Noida INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

PRACTICLE

FILE

ON

SPSS

SUBMITTED BY
Name – Tarique Nawaj
Course- MBA(DUAL)
SECTION- C, 2nd SEM
Enrollment no-24020271358

NIU-24-26070. SUBMITTED TO

Dr. Prince Kumar

Assistant professor

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude and appreciate the

trust laid in my faculty guide Dr. Prince Kumar who gave me the golden
opportunity to this project on -SPSS LAB PRACTICAL FILE. I gained a good
experience and knowledge on my topic working under the guidance of
my faculty guide. I also came to know about many new things which
polished my interest in doing this project secondly, I extend my sincere
gratitude to NOIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY for making us complete
the project in given time frame through the expert guidance. Lastly, I
would like to thank my parents, friends and all the people who helped
and me supported me during my and finalizing this project within a
limited time frame.

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 CERTIFICATION

Certification of completion
This is to certify that Tarique Nawaj PRF No.-NIU 24-26070 has successfully completed the
nd
SPS lab Practical File for MBA (dual) 2 Sem section- C for the academic session 2024-2025
This file includes PPT handouts a SPSS finds its uses in various fields with one basic application
i.e. to hold and analyze huge amount of data sheet which demonstrates their understanding of
SPSS LAB as required in the syllabus.

Submitted by
Tarique Nawaj

Submitted to
Dr. Prince Kumar

X
Dr. Prince Kumar
Assistant Professor

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 INTRODUCTION
SPSS Statistics is a software package used for statistical analysis. Long
produced by SPSS Inc., it was acquired by IBM in 2009. The current
versions (2014) are officially named IBM SPSS Statistics.

SPSS is a widely used program for statistical analysis in social science. It is also used
by market researchers, health researchers, survey companies, government,
education researchers, marketing organizations, data miners, and others.

The many features of SPSS Statistics are accessible via pull-down menus or can be
programmed with a proprietary 4GL command syntax language. Command syntax
programming has the benefits of reproducibility, simplifying repetitive tasks, and
handling complex data manipulations and analyses. Additionally, some complex
applications can only be programmed in syntax and are not accessible through the
menu structure. The pull-down menu interface also generates command syntax; this
can be displayed in the output, although the default settings have to be changed to
make the syntax visible to the user. They can also be pasted into a syntax file using
the "paste" button present in each menu.

SPSS Statistics places constraints on internal file structure, data types, data
processing, and matching files, which together considerably simplify programming.
SPSS datasets have a two-dimensional table structure, where the rows typically
represent cases (such as individuals or households) and the columns represent
measurements (such as age, sex, or household income). Only two data types are
defined: numeric and text (or "string").
All data processing occurs sequentially case-by-case through the file. Files can be matched
one-to-one and one-to-many but not many-to-many. The graphical user interface has two
views which can be toggled by clicking on one of the two tabs in the bottom left of the SPSS
Statistics window. The 'Data View' shows a spreadsheet view of the cases (rows) and
variables (columns). Unlike spreadsheets, the data cells can only contain numbers or text, and
formulas cannot be stored in these cells. The 'Variable View' displays the metadata dictionary
where each row represents a variable and shows the variable name, variable label, value
label(s), print width, measurement type, and a variety of other characteristics. Cells in both
views can be manually edited, defining the file structure and allowing data entry without
using command syntax. This may be sufficient for small datasets. Larger datasets such as
statistical surveys are more often created in data entry software, or entered during
computer-assisted personal interviewing, by scanning and using optical character recognition
and optical mark recognition software, or by direct capture from online questionnaires.
These datasets are then read into SPSS.
SPSS Statistics can read and write data from ASCII text files (including
hierarchical files), other statistics packages, spreadsheets and databases

APPLICATION OF SPSS IN VARIOUS FIELDS

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SPSS finds its uses in various fields with one basic
application i.e. to hold and analyze huge amount of data.
It is used in fields such as:
1. Stock Exchange
2. Used by Cosmologists
3. Analyzing Census Data
4. Marketing
5. Survey Companies
6. Other Purposes Include Educational researches, etc.

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 INDEX

1. Installation Process of SPSS

Step 1: Go to the official IBM SPSS website or your
college/institution portal if they provide it.
Step 2: Download the correct version for your
computer (Windows/Mac)

2. Data Fill Process in SPSS

Step 1: Open SPSS and go to the “Data View” tab.
Step 2: Start entering your data row by row (each
row = one person or case).

3. Functions of SPSS (2-Point Summary)

Data Analysis Made Easy: SPSS helps you analyze
large sets of data quickly using statistics like
averages, trends, correlations, and regression.

Visual & Report Tools: It allows you to create

graphs, charts, and tables automatically to explain
your data in a simple way.

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 OBJECTIVE:1
Transportation of data set to SPSS editor

 INPUTS:
FILES: Book1.xlxs, state.txt

 PROCEDURE FOLLOWED:
 Through excel

 COMMANDS:
File-->Open-->Data

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 OUTPUT
FILE: Book1.sav

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 DATA VIEW

VARIABLE VIEW

 THROUGH A TEXT FILE

 COMMANDS:
File-->Read Text Data

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 OUTPUT

DATA VIEW

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 VARIABLE VIEW

 CONCLUSION

Any document file in excel ,text etc. formats can be transported to

SPSS editor window.

 PRECAUTIONS

 There should be proper spacing between variables in a text in a file.

 Extensions of the files should be strictly taken care of.

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 OBJECTIVE
Demonstrate the following in a SPSS file :
 Filtering of Data
 Splitting of File According to Variable(s)

 INPUTS :

Files : "car_sales.sav"

 PROCEDURE

 Filtering Of Data

 Open "car_sales.sav" from the samples provided along with the software.
 Data > Select Cases
 Choose the radio button saying "If condition is satisfied".
 Click on the "if" button.
 Specify the condition in the dialog box that opens.

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 Click on "Continue".

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 Click on "OK".

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 Splitting of File According to Variable(s)

File : "car_sales_splitting.sav"

CONCLUSION:

Small extracts of very large document files can be viewed easily

through splitting and filtering of data on given specific cases.

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 PRECAUTIONS :

 Extensions of the files should be strictly taken care of.

 The conditional statements on the basis of which the file is being split should be
given carefully.

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 OBJECTIVE

Give a program for finding the sum of obtained marks in a set of

Multiple Choice Questions for 5 students, if correct answers of "Q1",
"Q2" and "Q3" are "d", "b" and "a" respectively.

 INPUT

OBJECTIVE5.sav

 PROCEDURE

 Transform > Recode into Different Variables

 Select variable "Q1" and send it over to the right side.
 Type "A1" in the "Name" field and click on "Change" button.
 Click on the button saying "Old and New Values".
 Type the correct answer ("d" in case of Q1) in the "Value" field under "Old Value" and
give it the value "1" in the "Value" field under "New Value". Then, click on "Add".
 Choose the radio button saying "All other values" under "Old Value" and give them the
value "0" under "New Value". Then, click on "Add".
 Click on "Continue".
 Repeat Steps 2 to 7 for "Q2" and "Q3".
 Click on "OK".
 Transform > Compute Variable
 Give the name "Result" to the new variable.
 Select "All" under "Function Group" and then double click on "Sum" under
"Functions and Special Variables".
 Specify the variables whose sum is to be calculated, i.e. "A1", "A2" and "A3".
 Click on "OK".

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 RECODING INTO DIFFERENT VARIABLES

DEFINING OLD AND NEW VALUES FOR THE RECODING

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 THE VARIABLE RESULT CALCULATES THE TOTAL NO OF RIGHT ANSWERS

 OUTPUT :

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 CONCLUSION :

New variables have been created on the basis of the answers of the given
questions. Result is computed on the basis of number of questions
correctly answered by the student.

 PRECAUTIONS :

 The value of the new variable should be given carefully depending on the correct
answer.
 The numeric expression for the target variable should be given carefully and properly.

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 OBJECTIVE

Write a program to find and replace missing values in data.

 INPUT:
OBJECTIVE6.sav

THE FIELD AVGMARKS HAS SOME MISSING VALUES

 PROCEDURE:

1. Transform --> Replace Missing Values

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2. Select the variable which contains missing values and add and rename it
according to convenience and press the change button.

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 3. Choose the method Series mean.

THE MISSING VALUES ARE REPLACED BY THE MEAN OF THE SERIES.

4. Similarly, choose the methods Mean of Nearby Points

as the method to replace missing variables
5.

THE VALUE OF FIRST AND THE LAST VARIABLES ARE STILL EMPTY BECAUSE THERE ARE
NO NEARBY VARIABLES ABOVE AND BELOW THEM RESPECTIVELY AND THE VALUE OF
14TH VARIABLE IS STILL EMPTY BECAUSE THE NO OF NEARBY VARIABLES WAS TAKEN
TO BE 2 AND AVERAGE CAN'T BE CALCULATED
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