GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 1

MEANING OF DEVELOPMENT, INCLUDING ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS.

Study the source below about the meaning of development and answer the following
questions.

https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-08-11-township-economies-must-be-a-
key-focus-for-development-and-accurate-data-is-crucial/

1. Define development as a concept. 1x2 =2

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

2. What are the THREE important qualities of development? 3x2 =6

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
3. Look at the photograph of area A and area B above.
Compare the two areas using the following topics: 4x2 = 8
Housing:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Living conditions:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

4. Supply a heading to indicate the three aspects of development. 3x1 = 3

A. ____________________ B. ____________________ C. ___________________

5. Write a paragraph of about 6 to 8 lines and suggest what the government can do to
improve the lives of people living in area A. Your paragraph should include the topic
sentence, supporting sentences and concluding sentence. (8)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

[27]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

 WORKSHEET 1 MEMORANDUM

MEANING OF DEVELOPMENT, INCLUDING ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS.

1. Development means becoming better, stronger and more advanced (concept) 1x2 =2
or
Development is a process in which social, economic and environmental inputs are
used to improve the quality of people’s lives. 
Any other relevant definition
2. Development involves change  3x2 =6
It is a process that happens over time. 
It is about progress or improvement that affects people’s lives. 

3. Housing:
Area A has informal housing. 
Area B has high-rise buildings / formal housing. 

Living conditions:
Area A is very dirty with no proper sanitation, roads or infrastructure. 
Area B is very clean and formally planned; with proper infrastructure.

4x2 = 8

4. A. Environmental aspect
B. Social aspect
C. Economic aspect 3x1 = 3
5. MODEL ANSWER:

Topic Sentence:

 Any relevant statement that introduces the topic.

(8)
Supporting Sentences:
  Provide basic services
 Provide formal housing (RDP houses)
 Improve the infrastructure
 Create jobs

(ANY OTHER RELEVANT POINT)

Concluding Sentence

 Ay relevant statement that concludes the discussion.

RUBRIC

Level 1  Uses evidence in an elementary manner e.g. shows MARKS: 0-1

little or no understanding. Uses evidence partially to
report on topics or cannot report on the topic.
Level 2  Evidence is mostly relevant and relates to a great MARKS: 2-3
extent to the topic. Uses evidence in a very basic
manner.
Level 3  Uses relevant evidence e.g. demonstrates a thorough MARKS: 6-8
understanding.
 Uses evidence very effectively in an organised
paragraph that shows an understanding of the topic.

[27]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

 WORKSHEET 2
WAYS OF MEASURING DEVELOPMENT
1. Match the meanings with the correct terms in the table below. Write the letter
corresponding to correct ANSWER in the middle column 4x1= 4
Terms Answers Meanings
Economic Indicators i. …….. A. Measures things that are about the quality of
life
Social Indicators B. Using manufacturing methods to produce
ii. …….. goods

Environmental iii. …….. C. Tools, machines and methods to produce

Indicators goods
Industrialisation iv. …….. D. Show the impact of human activity on the
environment
E. Provide information about wealth and income

2. Study the table below and answer the questions that follow:

Country GDP in US dollars GDP per capita in Population

($) US dollars ($)
China 9 000 000 000 6.61 1 361 512 500
New Zealand 1 000 000 000 223.05 4 483 393
Nigeria 1000 000 000 183 528 800
Sri Lanka 1000 000 000 22 666 350

2.1 What does the acronym GDP stand for? 1x1 = 1

_____________________________________________________________
2.2 Differentiate between GDP and GDP per capita. 2x2 = 4
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2.3 Which currency has been used to give GDP per capita? 1x1 = 1
_____________________________________________________________
2.4 Why do you think the currency in 2.3 above is used instead of the local
currency? 1x2 = 2
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2.5 Rank the two countries (New Zealand and China) using GDP/per capita per
year, starting with the richest to the poorest country. 2x1 = 2
1. _______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________

2.6 Calculate the GDP/per capita per year for Nigeria and Sri Lanka . 2x2 = 4
GDP
Formula =
Population

Nigeria
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Sri Lanka
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

[18]
 GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2
WORKSHEET 2 MEMORANDUM
WAYS OF MEASURING DEVELOPMENT

1 i. E
ii. A
iii. D 4x1 = 4
iv. B
2 .
2.1 Gross domestic product 1x1 = 1
2.2 GDP is the total value of goods and services produced in a country in one 2x2 = 4
year. 
GDP per capita is the GDP of the country divided by the number of people in
the country. 
2.3 US$ or US dollars or USD) 1x1 = 1
2.4 Using US dollars makes it easier to compare economic development in
different countries.  1x2 =2
2.5 1. New Zealand 2x1 = 2
2 China
2.6 GDP of Nigeria 2x2 =4
GDP of Nigeria=
Population of Nigeria
$ 1 000 000 000
¿
183528 800 people

=$5.45 per person
GDP of Sri Lanka
GDP of Sri Lanka=
Population of Sri Lanka
$ 1 000 000 000
¿
22 666 350

=$44.12 per person
[18]
 GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2
WORKSHEET 3
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI): Life expectancy, education and
GDP per capita.

1 Examine the world map indicating categories of HDI by countries (SOURCE

A and the extract below (SOURCE B) and answer the questions that follow:
SOURCE A

Source: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahab-Rezaeian-2/publication/311434588/figure/fig1/
AS:439236953415680@1481733658715/World-Map-Indicating-the-Categories-of-HDI-by-Countries-Based-on-
Data-2013.png

The Human Development Index (HDI) is an indicator that includes other indicators such as
GDP per capita, education and life expectancy The HDI was created to include the social
aspect of development as well as the economic aspect. The HDI does not include any
environmental development indicators. The HDI is calculated every year.
Taken from Platinum Social Sciences Grade 9

1.1 What does the acronym HDI stand for? 1x2 = 2

_____________________________________________________________
 _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.2 Why is it better to use HDI rather than GDP to look at the development of a 1x2 = 2
country?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

1.3 Name THREE indicators that are used to determine the Human
Development Index (HDI). 3x1 = 3
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

1.4 What is life expectancy? 1x2 =2

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.5 Which continent has the lowest HDI? 1x1 = 1
_____________________________________________________________
1.6 In a paragraph of no more than eight lines, explain how education affect the
country’s development. (8)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
[18]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

 WORKSHEET 3 MEMORANDUM
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI)
1.1 Human development index 1x2 = 2
1.2 Because the HDI takes three indicators into account, not just income.  1x2 = 2
1.3 Life expectancy 3x1 = 3
Education
GDP per capita
1.4 Life expectancy is the average number of years a person in a particular 1x2 =2
country can expect to live. 
1.5 Africa 1x1 =1
1.6 MODEL ANSWER: (8)

Topic Sentence:

 Any relevant statement that introduces the topic.

Supporting Sentences:

 increases wealth
 Produces skilled workers
 reduces poverty
 Spread of knowledge
 creation of jobs
 creates a stable society

(ANY OTHER RELEVANT POINT)

Concluding Sentence

 Ay relevant statement that concludes the discussion.

RUBRIC

Level 1  Uses evidence in an elementary manner e.g. shows MARKS: 0-1

 little or no understanding. Uses evidence partially to
report on topics or cannot report on the topic.
Level 2  Evidence is mostly relevant and relates to a great MARKS: 2-3
extent to the topic. Uses evidence in a very basic
manner.
Level 3  Uses relevant evidence e.g. demonstrates a thorough MARKS: 6-8
understanding.
 Uses evidence very effectively in an organised
paragraph that shows an understanding of the topic.
[18]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 4
 FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT

Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT

It is important to take note of the fact that not all countries in the world have the same level of
development. There are many reasons why development is not the same. Improvements in
farming were introduced in the 1960s and 1970s in many LEDCs, these improvements were
part of science-based development strategies called the Green Revolution

1. Mention THREE factors affecting development, except for colonialism. 3x1 = 3

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. Discuss THREE benefits of the Green Revolution. 3x2 = 6

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

3. What is an imbalance of trade? 1x2 = 2

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
4. Differentiate between technology and industrialization. 2x2 = 4
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
[15]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

 WORKSHEET 4 MEMORANDUM
FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT

1. Colonialism
Health and welfare
Education
Political stability
Trade 3x1 = 3
(ANY THREE)
2. Farmers produced more food. 
Fewer famines resulted in reduced deaths and better health. 
More jobs in farming and related areas such as dam and road construction.

People learnt new skills.
People earned higher wages.
Access to health.
Infant mortality rates lowered.
Life expectancy has increased in many countries.
(ANY THREE) 3x2 = 6

3. Imbalance of trade is unevenness or inequality in trade which puts poorer

countries in a deep cycle of poverty and get poorer.  1x2 = 2
4. Technology: tools, machines and methods used to perform a task. 
Industralisation: using manufacturing methods to produce goods.  2x2 = 4

[15]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 5
 FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
HISTORICAL FACTORS – COLONIALISM

Examine the map on colonialism below and answer the questions that follow:

Source: http://cdn1.vox-cdn.com/assets/4659723/Screen_Shot_2014-06-
23_at_5.07.38_PM2.png

1.1 Define ‘colonisation’ 1x2 =2

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.2 Which European country had colonised South Africa? 1x1 = 1
_____________________________________________________________

1.3 With reference to natural resources, what was the aim of colonisation 1x2 =2
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.4 Explain TWO ways in which colonialism increase the gap between the rich
and the poor. 2x2 = 4
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

1.5 Explain three reasons why the process of underdevelopment occurred in the
colonised countries. 3x2 = 6
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
[15]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 5 MEMORANDUM
 FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
HISTORICAL FACTORS - COLONIALISM

1.1 Colonialism is the practice of taking over political control of another country
(concept)  1x2 = 2

1.2 Britain 1x1 = 1

1.3 Colonisation aimed to exploit and control natural resources in the lands that
were colonised.  1x2 =2
1.4 The money generated by colonial governments was invested in their nations.

The money did not circulate in the colony; it did not benefit the people of the 2x2 = 4
colony. 
(Any other relevant answer)

1.5 Powerful European countries controlled trade. 

Powerful European countries would use cheap natural resources and labour
in their colonies to manufacture goods and sell these goods at high prices in
the MEDCs. 
The colonies miss earning this money from the use of their natural resources
and labour, which led to underdevelopment. 
3x2 = 6
[15]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 6
FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
TRADE IMBALANCES: UNFAIR TRADE

Refer to the Source below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Which group of countries is represented by the “poor man”? 1x1 = 1

___________________________________________________________

2. Which group of countries is represented by the “rich man”? 1x1 = 1

___________________________________________________________

3. After the tree trunk was cut into planks, why did the wood become more
expensive? 1x2 = 2
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

4. Discuss the unfair trade relationship that developed between the two men. 3x2 = 6
___________________________________________________________
 ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

5. Name TWO strategies recommended by the United Nations to develop more

equitable (equal) trading relationships between “rich” and “poor” countries. 2x2 = 4
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

[14]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 6 MEMORANDUM
FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
TRADE IMBALANCES: UNFAIR TRADE
1. Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDC) or developing countries.  1x1 = 1
(Do not accept poor countries)

2. More Economically Developed Countries (MEDC) or developed countries.  1x1 = 1

(Do not accept rich countries)

3. The tree trunk has been processed into planks which are now easier to use
and therefore are more valuable.  1x2 = 2

4. The poor man provided the resource.  3x2 = 6

.
Once the resource was processed the poor man had to buy it back from the
rich man at a higher cost. 
As the poor man could not afford the chicken sheds the rich man said he
would help the poor man by giving him a loan. The poor man is then charged
interest and is in debt. 
The rich man then has the monopoly of the resource which he can buy at
fixed prices.
The poor man has no choice and has to trade with the rich man because of
his debt.
(Any three logical choices from the text)

5. Create opportunities for economically disadvantaged producers. 

Improve managerial skills and open market opportunities for the producers. 2x2 = 4

Pay a fair price for a resource.
Sustainable environmental practices and responsible methods of production.
(Any 2 logical choices)

[14]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 7
FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
 TRADE IMBALANCES: UNFAIR TRADE, TECHNOLOGY AND
INDUSTRIALISATION
1 Use your knowledge and diagram below on trade surplus and the trade
deficit to answer the questions that follow:

A B

Source: https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/simgad/8878232519485335286?
sqp=4sqPyQQ7QjkqNxABHQAAtEIgASgBMAk4A0DwkwlYAWBfcAKAAQGIAQGdAQAAgD-
oAQGwAYCt4gS4AV_FAS2ynT4&rs=AOga4qmfoLG-HGbsJF4Bcr6FYWTc04ZTSw

1.1 Match the meanings with the correct terms in the table below. Write the
correct ANSWER in the middle column 5x1 = 5
Trade i…….. A. Difference between the countries’ exports and imports
Trade balance ii…….. B. Goods sold out of the country
Exports iii…….. C. When the value of the country’s exports is higher than
imports
Trade surplus iv…….. D. Exchange of goods and services
Globalisation v……….. E. The economic, social and technological exchange
between countries
1.2 Explain trade in diagram B 1x2 = 2
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.3 Discuss three ways in which trade can help promote development in a 3x2 = 6
country
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
 _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.4 Read an extract below and answer the questions that follow:

Industrialisation and technology have provided many jobs all over the world.
Over 50 percent of the world’s industrial output is provided by multinational
companies. Examples of multinational companies include Toyota, Hitachi,
Samsung, Ford and British petroleum.
Extracted from: Spot On Social Sciences Grade 9, page 34.

1.4.1 Quote any two examples of multinational companies from the extract. 2x1 = 2
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.4.2 Discuss the benefits and problems (advantages and disadvantages) that
multinational companies bring to developing countries in a paragraph of
about eight lines. (8)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
[23]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 7 MEMORANDUM
FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
TRADE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRIALISATION

1.1 i. D 5x1 =5
 ii. A
iii. B
iv. C
v. E
1.2 Imports are higher than exports in diagram B, resulting in a trade deficit
which is bad for the local currency 1x2 = 2
1.3  Trade can lead to development if the countries that have lots of
natural resources and labour receive higher prices for their products.

 If workers and producers receive higher wages, then the government
can get more taxes to provide basic services. 
 If there are more schools and greater access to health care, then
there will be more skilled people to help develop the country further
by processing raw materials, which can be exported at higher prices.
 3x2 = 6
( Any other relevant answer)
1.4
1.4.1 “Toyota” 
“Hitachi” 
“Samsung”
“Ford”
British Petroleum”
(ANY TWO) 2x1 = 2
1.4.2 MODEL ANSWER:

Topic Sentence:

 Any relevant statement that introduces the topic.

Supporting Sentences:

Benefits (Advantages)

 Provide jobs
 Increase wealth of the host country
  Improves infrastructure
 Provides modern technology
 Brings foreign currency to the country

Problems (Disadvantages)

 Jobs are often low-skilled

 Lower salaries
 Exploitation of workers
 Minerals are often exported rather than processed
 Much of the profit will go out of the country

(ANY OTHER RELEVANT POINT)

Concluding Sentence
(8)
 Ay relevant statement that concludes the discussion.

RUBRIC

Level 1  Uses evidence in an elementary manner e.g. shows MARKS: 0-1

little or no understanding. Uses evidence partially to
report on topics or cannot report on the topic.
Level 2  Evidence is mostly relevant and relates to a great MARKS: 2-3
extent to the topic. Uses evidence in a very basic
manner.
Level 3  Uses relevant evidence e.g. demonstrates a thorough MARKS: 6-8
understanding.
 Uses evidence very effectively in an organised
paragraph that shows an understanding of the topic.
[23]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

WORKSHEET 8
FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
HEALTH AND WELFARE, EDUCATION, POLITICAL STABILITY
ALTERNATIVES TO DEVELOPMENT – PARTICULARLY ALTERNATIVES TO
INDUSTRALISATION

1. “There is a saying that a healthy nation is a wealthy nation”. Oxford

successful Social Sciences Learners book.
1.1 Why do you think a wealthy nation is healthy? Give two reasons. 2x2 = 4
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

1.2 Name two negative effects of poorly educated and unskilled population. 2x1 = 2
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

1.3 Wars prevent countries from developing as well as cause development to 2x2 = 4
decline. Give two reasons why this is the case.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
1.4 Mention any two alternative forms of development to industrialisation. 2x1 = 2
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
[12]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2 ACTIVITIES

WORKSHEET 8 MEMORANDUM
FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT
HEALTH AND WELFARE, EDUCATION, POLITICAL STABILITY
ALTERNATIVES TO DEVELOPMENT – PARTICULARLY ALTERNATIVES
TO INDUSTRALISATION
1.1 Countries where life expectancy is high benefit from a fit and productive 2x2 = 4
workforce. 
Healthy people work for many years and become more experienced and
skills. 
People who work for many years pay more tax which improves the GDP
(ALLOW ANY OTHER RELEVANT ANSWER)
1.2 Shortage of entrepreneurs 2x1 = 2
High unemployment
Less economic development
High rate of dependency
(ALLOW ANY OTHER RELEVANT ANSWER)
1.3 Industries and services do not function properly during war time 2x2 = 4
Infrastructure is usually damaged and expensive to repair
Moore money is used to buy weapons
Many skilled people leave the country
(ALLOW ANY OTHER RELEVANT ANSWER)

1.4 Community-based development 2x1 = 2

Education and training
Rural development programmes
Beneficiation of minerals
Agriculture
Promotion of tourism
(ALLOW ANY OTHER RELEVANT ANSWER)

[12]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2 ACTIVITIES

WORKSHEET 9
OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT – SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
 Study about sustainable development principle in South Africa’s coast below
and answer questions that follow.

Case study: Sustainable development principle for the coast

South Africa’s coast is a valuable resource for numerous reasons; it provides jobs in areas
such as recreation, tourism, transportation, shipping, fishing etc. It is a place of great beauty
and cultural value. It offers educational and scientific opportunities. Coastal ecosystems
provide natural erosion control and waste treatment. And all of this is not even to mention the
value it provides to plants and animals that rely on it as their home.
South Africa’s coastal and marine resources are under considerable threat and are already
severely degraded in many areas due to unsustainable development. Unless they begin to be
managed sustainably, these resources will be lost for good. This will make it very difficult to
attain much needed economic growth and sustainably meet basic needs.
Much of the country’s coastal development is centred on the country’s large commercial ports.
Those facilities have triggered extensive industrial and urban development. This development
results in excessive sewage and storm water discharge, which harm coastal resources. Some
63 ocean sewage outfalls are located along the South African coast. Deterioration in the
coastal water quality threatens human and ecosystem health. Urban development along the
coastal zone also creates environmental pressures on the landscape through habitat
transformation. For example, building houses around estuaries (an estuary is an area where
a river enters the ocean) cuts the estuaries off from the surrounding habitats. Another threat
to estuaries comes from agriculture and urban activities upstream. Estuaries are home to
countless plants and animals, but they are also important to humans because they protect
water quality by filtering out dirt and pollution. There are 343 estuaries along the South African
coast and almost all of them have been degraded.
Fishing is a primary economic activity in South Africa. However, some fish stock has been
over-harvested, and several species face local extinction. Destruction of these resources
through unsustainable exploitation has and will have severe negative consequences for the
economy and the communities dependent on them. Another activity that threatens the coast is
shipping. Pressures associated with shipping include oil spills and the discharge of waste from
vessels. These lower marine water quality, making it less sustainable for marine life and human
use, particularly around commercial ports.
In contrast to these environmentally degrading activities, sustainable coastal development
methods, if employed, could make a powerful contribution to reconstructing and development in
South Africa through maintaining a diverse, healthy and productive coastal ecosystem
Sustainable development in South Africa 12344107312pdf
1. What is sustainable development? 1x2 = 2
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. Provide THREE factors that put South Africa’s coastal and marine resources 3x2 = 6
under considerable threats.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. Give TWO reasons why South Africa’s coast is seen as a valuable resource. 2x2 = 4
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
4. South Africa’s large commercial parts have triggered extensive industrial and
urban development. Name THREE developments that resulted in coastal 3x2 = 6
damage.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

5. What is the advantage of using sustainable coastal development methods? 1x2 = 2

_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[20]

GRADE 9 GEOGRAPHY TERM 2 ACTIVITIES

WORKSHEET 9 MEMORANDUM
OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT – SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT

1. Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the

present generation in such a way that future generations will still benefit
 (concept)  1x2 = 2

2.  Unsustainable coastal development methods.

 Unsustainable exploitation. 3x2 = 6
 Over-harvesting of fish.
 Excessive sewage and storm water discharge.
 Oil spills and the discharge of waste from vessels.
(ANY THREE)

3. 2x2 = 4
 It provides jobs in areas such as recreation, tourism, transportation,
shipping, fishing etc. .
 It is a place of great beauty and cultural valueIt offers educational
and scientific opportunities.
 Coastal ecosystems provide natural erosion control and waste
treatment.
 It provides value to the plants and animals that rely on it as their
home.
(ANY TWO)
4.  Development of large commercial ports.
 Industrial development along the coast. 3x2 = 6
 Coastal development results in excessive sewage and stormwater
discharge, which harms coastal resources.
 Agriculture and urban activities.
 Fishing.
 Shipping.
 Building houses around estuaries off from the surrounding habitats.
(ANY THREE)

5.  It could make a powerful contribution to reconstruction. 1x2 = 2

 It could contribute to the development maintaining diverse, healthy
and productive coastal ecosystems.
(ANYONE)
[20]