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2-Phase Horizontal Separator Sizing

The document outlines the sizing process for a 2-phase horizontal separator, detailing the necessary process conditions, gas and liquid capacity calculations, and the determination of separator dimensions. It emphasizes the importance of factors such as flow rates, retention time, and gas velocity, along with considerations for surge volume and internal components. Validation against industry standards is also recommended for design guidelines.

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114 views2 pages

2-Phase Horizontal Separator Sizing

The document outlines the sizing process for a 2-phase horizontal separator, detailing the necessary process conditions, gas and liquid capacity calculations, and the determination of separator dimensions. It emphasizes the importance of factors such as flow rates, retention time, and gas velocity, along with considerations for surge volume and internal components. Validation against industry standards is also recommended for design guidelines.

Uploaded by

odekuanghoernest
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2-PHASE HORIZONTAL SEPARATOR SIZING

Okay, let’s break down the sizing of a 2-phase horizontal separator.

1. Process Conditions

• Flow Rates: Gas (Qg) and Liquid (Ql) flow rates are required (e.g., m3/h or
bbl/day).
• Operating Pressure (P) and Temperature (T): These affect fluid properties.
• Fluid Properties: Gas density (ρg), gas viscosity (μg), liquid density (ρl), liquid
viscosity (μl), and surface tension (σ).

2. Gas Capacity Calculation

• Settling Velocity (Vg): Use the Souders-Brown equation:


Vg = K * sqrt((ρl - ρg) / ρg)
Where:

o Vg: Maximum allowable gas velocity (m/s or ft/s).


o K: Empirical constant (typically 0.1 - 0.35 ft/s, depending on the
application and internals). Lower values for more critical separations or
presence of foam.
o ρl: Liquid density (kg/m3 or lb/ft3).
o ρg: Gas density (kg/m3 or lb/ft3).

• Cross-Sectional Area (Ag): Calculate the required cross-sectional area for gas
flow:
Ag = Qg / Vg

3. Liquid Capacity Calculation

• Retention Time (tr): Determine the required retention time for the liquid phase
(typically 2-5 minutes). Longer retention times are needed for foaming systems or
to facilitate oil/water separation.
• Liquid Volume (Vl): Calculate the liquid volume:
Vl = Ql * tr

4. Separator Dimensions

• Separator Diameter (D): The diameter is related to both gas and liquid capacity.
An iterative approach is often used. First, estimate a diameter.

• Separator Length (L): A length-to-diameter ratio (L/D) is typically between 3:1


and 5:1.
o Calculate the liquid level: The liquid volume (Vl) occupies a certain portion
of the separator's cross-sectional area. The liquid level can be calculated
using geometric relationships for a partially filled cylinder. This calculation
often requires iteration.
o Check Gas Velocity: Ensure the gas velocity in the available gas space
above the liquid level is less than the calculated allowable gas velocity
(Vg). Adjust the diameter if necessary.
o Check Liquid Retention Time: Verify the calculated liquid retention time
based on the chosen diameter and length meets the process
requirements.

5. Surge Volume

• Account for fluctuations in liquid flow (typically 10-20% of the calculated liquid
volume). This is added to the liquid volume calculation.

6. Internals and Nozzles

• Inlet Diverter: An inlet diverter dissipates the momentum of the incoming fluid.
• Mist Eliminator: Include a mist eliminator (e.g., mesh pad or vane pack) to
capture fine droplets.
• Nozzle Sizing: Ensure inlet and outlet nozzles are sized appropriately.

7. Validation

• Refer to industry standards (API 12J, ASME Section VIII) for design guidelines
and safety factors.

To provide a more specific calculation, I would need the actual flow rates, fluid
properties, operating conditions, and any specific design constraints.

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