
A. Urea
B. Uric acid
C. Ammonia
D. Carbon dioxide
18. In insects, excretion is carried out by:
A. Kidneys
B. Malpighian tubules
C. Nephridia
D. Gills

19. The excretion of ammonia in fish occurs mainly through:

A. Gills
B. Kidneys
C. Skin
D. Lungs
20. In mammals, the majority of nitrogenous waste is excreted
as:
A. Urea
B. Ammonia
C. Uric acid
D. Creatinine
 Excretion in Plants
21. Which part of the plant excretes excess oxygen as a waste
product?
A. Root
B. Leaf
C. Stem
D. Flower
22. Which of the following is an excretory product in plants?
A. Oxygen
B. Water
C. Glucose
D. Carbon dioxide

23. In plants, excretion mainly involves the removal of:

A. Water
B. Sugars
C. Oxygen and carbon dioxide
D. Nitrogen

24. The excretion of excess water in plants is referred to as:

A. Transpiration
B. Respiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Germination

25. Which process in plants removes waste products like toxins?

A. Secretion
 B. Transpiration
C. Absorption
D. Germination

26. A common disorder that affects the kidneys is:

A. Jaundice
B. Kidney stones
C. Asthma
D. Anemia
27. Which of the following conditions occurs when the kidneys
lose their ability to filter waste?
A. Jaundice
B. Renal failure
C. Diabetes
D. Stroke

28. Which of the following can lead to the accumulation of urea

in the blood?
A. High blood pressure
B. Kidney disease
C. High glucose levels
D. Increased sweating

29. The accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the blood is

called:
A. Glycosuria
B. Uremia
 C. Ketosis
D. Anemia

30. What is the condition called when the kidneys filter too
much urine, leading to excessive urination?
A. Polyuria
B. Oliguria
C. Anuria
D. Hematuria
31. Excretion is influenced by which of the following
environmental factors?
A. Temperature
B. Light intensity
C. Wind speed
D. Soil pH

32. What is the effect of dehydration on excretion?

A. Reduced urine production
B. Increased urine production
C. No effect
D. Increased perspiration

33. Which of the following affects the rate of transpiration in

plants?
A. Temperature
B. Humidity
C. Both A and B
D. Only light
34. How does temperature affect excretion in humans?
A. Higher temperatures increase urine output
B. Higher temperatures increase sweat production
C. Lower temperatures decrease sweat production
D. Temperature does not affect excretion

35. Excretion of carbon dioxide from the body occurs through:

A. Lungs
B. Skin
C. Kidneys
D. Intestines

36. Which animals excrete primarily uric acid to conserve water?

A. Fish
B. Birds and reptiles
C. Amphibians
D. Mammals

37. Which of the following is a characteristic of excretion in

amphibians?
A. Excrete mostly ammonia
B. Excrete mostly urea
C. Excrete mostly uric acid
D. Excrete only water

38. Which structure is involved in the excretion of waste in

earthworms?
 A. Nephridia
B. Malpighian tubules
C. Gills
D. Lungs

39. What is the main excretory waste product in birds and

reptiles?
A. Urea
B. Uric acid
C. Ammonia
D. Creatinine

40. Excretion in marine fish primarily involves:

A. Ammonia
B. Urea
C. Uric acid
D. Carbon dioxide

41. Which hormone helps regulate water balance in the body by

controlling kidney function?
A. Insulin
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Thyroid hormone
D. Growth hormone

42. Which structure controls the flow of urine from the bladder
to the outside of the body?
A. Urethra
 B. Ureter
C. Nephron
D. Renal pelvis

43. The process of reabsorption in the kidneys is primarily

controlled by:
A. Hormones
B. Active transport
C. Passive diffusion
D. Osmosis

44. What is the role of aldosterone in excretion?

A. It helps regulate sodium and water balance
B. It increases urine production
C. It promotes the secretion of urea
D. It decreases sodium reabsorption

45. Which part of the kidney is responsible for regulating blood

pressure by adjusting blood volume?
A. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
B. Glomerulus
C. Proximal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting duct

46. Which of the following is NOT an excretory waste product?

A. Urea
B. Glucose
 C. Carbon dioxide
D. Nitrogen

47. In humans, the largest volume of water excretion occurs

through:
A. Urine
B. Sweat
C. Feces
D. Breath
48. The term ‘dialysis’ refers to:
A. A method of artificial respiration
B. A process of filtering blood in cases of kidney failure
C. A process of water absorption
D. A process of glucose breakdown

49. Excretion of salts in the body is regulated by:

A. Kidneys
B. Sweat glands
C. Lungs
D. Liver

50. The removal of waste products through the skin is called:

A. Respiration
B. Perspiration
C. Exhalation
D. Secretion
51. What is the primary function of Malpighian tubules in
insects?
A. To remove nitrogenous wastes
B. To remove carbon dioxide
C. To regulate water balance
D. To store nutrients

52. In which of the following organisms do kidneys perform the

role of excretion?
A. Fish
B. Humans
C. Birds
D. All of the above

53. Which of the following substances is most likely to be found

in the urine of a healthy individual?
A. Urea
B. Glucose
C. Proteins
D. Blood cells

54. In which organ is the majority of glucose reabsorbed during

excretion in humans?
A. Liver
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Glomerulus
55. What is the main cause of kidney stones?
A. Low blood pressure
B. Excessive mineral buildup
C. Lack of water intake
D. Infection

56. Which of the following statements is true regarding urea?

A. It is excreted mainly by amphibians
B. It is a waste product of protein metabolism
C. It is more toxic than ammonia
D. It is excreted as a solid in mammals

57. Which of the following is an example of excretion in

amphibians?
A. Urea excretion through kidneys
B. Uric acid excretion through skin
C. Ammonia excretion through lungs
D. Uric acid excretion through blood

58. What is a common result of kidney failure?

A. Excessive thirst
B. Buildup of waste products in the blood
C. Decreased blood pressure
D. Increased glucose levels
59. Which organ eliminates carbon dioxide from the body?
A. Kidneys
B. Lungs
 C. Liver
D. Skin

60. Which substance is typically found in the urine of a diabetic

patient?
A. Glucose
B. Urea
C. Protein
D. Blood