Y8 Science End of year practice test

Y8 Science End of year practice

test
Name

Q1
Look at the table of substances below.
a) Write a suitable heading for the second column.
b) Add one more example to the first column.

Man-made substances

plastic wood
concrete seawater
nylon sand
air

[2 marks]

Q2
What is the life process used to release energy from food? Tick one box.

A respiration

B digestion

C reproduction

D circulation
[1 mark]

Q3
Use words from the box to complete the sentences correctly. Not all the words will be used.

burn flames hot fire extinguisher wet wood

a) To light a bonfire, you need to make the wood very

.
[1 mark]
b) We can tell when the wood starts to burn, because we can see

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

.
[1 mark]
c) To put the fire out, we can use a

.
[1 mark]

Q4
a) Name the changes of state shown in the diagrams below.

(i)

(ii)
[2 marks]
b) Are changes of state like this reversible or irreversible changes?
Explain your reasoning.

[1 mark]

Q5
We get some metals from the Earth by mining ores. Metals can also be recycled.
Describe two advantages of recycling metals.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[2 marks]

Q6
Describe what teeth do to food when we chew.

[1 mark]

Q7
This boat has an engine.

a) Draw an arrow to show the direction of the force from the engine.
[1 mark]
b) Describe how this force will affect the boat.

[1 mark]

Q8
The diagram shows two people standing on the surface of the Earth.

a) Name the force that pulls people towards the Earth.

[1 mark]
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

b) Draw an arrow from person B to show the direction of the force that keeps him on the Earth.
[1 mark]
c) Explain your answer to part b.

[1 mark]

Q9
Complete the following sentence about what metals look like.

a) Most metals look

[1 mark]

b) What is the first change of state that happens when a solid metal is heated? Tick one box.

A evaporating

B melting

C boiling

D condensing
[1 mark]

Q10
Fats and minerals are types of nutrient in food. Name two different types of nutrient in food.

[2 marks]

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

Q11
A new material was invented. The material has the following properties:

very high melting point flexible non-conductor of heat heavy conductor of electricity green
a) Give two properties that make this new material suitable for electrical wiring.

[1 mark]

b) The material is also described as very reactive. Give the meaning of the word ‘reactive’.

[1 mark]

Q12
The three objects, A, B and C in the pictures below are made of different substances.

The substances they are made of have different properties, such as what they look like or how they
behave.
a) Choose two objects and describe one property that is similar in both.

[1 mark]

b) Choose two objects and describe one way their properties differ.

[1 mark]

Q13
The drawing shows a seed.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) Name X and Y labelled on the seed.

[1 mark]
b) Which part of a plant grows out of the seed first? Tick one box.

A leaf

B flower

C stem

D root
[1 mark]
c) What resources does the seed need for growth to happen?

[2 marks]

d) What type of reproduction produces seeds? Tick one box.

A asexual

B sexual

C external

D internal
[1 mark]

Q14
The diagrams below show some apparatus that could be used to test the properties of a liquid.
Suggest what property of the liquid each apparatus could be used to test.
Some of the words in the box below can be used in your answer.

colour point electricity boiling hardness heat melting strength conduction

a)

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]

b)

[1 mark]

Q15
A metal is added to a test tube of water, as shown in the diagram.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) How do we know a chemical reaction is happening?

[1 mark]

b) What happens in all chemical reactions?

[1 mark]

Q16
Look at the diagram of the grass flower.
Complete the table to show the names of the parts of the flower and what each part does.

Part Name of part What the part does

W
X
Y
Z
[4 marks]

Q17
Marta is running. Sam is sitting on a chair.
a) Suggest two things Marta will need more of than Sam.

[2 marks]

b) Suggest one way Marta’s body will change when she runs.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]

c) Marta runs very fast at the end of her run but she cannot sprint for very long. Explain why.

[1 mark]

Q18
Look at the cartoon.

Explain why Sylvia’s answer is the best.

[1 mark]

Q19
The water in this pan is boiling.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) State the temperature of boiling water.

[2 marks]

b) The main part of the pan is made of metal and the handle is made of wood.
i Why is the pan made of metal? Tick one box.

A Metal is a good conductor of heat.

B Metal is a good insulator of heat.

C Metal is a good conductor of electricity.

D Electricity is a good insulator of electricity.

[1 mark]
ii Why is the handle made of wood? Tick one box.

A Wood is a good conductor of heat.

B Wood is a good insulator of heat.

C Wood is a good conductor of electricity.

D Wood is a good insulator of electricity.

[1 mark]
c) Name one other material that could be used to make a handle that is safe to use.

[1 mark]

Q20
A tea light is a type of candle. The diagram shows apparatus used to investigate the effect of the
height of a candle on the time taken before the candle goes out.

a)
i Which is the independent variable in the experiment? Tick one box.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

A height of candle

B the material of the container

C size of container

D time taken for candle to go out

[1 mark]
ii Which is the dependent variable in the experiment? Tick one box.

A height of candle

B the material of the container

C size of container

D time taken for candle to go out

[1 mark]
b) The other variables need to be controlled. Explain why.

[1 mark]

c) Choose one of the control variables and suggest how this variable could be controlled.

[1 mark]

Q21
The diagram shows the human gas exchange system.
Name the organs, W, X, Y and Z. Write the correct name of the organ next to the letters.

[4 marks]

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

Q22
Bruce is having a barbecue.
The tongs Bruce is using are metal but have wooden handles.

a) The handles are made of wood so they do not burn Bruce’s hands.
Explain why his hands would not be burned.

[1 mark]

b) The metal used to make the tongs is flexible. Give the meaning of the word ‘flexible’.

[1 mark]

Q23
The properties of elements make the element suitable for particular uses.
a) Why is iron used for building bridges? Tick one box.

A it is very dense

B it is easy to paint

C it is strong

D it is a good conductor of heat

[1 mark]
b) Why is copper used for the bottom of cooking pots? Tick one box.

A it is very dense

B it is a good conductor of electricity

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

C it is a good conductor of heat

D it is shiny
[1 mark]

Q24
State whether these pairs of magnets will attract or repel each other.
Write either ‘attract’ or ‘repel’ underneath each pair of magnets.

[1 mark]

Q25
The graph shows the temperature of a block of ice changing as it is heated.

a) What is the state of the water at point E? Tick one box.

A solid

B liquid

C gas

D steam
[1 mark]
b) What is happening to the ice at X? Tick one box.

A It is boiling.

B It is freezing.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

C It is melting.

D It is condensing.
[1 mark]
c) Give the temperature at B.

[1 mark]

d) Explain why the change at X is a physical change, not a chemical change.

[1 mark]

e) Give one example of a chemical change.

[1 mark]

Q26
Describe the test for the acidic gas produced when people respire. List the equipment you would
need and describe what would happen.

[2 marks]

Q27
We get many materials from the Earth.
a) Some metals e.g. gold, are found in their ‘native state’. What does ‘native state’ mean? Tick one
box.

A The metal is always found by local people.

B The metal is only found in certain countries.

C The metal is found as an element.

D The metal is found as a compound.

[1 mark]
b) Some metals are extracted from rocks. What do we call any rock from which a metal can be
extracted? Tick one box.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

A an alloy

B an ore

C a mineral

D a quarry
[1 mark]
c) Give one advantage of recycling metals.

[1 mark]

Q28

Food packaging sometimes has colours called “traffic lights” to help people choose more healthy
foods.
Green means – there are low amounts of the things you should not eat too much of.
Amber means – there are medium amounts of the things you should not eat too much of.
Red means – there are high amounts of the things you should not eat too much of.

MEDIUM per
LOW per 100 g 100 g HIGH per 100 g
Fat <3g 3.0–20 g > 20 g
Saturated fats < 1.5 g 1.5–5 g >5g
Salt < 0.3 g 0.3–1.5 g > 1.5 g
Sugars <5g 5–15 g > 15 g
a) Here is a set of traffic lights for ‘Minies Milk Chocolate Light Biscuits’.

Name the colour of each rectangle. Use the table to help you.
[2 marks]

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

Peter works for a building company. He likes to eat Minies Milk Chocolate Light Biscuits at work. He
has always worked hard. In his twenties, when he first started work for the company, he did a lot of
lifting and carrying. Now he is a building site manager and sits at a desk for most of the day. When
Peter first started work, over 20 years ago, he was slim. Now he has a big belly.
b) Give two reasons why Peter now has a big belly.

[2 marks]

c) Explain why Peter may gain more weight if he keeps eating a lot of sugary foods.

[1 mark]

d) Suggest one piece of information from the biscuit label that might cause Peter to think that the
biscuits are not a problem to eat.

[1 mark]

e) Suggest one reason why Peter should lose some weight.

[1 mark]

f) Peter needs about 9000 kJ per day. How many grams of biscuits would he have to eat to get all the
energy he needs for one day?

[1 mark]

Q29
Gas exchange happens in air sacs.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) Which two gases are exchanged in the air sacs? Tick one box.

A oxygen and carbon dioxide

B nitrogen and oxygen

C hydrogen and carbon dioxide

D carbon dioxide and nitrogen

[1 mark]
b) Describe two features that increase the speed of gas exchange in air sacs.

[2 marks]

Q30
Draw lines to link each of the words on the left with its meaning shown on the right.
combustion a reaction when a substance combines with oxygen
fuel a substance made of only hydrogen and carbon
hydrocarbon a substance containing stored energy that can be released
during burning
oxidation a reaction when burning happens
[2 marks]

Q31
a) Which organs get shorter and thicker to make the lung volume greater? Tick one box.
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

A bronchi

B bones

C alveoli

D muscles
[1 mark]
b) Barney measures the volume of air in each breath before and after running on a treadmill for 5
minutes. He repeats the experiment five times. His results are shown in the table.

Test
1
2
3
4
5
There are no units given in the table. Suggest suitable units for the volume of air.

[1 mark]

c) What is the range of Barney’s results? Show your working.

Range =

[2 marks]

Q32
The drawing is from an advanced level textbook. The diagram shows the organs that help with
digestion in the body.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) Explain why the body needs to digest food.

[1 mark]

b) Describe how food is pushed through the oesophagus.

[2 marks]

Q33
The diagrams show two flowers, M and N.

The magnified pollen grain shown below comes from flower N.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) Explain how you can tell that the pollen grain is from flower N and not from flower M. Give two
reasons.

[2 marks]

b) Give one way a pollen grain from flower N would be different from a pollen grain from flower M.

[1 mark]

c) The drawing below shows a different type of pollen grain.

How is this pollen grain adapted to help pollination?

[1 mark]

d) What part of a pollen grain is needed for fertilisation? Tick one box.

A egg

B male gamete

C ovule

D stamen
[1 mark]

Q34
Mrs Jones pumps up a tyre on her car.
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) What is happening to the number of particles in the tyre as Mrs Jones pumps it up? Tick one box.

A It decreases.

B It stays the same.

C It increases.

D It varies.
[1 mark]
b) Explain what will happen to the pressure of air inside the tyre.

[2 marks]

Q35
The melting points and boiling points of four elements in the same group of the periodic table are
given in the table.
Give the state of each element at room temperature (25 °C). Write your answers in the last column.

Element Melting point (°C) Boiling point (°C) State

A –220 –188

B –101 –35

C –7 59

D 144 184
[2 marks]

Q36
a) Which reactant is needed for aerobic respiration but not needed for anaerobic respiration? Tick
one box.

A oxygen

B nitrogen

C hydrogen

D carbon dioxide
[1 mark]
b) What chemical does anaerobic respiration produce in humans? Tick one box.
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

A nitric acid

B hydrochloric acid

C lactic acid

D oxygen
[1 mark]
c) The cells of smokers often use anaerobic respiration more than the cells of non-smokers. Suggest
one substance in cigarette smoke that may cause this.

[1 mark]

Q37
The breathing rate of an astronaut when resting inside the Space Shuttle and when walking outside
the Space Shuttle are shown below.

a) What sort of graph or chart is this? Tick one box.

A line graph

B scatter graph

C bar chart

D pie chart
[1 mark]
b) How does the astronaut’s breathing rate change when he goes for a walk outside the Space
shuttle? Tick one box.
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

A Breathing rate decreases.

B Breathing rate increases.

C Breathing rate stays the same.

D Breathing rate stops.

[1 mark]
c) Explain why his breathing rate changed when the astronaut was more active.

[2 marks]

Q38
The diagram shows an incomplete fire triangle.

a) What is the missing word on the triangle?

[1 mark]

b) Explain what the fire triangle shows.

[1 mark]

c) Explain how water helps to put out a fire.

[1 mark]

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

d) Explain why you should not use water on burning oil.

[1 mark]

Q39
Car battery acid is a solution of sulfuric acid.
Mr Smith adds a few zinc-coated nails to some acid from a car battery.
The nails immediately start to react, producing bubbles of a colourless gas.

What is the name of the salt formed in this reaction? Tick one box.

A zinc oxide

B zinc sulfate

C sulphur dioxide

D hydrogen sulfide
[1 mark]

Q40
A class is asked to measure the increase in mass when a 1 g piece of magnesium is burned using the
apparatus opposite.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) Name the compound formed when magnesium burns.

[1 mark]

b) Identify the anomalous result in the class results table and explain your choice.

[2 marks]

c) Calculate the mean increase in mass in grams for this set of results. Clearly explain what you will
do with any anomalous results.

[2 marks]

Q41
The graph shows the temperature changes when a solid when was heated until it melted.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]
a) Explain how these results show that the solid is probably pure.

[1 mark]

b) Describe what happens to the particles of a solid when the solid starts to melt.

[1 mark]

Q42
A boy dives into water to a depth of 2 metres. The boy can feel pressure from the water.
a) What causes the pressure from the water? Tick one box.

A water particles moving

B water particles hitting him

C water particles vibrating

D air particles moving fast

[1 mark]
b) The boy dives down to 4 metres. What will the boy notice about the pressure? Tick one box.

A the pressure will be less

B the pressure will be zero

C the pressure will stay the same

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

D the pressure will be greater

[1 mark]

Q43
Sodium is an alkali metal. Sodium is stored under oil because it reacts readily with air and water.
a) Complete the word equation for the reaction of sodium and water.

sodium + water → +
[2 marks]
b) Describe what you would observe if you added a piece of sodium to water.

[1 mark]

Q44
The graph shows the temperature changes when metal X was heated until it melted.

a) Describe what happened to the temperature between 0 and 10 minutes.

[1 mark]

b) Give the melting point of metal X in the correct unit.

[1 mark]
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

c) Metal X reacts with acids. Which gas is formed in this reaction? Tick one box.

A hydrogen

B oxygen

C nitrogen

D carbon dioxide
[1 mark]
Metal X is usually stored under oil. Suggest a reason why a metal might need to be stored under oil.

[1 mark]

Q45
The diagram shows an iron lung. If a person cannot breathe for themselves, the person has to lie in
the machine and the iron lung will make the person breathe.

a) Explain what will happen to the pressure inside the iron lung when the bellows move outward.

[1 mark]

b) Describe the effect that this pressure change will have on the lungs.

[1 mark]
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

Q46
An outline of a modern periodic table is shown below.

a) Which of the elements are non-metals? Tick one box.

A (i) and (ii)

B (iii), (iv) and (vi)

C (iii), (iv) and (v)

D (i), (ii) and (vi)

[1 mark]
b) Which elements are in group 0? Tick one box.

A (i) and (ii)

B (iii)

C (iv) and (v)

D (vi)
[1 mark]
c) Describe the order of the elements in Mendeleev’s original periodic table.

[1 mark]

Q47
The melting points and boiling points of four elements, W, X, Y and Z, in the same group of the
periodic table are given opposite.

Eleme Position in group Melting point (°C) Boiling point (°C)

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

nt
W 1st –220 –188
X 2nd –101 –35
Y 3rd –7 59
Z 4th 114 184
a) What is the state of element Y at room temperature (25 °C)? Tick one box.

A solid

B liquid

C water

D gas
[1 mark]
b) The elements are in the same order as they are found in the group, from top to bottom.
Suggest a possible melting point for the fifth element in the group.
°C.
[1 mark]

Q48
Many food jars have ‘safety buttons’ on the lid. The safety button is a flexible part of the lid.
If you can ‘click’ the button, the jar has been opened and the food inside may not be safe.

Food in jars has usually been heated to help to preserve it before the food was put into the jar and
the lid put on the jar.
a) Explain what will happen to the pressure of the air inside the jar as the food cools down.
Write about particles in your answer.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[3 marks]

b) Explain why the safety button does not ‘click’ before the jar has been opened.

[1 mark]

c) Explain why the safety button will ‘click’ after the jar has been opened.

[1 mark]

Q49
This is the formula for calculating density.

An object has a mass of 60 g and a volume of 150 cm3.

Calculate the density of the object in g/cm3.

[2 marks]

Q50
The apparatus shown below is used to show what happens during the combustion of a hydrocarbon
fuel.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) What will happen to the thermometer reading during the experiment? Tick one box.

A The temperature decreases because energy is absorbed by the fuel.

B The temperature increases because energy is transferred from the fuel to the
surroundings.

C The temperature decreases because energy is transferred from the thermometer to

the surroundings.

D The temperature increases because energy is transferred from the surroundings to the
fuel.
[1 mark]
b) What will happen to the limewater during the experiment? Tick one box.

A The limewater will turn cloudy because it reacts with oxygen produced in the reaction.

B The limewater will turn dark because it reacts with heat produced in the reaction.

C The limewater will turn cloudy because it reacts with carbon dioxide produced in the
reaction.

D The limewater will turn pink because it reacts with carbon dioxide produced in the
reaction.
[1 mark]
c) Why will the cobalt chloride paper change during the experiment? Tick one box.

A The cobalt chloride paper will turn pink because water is produced in the reaction.

B The cobalt chloride paper will turn white because acid is produced in the reaction.

C The cobalt chloride paper will stay blue because water is not produced in the reaction.

D The cobalt chloride paper will turn pink because carbon dioxide is produced in the
reaction.
[1 mark]
d) During the experiment a black powder can form on the funnel above the candle.
Name this black powder and explain why the powder forms.

[2 marks]

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

Q51
Hydrogen carbonate indicator is pink but changes to yellow if the pH decreases. An experiment is set
up as shown. The tubes are left for two days.

What colour will the liquid be in each tube after two days?
Complete the table using one tick (✓) in each row.

Tube after 2 days Pink Yellow

A
B
C
D
E
F
[2 marks]

Q52
This is the formula for calculating density.

a) An object has a mass of 60 g and a volume of 150 cm3.

Calculate the density of the object in g/cm3.
[2 marks]
b) Will this object float in water? Explain your answer.

[1 mark]

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

c) Describe one way the density change when water freezes is different from the density change
when other liquids freeze.

[2 marks]

Q53
These drawings show energy transfers happening.
a) State the main energy transfer happening in each drawing.

(i)

(ii)
b) Explain how energy is being transferred through the pan in part ai. Use ideas about particles in
your answer.

[2 marks]

Q54
In an experiment, seeds from three different plant species are heated at different temperatures
before being planted. The results are shown in the table.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

Data source: Cushwa et al. American Society of Range Management, 1967 USDA.
a) Give the letter of the species of plant which would probably germinate after a fire. Explain your
answer.

[1 mark]

b) Suggest how a fire might help the seeds germinate.

[1 mark]

c) Explain two advantages to seeds if they only germinate after a fire.

[2 marks]

Q55
Three groups of students investigate the reactions of magnesium with two different acids. They label
the acids Acid A and Acid B. The concentration of both acids is the same.
Their method and results are given below.
Method
A Put 20 cm3 of Acid A into a boiling tube.
B Add a 1 cm length of cleaned magnesium ribbon and start the stop clock.
C Stop the clock when the magnesium has disappeared and record the time.
D Repeat twice with the same acid.
E Repeat all the steps above for Acid B.
Results

a) Explain which group’s results were not repeatable.

[2 marks]
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

b) Guy has a hypothesis that the rate of reaction between a metal and an acid depends on the type
of acid used. Explain whether the results here support this hypothesis.

[1 mark]

Q56
Upright freezers usually have drawers to put the food inside. The drawers are metal baskets with a
solid front. The solid front helps to keep the inside of the freezer cold when the door is opened.
Explain what would happen when the freezer door is opened, if the drawers did not have solid
fronts. Draw a diagram as part of your explanation.

[3 marks]

Q57
Scurvy is a disease caused when people do not get enough vitamin C. One symptom of scurvy is
bleeding gums. Explain how not having enough vitamin C can cause the gums to bleed.

[1 mark]

Q58
The drawing shows a pea pod. The seed, called a pea, is labelled.
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) What part of a pea flower forms the seed? Tick one box.

A ovule

B petal

C pollen

D sepal
[1 mark]
b) What part of a flower was part Z? Tick one box.

A petal

B sepal

C ovule

D stigma
[1 mark]
Usually a pea pod is stays on the plant, slowly dries and the pod twists. Suddenly the pod splits open
and the seeds burst out.
c) Explain why the plant does this. Give two reasons.

[2 marks]

d) Some plant fruits have 'spinners' on them, as shown in the drawing.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

Explain how 'spinners' help to disperse seeds.

[1 mark]

Some students make models of spinners and measure the time the spinners take to fall. The scatter
graph shows their results.

e) What is the independent variable in this investigation? Tick one box.

A The size of the model.

B The time taken to fall.

C The number of times each spinner was dropped.

D The length of the wings.

[1 mark]
f) What relationship does the graph show?

[1 mark]

g) Draw a line of best fit on the graph.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]

h) Describe one other way seeds can move away from a parent plant.

[1 mark]

Q59
Our ideas about what substances are made of have changed since the time of the Greek
philosophers Plato, Aristotle and Democritus.

Use the above information and your knowledge of science to answer the following questions.
a) Which of Plato’s four ‘elements’ is the best example of a compound? Tick one box.

A earth

B air

C fire

D water
[1 mark]
b) What is formed when elements join together?

[1 mark]

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

c) Explain how John Dalton’s ideas about elements agreed with Aristotle’s statement.

[2 marks]

Q60
Marie is investigating energy transfers using two thermometers.
The bulb of one thermometer is painted black and the bulb of the other thermometer is painted
silver.

a) Explain which type of energy transfer Marie is investigating.

[2 marks]

The graph shows the results of the experiment.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

b) Explain which line represents the black thermometer.

[1 mark]

c) Marie could have waited 10 minutes before starting to measure the temperature. Suggest why it
was better to measure the temperature every minute.

[1 mark]

Q61
Hydrogen carbonate indicator is pink but changes to yellow when carbon dioxide is added. An
experiment is set up as shown below. The tubes are left for two days.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) What does an indicator show?

[1 mark]

b) What colour will the liquid be in each tube after two days?
Complete the table using one tick (✓) in each row.

Tube after 2 days

A
B
C
D
E
F
[2 marks]

Q62
Dmitri Mendeleev published his ideas about classifying elements in 1869. His first periodic table is
shown below.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

a) Give the symbols for two examples of halogens from the table.

and
[1 mark]
b) Explain why Mendeleev chose to put some elements in the same group.

[1 mark]

Q63
The diagram shows an insect inside a flower.

a) Explain how the filament of the flower is adapted for its function.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]

b) Describe how the anther and stigma of the flower could be adapted to prevent self-pollination.

[1 mark]

c) Explain a disadvantage of self-pollination.

[2 marks]

d) Explain an advantage of self-pollination.

[1 mark]

Q64
Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are pollutants produced from the combustion of fossil fuels.
Other pollutants are also produced.
a) i Name one non-metal oxide pollutant produced from the combustion of an impurity in fossil
fuels.

[1 mark]

ii Name one non-metal oxide pollutant produced by the high temperature inside a vehicle engine
when the engine is burning fossil fuels.

[1 mark]

b) Explain how the combustion of fossil fuels can cause acid rain.

[2 marks]

c) Explain how carbon monoxide is produced in a car engine.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[2 marks]

d) Explain how the amount of carbon monoxide released into the air from a car exhaust can be
reduced.

[2 marks]

e) The carbon dioxide produced from the combustion of fossil fuels is a problem. Explain why.

[2 marks]

Q65
Information about the oxides of period 3 elements is shown below. Some of the information is
missing.

Melting State of
Eleme Formula of point of oxide at 25 Does it pH of oxide
nt oxide oxide (°C) °C dissolve? in water
sodiu Na2O 1132 solid yes 13
m
magne MgO 2852 solid slightly 9
sium
alumin Al2O3 2050 solid no 7
ium
silicon SiO2 1703 solid no 7
phosp P 2 O5 340 solid yes 2
horus
sulfur 17 gas yes 4

chlorin Cl2O –120 gas yes

e
a) Describe the difference between the melting points of metal oxides and non-metal oxides.

[1 mark]

b) Chlorine oxide is unstable and difficult to make, so the pH of this oxide in water is unknown. If we
could make some chlorine oxide, suggest what effect chlorine oxide would have on the pH of water.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]

c) The diagrams below show how the atoms in two of the oxides are held together.

i Give the formula of the oxide of sulfur shown here.

[1 mark]
ii The structure of sulfur oxide shown here is described as molecular. Explain the difference between
the structure of sulfur oxide and the structure of magnesium oxide.

iii Give one word that describes the structure of magnesium oxide.

[1 mark]

d) Magnesium reacts with oxygen and burns to form magnesium oxide. Careful measurements show
that the mass of magnesium oxide formed is the same as the mass of magnesium and oxygen used
up.
Describe what happens to the atoms of the reactants and use this to explain why there is no change
in mass.

[1 mark]

Q66
Some foods are dried to stop them going rotten. Explain how drying food stops moulds growing.

[2 marks]

Q67
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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

The particle diagrams below represent a pure metal and an alloy of the metal.

Explain, by referring to the diagrams, why the alloy is harder and less malleable than the pure metal.

[2 marks]

Q68
a) What chemical does anaerobic respiration produce in humans? Tick one box.

A nitric acid

B hydrochloric acid

C lactic acid

D oxygen
[1 mark]
b) The cells of smokers often use anaerobic respiration more than the cells of non-smokers. Suggest
one chemical in cigarette smoke that may cause this.

[1 mark]

c) Explain why this chemical causes more anaerobic respiration to happen.

[2 marks]

Q69
a) Each circle in the diagrams below represents a particle of a substance.
Put a ring around the diagram showing the particles in a solid.

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]
b) Use the particle model to explain which state of matter can be compressed.

[2 marks]

Q70
This pie chart can be used to help people eat in a healthy way.

a) What percentage of a person’s diet should be protein? Tick one box.

A 7%

B 12%

C 15%

D 33%

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 Y8 Science End of year practice test

[1 mark]
b) Suggest the name of a food you would find in the ‘dairy products’ section.

[1 mark]

Overall Mark /226

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