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5.OperationsOnData Slides

The document is a presentation on C++ 20 operations covering basic arithmetic operations, precedence, associativity, increment/decrement operators, logical and relational operators, output formatting, and numeric limits. It provides insights into built-in utilities and formatting options available in C++. Additionally, it includes examples and references to further resources for understanding C++ functionalities.

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3 views111 pages

5.OperationsOnData Slides

The document is a presentation on C++ 20 operations covering basic arithmetic operations, precedence, associativity, increment/decrement operators, logical and relational operators, output formatting, and numeric limits. It provides insights into built-in utilities and formatting options available in C++. Additionally, it includes examples and references to further resources for understanding C++ functionalities.

Uploaded by

Strix 621
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Slides

Section :Operations
on data
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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Operations on Data

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
divide
add
subtract

multiply
modulus decrement

Built in increment
utilities Formatting
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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Basic Operations

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divide
add
subtract

modulus
multiply

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Addition

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Subtraction

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Multiplication

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Division

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31
31/10
10 10 10

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Modulus

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31
31%10

10 10 10

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Precedence and Associativity

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a + b * c -d/e -f + g

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Precedence : which operation to do first
Associativity : which direction or which order

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
a/b*c +d - e + f

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
It is better to make the intent in your code as clear as possible by clearly
using () to indicate which operations you want done first

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Prefix and Postfix + and -

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Regular Increment/Decrement

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Postfix Increment/Decrement

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Postfix Increment/Decrement

//5
//6

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Postfix Increment/Decrement

//5
//6

//5
//4

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Prefix Increment/Decrement

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Prefix Increment/Decrement

//6

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Prefix Increment/Decrement

//6

//6

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Prefix Increment/Decrement

//6

//6

//4

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Prefix Increment/Decrement

//6

//6

//4

//4 31
The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
• Prefix and postfix increment/decrement operators are cool.

• But they only increment by one, what if we need to increment by a value


other than 1, say 5 or 7. We’ll see a way to do that in the next lecture

• There is no value** or **value , or //value or value//. They don’t make


sense, these prefix/postfix operators are only available for + and -, again
because that’s where they make sense

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Compound Operators

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Relational Operators :
Comparing Stuff

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Logical Operators

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AND &&

OR ||

NOT !

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a b a && b
false false false
AND false true false
true false false
true true true

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a b a || b
false false false
OR false true true
true false true
true true true

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a !a
NOT true false
false true

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Combine logical operators in expression

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Logical and Relational combined in expressions

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Output Formatting

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#include <ios> #include <iomanip>

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std::flush
std::endl std::right std::boolalpha

std::showpoint

std::left
std::setfill()
std::setw() std::hex
std::internal

std::fixed
std::setprecision() std::dec std::scientific

std::oct
std::showbase std::uppercase
std::showpos
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std:endl

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causes immediate sending of data to
std:flush the device connected to the stream

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std::cout

std:flush

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std::cout

std:flush

Hello

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std::cout

std:flush

Hello
World

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std::cout

std:flush

Hello
World
How
Are
You

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std::cout

std:flush

Hello
World
How
Are
You

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std:setw()

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Right justified

Head Head
1 2

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Left justified

Head Head
1 2

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Internal justified

Head Head
- 3.33 2
- 34.79

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std::setfill

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std::boolalpha

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std::showpos

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std::dec std::oct and std::hex

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std::showbase

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std::uppercase

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std::scientific – std::fixed

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std::scientific – std::fixed (contd)

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std::setprecision

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std::showpoint

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Manipulator(s) header Purpose
std::endl <ostream> Insert new line character
std::flush <ostream> Flush the output stream
std::setw() <iomanip> changes the width of the
next input/output field
std::left, std::right, <ios> Value Justification
std::internal
std::boolalpha and <ios> Bool output format
std::noboolalpha
std::showpos and <ios> Show + sign for positive
std::noshowpos numbers
std::dec, std::hex, <ios> Controls the default number
std::oct system
std::showbase and <ios> Include prefix to show base
std::noshowbase
std::uppercase and <ios> Show digits in uppercase
std::nouppercase
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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Manipulator(s) header Purpose
std::fixed and <ios> Controls floating point output
std::scientific format
std::setprecision() <iomanip> Number of digits used to
represent a floating point
type
std::setfill() <iomanip> Changes the fill character
std::showpoint and <ios> Controls whether trailing
std::noshowpoint zeros are shown

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Reference Doc https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip

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Numeric Limits

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#include <limits>

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std::numeric_limits<T>::min()

std::numeric_limits<T>::max()

std::numeric_limits<T>::lowest()

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Floating point

-3.40282e+38 0 1.17549e-38 3.40282e+38

lowest min max

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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Signed Integer

0 -32768 32767

lowest min max

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Unsigned Integer(Short)

0 0 65535

lowest min max

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Reference Doc https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/numeric_limits

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Math Functions

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#include <cmath>

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std::abs() std::cos()
std::floor() std::ceil()

std::exp() std::log() std::pow()

std::sin() std::tan()
std::sqrt() std::round
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The C++ 20 Masterclass : From Fundamentals to Advanced © Daniel Gakwaya
Reference Doc https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/header/cmath

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𝑥
exp x = e

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Weird Integral Types

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Integral types less than 4 bytes in size
don’t support arithmetic operations

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char short int

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Conversion to int

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The same behavior is present on other operators
like bitwise shift operators ( >> and << ) .

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Operations on data : Summary

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