Lesson 2 SQUARE ANDSgUARE ROOTS

Introduction How to Square a Number?

What is square of a number? To square a number, just multiply it by
We know that the area of the square itself... )
=side x side (where side is the length of the Example: What is 3squared?
square). Study the following table 3
Side of the Area of the square
square (in cm) (in sq cm) 2 3
1 |x1=1 =1'
3 Squared = 3 4 5 6
=3x3 =9
2 2x2=4 =22

3 3x3 =9 =32 7. 9
4 4 x 4 =16 = 4?

5x 5=25 =5 'Squared' is often written as a small 2 above

What do we notice about the numbers 4,9, the number like this:>
16, 25 and so on?
this means 'squared'
Here, we observe that 4 can be expressed as 2
x2=2;9 can be expressed as 3x3 =33 and 4 = 16) No
SO On.
This says 4.Squared equals 16
Al such.numbers can be expressed as the
product of the number with itself) (the small2 says the number appears twice
Such numbers 1,4,9, 16, 25... are known as
when multiplying)
square numbers.> In general, when a number is multiplied by
e itself we say that number is squared. t is
denoted by a number raised to the power 2.
e.g.,(4 is read as 4 raised to the power 2 or 4
squared.a
Perfect Squares
The perfect squares are the squares of the whole numbers:
2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 Etc.
Perfect
1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100 121 144
Squares: 169 196 225

Try to remember at least the first 10 of these.

Mathematics -8 19
 Solution
(24) = 24x 24 = 576
Example 3
Find the perfect square
a. 20 and 30 numbers
b. 40 and S0
Solution
a, 25 as 25=5 x5
b. 49 as 49 =7 x7
Properties of Square Numbers
Dadi's Tip The following table gives
numbers from 1 to 20
us the squar
-A number is called a perfect square if its
square root is a rational number. Table 1.I
Number Squares
Negative Numbers Number
Squars
You can alsosquare negative numbers 121
2 4
Example 12

What happens when you square -5? 3 13

169
4 16
Solution
196
(-5)x(-5) =25) 5 25

(because a negative times a negative gives a 6 36 16

256
positive))c 7 49 17 289
That is interesting! 8 64 18 324
When yousquare a negative number youget 9 81 19 361
apositive result. 10 100 20 400
Just the same as if you had squared a positive
number: From the table 1.1. we observe that digits
units place of allthese numbers are O, 1,4.
5 x 5 = 25) 6or 9 and not 2, 3, 7 or 8.
anSwer!
-5 x-5 = 25 Same Can we say that if anumber ends in 0, 1,4
6or 9, then it must be a square number?
Some solved examples: Think! yes.
Example 1 GProperty 1: Thus we say that ifanumber
Find the square of17 ends in 2, 3, 7or 8 then it is not aperjed
Solution square.)
(17= 17 x 17= 289 Study the following table and their squares
columns
and observe the ones place in both
Example 2 of numbers and their squares.
Find the value of24

M a t h e m a t i s

20
 Table 1.2
Number Squares Number Squares Number Squares
1 11 121 21 441

2 4 12 144 22 484

3 9 13 169 23 529
4 16 14 196 24 576
25 15 225 25 625
6 36 16 256 30 900
7 49 17 289 35 1225
64 18 324 40 1600
81 19 361 45 2025
10 100 20 400 50 2500

From Table 1.2, we observe the following properties.

Let us consider the square numbers Let us consider the square numbers
ending with digit 1. ending in 4.
Square Number
Square Number
1 1 4 2
81 9 64 8
121 11 144 12
361 19 324 18
441 21 484 22

Property 2: Thus we see that ifa number Property 4: Thus we see that ifa number
has Ior 9in the units place, then its square has 2 or 8 in the unit's place, then its square
ends in 1.) ends in 4)
Let us consider the square numbers Let us coDsider the square number
ending in 6. ending in 9.
Square Number Square Number
16 4 9 3
36 6 49 7
196 14 169 13
256 16 289 17
576 24 529 23

Property 3: Thus we see that if anumber Property 5: Thus we see that ifa number
has 4 or 6 in the units place, then its square has 3 or 7 in the units place, then its square
ends in 6. ends in 9.

Mathematics 8 21
 Property f: 4number which ends withvdd From the above tabBe, we

100
nber ef eros is nevt a perfect square.
-10
square numbers can have
number of zeros at the end
Concinde
3h00 Some interestíng patterns
49000 - 49 10) × 10 72 x 10' x 10 1. Addition of consecutive
Proper : Thr squares of even numbers
0re even mhers and ndd numhers are odd. |+3
(From the Tabie 1.2 can you find numbers 4
sotisfiving property ") |+3+5
|+3+5+7
=\6
|+3+5+7+ ... n consectie
odd numbers
2. Adding triangular numbers
Triangular numbers are those
whose dot number
patterns can be
triangles. arranged
Dodi's Secret
number will be a perfect square only if the
A
digit in its units place is 1, 4, 5, 6,9 and 0.
Thisdoes not mean that all the numbers with
unit digit as 1.4, 5, 6,9 and 0are perfect
3
O00 6

square.
Let us study the following table.
Table 1.3

Number Square
Number O00
10 10 = 100
of zeros
O000
20 20° = 400 2 O000 10
OO000
30 30 = 900 2
50 50² = If we combine two consecutive triangular
2,500 2
numbers, We get a square number as seen
100 100 = J0,000 4 below.
200 200 = 40,000 4 1 + 3 = 4 = 22
300 300 = 90,000 4 3 + 6 9 = 32
400 400 = 1,60,000 4
6 + 10 = 6 = 4'
I000 1000 = 10,00,000 6
10 + 15 = 25 = $
2000 2000 = 40,00,000 6

Mathematics -
22
 Property 6: Anumber which ends with odd Fromthe above table, we
number of eros is never aperfect square.
100 =10²
square numbers can have
ñumber of zeros at the end only co ndiudeha
3600 =36 x 100 =6 x 10 Some interesting patterns
49000 =49 x 100 x 10=7 x 10² x 10 1. Addition of consecutive od
Propery 7: The squares of even numbers 1
are even numbers and odd numbers are odd. 1+3
(From the Table 1.2 can you find numbers
1+3+5
satisfying property 7) = 9
1+3+5+7
1+3+5+7+...
=\6= &
n consecutiy
ndd numbers
2. Adding triangular numbers
Triangular numbers are
whose dot patterns can bethose numbers
triangles. arrangeda5
Dadi's Secret
Anumber willbe a perfect square only if the
digit in its units place is 1, 4,5, 6,9 and0.
This does not mean that all the numbers with
unit digit as 1,4, 5, 6,9 and 0 are perfect
8 O00 6

square,>
Let us study the following table.
Table 1.3

Number Square
Number O00
10 10² =
of zeros
O000
20 20 =
100
400
2
2
O000 10
O0000
30 30 = 900 2
50 50 =
If we combine two consecutive triangular
2,500 2

100 100² =
numbers, we get a square number as seen
10,000 4 below.
200 200² = 40,000 4 1 + 3 = 4 =22
300 300 = 90,000 4
3 + 6 = 9 = 32
400 400 = 1,60,000 4
6+ 10 =16 = 4
1000 1000 = 10,00,000 6
10 + 15 = 25 = 5
2000 2000 = 40,00,000 6

22 Mathematics
(3. The numbers between any two So, in general we say, (x + 1) x (x- 1) =
COnsecutive square numbers is twice the
square root of the first number.
Tofind thesquare of a Rational
Between 1? and 22 i.e., between 1 and 4 Number 4
the numbers are 2 and 3.Thus, there are hb? = square of numerator/square
2x 1numbers. of the denominator
Between 2 and 3² i.e., between 4 and 9 Example
the numbers are 5,6.7 and 8. Thus, there
are 2 x 2 numbers. Find the value of a. (-7 and b.
Between 3 and 4 i.e.. between 9 and 16 Solution
the numbers are 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and a. (-7 =(7) x(-7) =49
15. Thus, there are 2x3numbers. b. ( -() x()= 49 4

Thus, if n be any positive integer, then EXERCISE 2.1

the nùmber of numbers between n and
(n+ 1 is 2r1. 1. Find the perfect square numbers between
4. Sum of consecutive natural numbers a. 30 and 40 b. 60and 70
Consider the following c.{10 and 20 d. 80 and 90
Second Number
2. Which of the following numbers are
32 = 9 = (3* + 1) perfect squares?
45 2
52= 25 = 12+ 13) a. 103 b. 2025 c. 1069
d. 1331 e. 1157
3. Which of the following numbers have 1
First Number at the units place?
(3-1)
2 a. 1292 . 1412
d. 1432 e. 2192

Thus, we can express the square of any odd 4. Which of the following numbers have 6
number as the sum of two consecutive at the units place?
positive integers. a. 1462 b. 26² c. 532
5. Product of two consecutive even or odd
d. 1532 e. 5162
natural nymbers 5. What will be one's digit in the square of
11 x13 = 143 = 12 -1
the following numbers?
Also, 11 >x 13 =(12-1)x (12 + 1) a. 98 b.35 c. 89
Hence, 11 x 13 =(12-1) x (12+ 1) d. 43 e. 74
= 12? 1
The square of which of the following
Similarly, 13 x 15 =(14-l) x(14 +1) number would be an odd/even number?
= 14- 1
a. 245 b. 1346 C. 2190
17 x 19=(13-1) x(1+ 1) =1 -1
d. 1413 e. 122
54 x 56 = (55 -1) x (55 + 1) = 55-1
Mathematics 8 23
 What will be the number of zeros in the (2 m), (m' - ) and (m
square of following numbers?
a. forty b. three thousand
Pythagorean triplet as )iorn a
(2 m) +(m' - 1 =
c. two hundred solving LHS and RHS)
e. one hundred twenty
d. four thousand
Let us take m=6 (Merfy
How many natural numbers lie between 2 m= 12
the square of the following pairs?
a. 9 and 10 m-1=36 - 1=35
b. 12 and 13 c. 5 and 6
d. 6 and7 m²+|=36+ 1 =37
e. 10 and 11
9. Express the following as sum Thus 12,35 and 37 form a
consecutive integers.
a. 112 b. 15
of two triplet.
122 + 35=144 + 1225 =1
Pythagrean
16. State the number of numbers
c. 92 d. 172
Finding the square of the 1369=37
between
square of following numbers. Squares of small numbers number
a. 4 andS b. 15 and 16 are easy to find. But to findike 2,3,4,
bigger number say 29 is 1not the square of
Pythagorean Triplets may need to multiply 29 by 29,so easy and
When the sum of the squares of two We know that 29 = 20 + 9
numbers
1Sequal to the square of another number,
say that these three numbers form we Therefore, 29 =(20 +9)= 20 (20 +9)4
a 9(20+9)
Pythagorean Triplet.) 20 +20 x9
For example, 916= 25 9
+9x 20
3?+4=52 = 400 + 180 + 180
+81
The collection of numbers 3,4 and 5 =841
is
known as Pythagorean Triplets. Example
Atriangle which is formed by 3 Find the square of the following
and 5 units as its sides form a units, 4units without multiplication. number
right-angled
triangle. Pythagoras had discovered that the a. 52 b.67
sum of the squares of sides of any right
angled triangle is equal to the square of the Solution
hypotenuse. a. 522 = (50 + 2) = 50 (50 +2)
In this triangle 32 + 42 = 52 +2 (50+2)
=50+ 50 x 2 + 2 x 50 +2
Some other examples of Pythagorean triplets =2500 + 100 + 100+ 4
are 6, 8, 10; 5, 12, 13;9, 12, 15 and so on.
=2704
We can find more Pythagorean Triplets by b. 67² = (60 + 7) =60(60 +7) +
using the following general formula.
7(60 +7)
For any positive integer in >1 =60 + 60 x 7 +7x 60 +7
=3600 + 420 + 420 +49
= 4489
24 Mathematics
Square Roots Here are some more squarés and square roots:

Asquare root goes the other way: Square

Square
Square Root
3 95 4 16
25
6 36
Square Root
From the above table we know that 6x6=
3squared is 9, so asquare root of9 is 3. 36
square root of a number is a value that can
A 36 is the square of 6 and then, 6 is known as
be multiplied by itself to give the original the square root of 36.
number.
For instance, if you square 2, you get 4, and if
A
square root of 9 is 3, because when 3 is you 'take the square root of 4, youget 2; if
multiplied by itself youget 9. you square 3, you get9, and if you take the
It is like asking: square root of 9, you get 3:
What can I multiply by itself oget this? 22 =4, so /4 =2
32 =9, so /9 =3
Square root is denoted by the symbol /
The/'symbol is called the 'radical
symbol. (Technically, just the 'check mark'
part of the symbol is the radical; the line
across the top is called the vinculum)The
expression /9° is read as root nine','radical
nine or the square root of nine'.

Dadi's Secret
To help you remember
think of the root of a
tree:
Iknow the tree, but
what is the root that
produced it?"
In this case the tree is Dadi's Tip
9,and the root is 3'. The square root of a number is that number
which when multiplied by itself gives us the
given number. In general, if x is the square
root of ythen x = y implies x=y

Mathematics -8 25
 Finding square root through repeated Example I
subtraction Find the square
We know that the sum of fist nodd natural factorization, roou
nümbers is (ic, I +35+ .... nterms)tS Solution
7. Thus, cvery odd number can bc Cxpressed 2 144
aS a sumof successive odd natural numbers
2 .72
starting from 1.
2 36
Consider 36.Then,
18
a. 36 -1=35 b. 35-3=32
c. 32-5 =27 d. 27-7 =20 3 3
e. 20 -9 = 11
f. 1|-11 =0
From 36, we have subtracted successive /144 =/2x2x 2x2x3x3
odd
numbers starting from 1and obtained 0at the -2 x2x3
sixth step. =4x 3
Therefore, /36 =6 =12

Finding square root through prime Therefore, 144 =12

factorization Example 2
The stepS used in finding the square root Find the square root
of a of 441
number byprime factorization method are factorization. by
shown in the following flowchart. grime,
Solution
Express the given number as a product 3 441
of prime factors. 3 147
7 49
7
Make pair of similar factors.
1
V441 =/3x3x7x7
=3x7
Find the product of all such primes so =21
taken.
Example 3
Is 4050a perfect square? Find the sz.
This gives the square root of the given number. number by which it should be multiFl
tomake it a perfect square. Also, findi
Some Solved Examples Square root.
Solution
First,we find the prime factors of 4)
prime factorization method.

26 Mathemat
 4050 V225 =V5 x 5 x 3x3
5 2025 = 5x3 = 15
5 405 Example5
3 81 Find the smallest square number which is
3 27 divisible by each of the numbers 4,9 and 10.
3 Solution
3 3
The least number divisible by each of the
numbers 4,9 and 10 is their LCM.
Thus, 4050 =2 x 5 x 5 x 3 x3 x3 x 3 =2 The LCM of 4, 9 and 10 is 180
x 5' x 32 x 3²
The prime factors of 180 are
Now, to make 4050a perfect square, it 2 x 2 x3 x3 x 5.
should be multiplied by 2, Now, to make 180 aperfect square, it
So that the pairing can be complete. should be multiplied by 5, so that the
Thus the new number is 4050 x 2 = 8100 pairing can be complete.
Now, the square root of 8 100 is given by Thenew number is 180 x 5 = 900 which is
N8100 =V2 x 2 x 5x5 x 3x3 x3 x 3 the smallest square number divisible by 4,
V2 x5x 3x3 =90 9 and 10.

Example 4 EXERCISE 2.2

Is 2925 a perfect square? Find the smallest 1. Find the square root of thefollowing
number by which it should be divided to numbers by prime factorization.
make it a perfect square. Also,find the a. 1296 b. 1521
Square root. c. 1225 d. 576
olution e. 625 f. 324 g. 1369 h. 1156
First, we find the prime factors of 2925 by i. 2601 j. 676
prime factorization method 2. Is 9408 a perfect square? Find the
5 2925
\26 smallest number by which it should be
585 divided to make ita perfect square. Also,
3 117 find the square root.
3 39 3. Is 2352 a perfect square? Find the
13 13 smallest number by which it should be
multiplied to make it a perfect square.
Thus, 2925 = 5 x 5 x 3 x3 x 13 Also, find thesquare root.
=5x 32 x 13 4. Find square root of a. 81 b. 100 by
Now, to make 2925 a perfect square, it repeated subtraction.
should be divided by 13, So that the pairing 5. For each of the
can be complete following number, find
the smallest number by which it should
Thus the new number is 2925 + 13 =225 be divided to make it a perfect square.
Now, the square root of 225 is given by 225 Also, find the square root.
a. 1458 b. 1008

athematics8 27
6. Forcach of' thc following number, find perfect squarc is of i
square root will have n-digts
the smallest by which it should be (n+ 1)if nis odd
multiplied to make it a perfect square.
Also, find the square root. The steps used in
igtsif
long
a. 396 b. 2645 follows:
ivision
7. Find the smallest square number which is
Step 1 The digits of the
nlace. Place a bar numbR:
divisible by cach of thenumbers 6,9 and paired off, ,starting
15.
of digits. If the OVer m
Long Division Method for Finding the it are odd,
then numbr
the
Square Root. digit too will have ab
is called a period,
When the numbefs are large, prime
factorization method of finding the square Step 2 Find a digit
whose
than or equal to the Square i
root becomes verylong and time consuming. leet mos
For this we need to know the number of
which is the first dividend
this number as the
digits in the square root. the quotient. divisor
Look at the following table.
Step 3 Subtract the product of the
Number Square and thequotient from the fi
10 100 Smallest 3-digit perfect period. Bring down the ner
square. to the right of the remainde
Greatest 3-digit perfect the new dividend,
31 961
square. Step 4 Double the divisor and enter
32 1024 Smallest 4-digit perfect a blank digit.
square.
Greate_t 4-digit perfect
Step 5 Guess a largest possible dig
99 9801 the blank which will also be
Square.
the new digit in the quotient
From the above table we observe that the such that when the new divi
number of digits in the square root of a multiplied to the new quotie
3-digit or 4-digit number is 2. product is less than or equal
dividend.

Example 1
5476 using l
Find the square root of
division method.
every pair
Step 1 Place a bar over
Starting from
the one's digil
(54 76) wha
number

Step 2 Find the largest or equal

Square is
less than
leftmost
period 54, i.c,
the as the divis0
Dadi's Secret taken
Here 7 is number
The
the quotient.
Mathema

28
 the left-most bar is taken as the Example3
dividend. Find the least number that must be
Step 3 Subtract the product (7 x7= 49) subtracted from 7581 so as to get a perfect
from 54. Bring down the number square. Also, find the square root of the
under the next bar (i.e., 76) to the perfect square.
right of the remainder. The new Solution
dividend is 576. 87
Step 4 Double the divisor and enter it with 7581
a blank on its right. -64
Step 5 Now think of a digit to be placed 167 1181
on the right of 14,such that the -1169
digit multiplied by the divisor will 12
give 576. Since 4 x 144 = 576; the
Square root is 74.
Let us try to find /7581 by long division
74 method. We get the remainder 12. It shows
7 that 872 is less than 7581 by 12.
54 76
This means that if we subtract the
49
144
remainder from the number, we get a
576
perfect square.
-576
Therefore, the required perfect square is
7581-12 =7569.
Example 2 /7569 = 87
Find the square root of 7744 using the long Example 4
division method. Find the least number that must be added to
Solution 1300 so as to get a perfect square. Also find
the square root of the perfect square.
88
77 44 Solution
-64 36
168 1344 3 1300
-1344 -9
66 400
-396
Step 1 8x 8=64 < 77
4
Step 2 77-64 =13
Btep 3 Double of 8 is 16 and We find 1300 by long division method.
bring down The remainder is 4.
the next period i.e., 44.
This shows that 36< 1300
Step 4 Since 168 x 8 = 1344, 8
is the next Next perfect square is 372 = 1369
digit of the quotient.
Hence, the number to be added is
Therefore, /7744 =88 37- 1300 = 69

Jathematics 8 29
 Therefore, the requircd perfect
9900 198 9801 and. 9%01
Find the Iangest 4-digit nmber which is a
r r tsqare The long division method can
Stwtion to find the square root of the also he i
arenot perfect squares. numher w
See the example below to learn it
0000
Example
IS99
Find /6.45 to one decimal place
-701 First group the numbers under the
198 pairs from right to left, leaving eitherroot
ortwo digits on the left (6 in this
The biggest 4-digit number is 9999, By For each pair of numbers youwill case get
long division method find,9999. The digit in the square root.
remainder is 198. To start. find a number whose square
This shows that 99 is less than 9999 by less than or equal to the first pair or fir
198. number., and write it above the square
line (2).
We subtract the remainder from the number 2
to get a pertect square. /6.45
/6.45

2 2
.6.45 V6.45
/6.45
-4 -4 -4
245 (45) 2 45
(4 ) 245
Square the 2, giving 4, write Then double the number Next think what single di
that underncath the 6, and above the square root symbol number something could
subtract. Bring down the |line(highlighted), and write go on the empty line so
next pair of digits. it down in parenthesis with that forty-something timo
an empty line next to it as something would be less
shown. or equal to 245.
45 x 5 = 225
|46 x 6 = 276, so S works.
25 25 25.3
/645.00 V6.45.00
4 /6.45.00
4
-4
(45) 245 (45) 245
(45) 245
225 -225
20 () 225
(50 20) 00 (S03) 20 00

30 Mathematio
 Write 5 on top of line. Then double the number Think what single digit
Calculate 5 x45, write that above the line (25), and write number something could go
below 245, subtract, bring the doubled number (50) in on the empty line so that five
down the next pair of digits parenthesis with an empty hundred something times
(in this case the decimal line next to it as indicated: something would be less than
digits 00). or equal to 2000.
503 x 3= 1509
504 x 4 = 2016, so 3 works.
25.3 25. 3 25.39
06.45.00.00 06.45.00.00
06.45.00.00
-4 -4
(45) 245 -4
(45) 2 45 (45) 245
-225 -2 25
(503) 20 00 -2 25
(503) 20 00 (503) 20 00
15 09 15 09
4 91 00 15 09
506
)4 91 00 (506 )4 91 00
Calculate3 x 503, write that Then double the 'number 5068 x8= 40544
below 2000, subtract, bring|253 which is above the line 5069 x9 =45621, which is
down the next digits. (ignoring the decimal point), less than 49100, so 9
and write the doubled number works.
S06 in parenthesis with
an empty line next to it as
indicated:
Thus to one decimal place, /645 = 25.4

Square Roots of Decimals

The steps used in finding the square root of
decimal numbers (perfect squares) are as
Follows:
tep 1 Group the digits in pairs from right
to left in the integral part and from
left to right in the decimal part.
tep 2 The long division method is done
as before,
tep 3 Introduce the decimal when the
integral part is over and the first Dadi's Tip
group of decimals is brought down.

lathematics -8 31
 The whole-number part of the decimal 3. Find square root of the
number is grouped in pairs from right to
left.
numbers.
a. 3.24 b. 6.0516
Sol owing
The decimal part is grouped from left to d. 2.56 e. 42.25
right. g. 51.84 h. 30.25 .79)
While grouping the decimal part in some 4. Findthe length of the side of
Cases we may not get pairs of numbers to
make a group. In such cases we add a zero
whose area is 1024 sqm. the so
to make a pair of digits. 5. Find the least number
subtracted from each of which must
Example the
numbers to get a perfect fol owir
Find the square root of 13.69
a, 402 b. 3250
.Square.
3.7
C.7
13.69 6. The sides of a rectangle are
18 cm. Find its diagonal. 80 cm a
67 469 7. Find the largest 3-digit
469
number whi
a perfect square.
0 8. Find the number of digits in the sn
roots of the following numbers.
Step 1 3x3=9<13
a. 64 b. 225
Step 2 13-9=4 C. 8.
d. 17161 e. 50625
Step 3 Double of 3 is 6 and bring down
69. 9. The side of the square field is 73m.
is the area of the field?
Step 4 Since 67 x 7=469, 7 is the next
digit of the quotient. 10. Aright-angled triangle has sides 12
and 5m. What is the length of the
Therefore, /13.69 =3.7
hypotenuse of the triangle?
EXERCISE 2.3
1. Find the squareroot of thefollowing
numbers by long division method.
a. 6889 b. 11881 C. 6241
d. 33856 e. 12321 f. 6400
g. 49729 h. 10404 i. 65536
j. 24649
2. What least number must be added to
7344 and 6203 to make it a perfect
square? Dadi's Hot Cookies
I. Write five numbets which are not p
Squares by looking at their ones dig

32 Mathematic
 2. Consider the following pattern and fill in Work it Out
the blanks
252 = 625 = (2 x 3) hundreds + 25
352 = 1225 -(3 x 4) hundreds + 25
452 = 2025 =(4 x 5)hundreds + 25
552 =
652=

752 =
852 =

952 =

1052 =
115=

1252 =
a?

3. By repeated subtraction of odd numbers

starting from 1, find whether or not the
following numbers are perfect squares?
a. 49 b. 81 c. 121
d. 55 e. 90

Mathematics -8 33