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L.I. 1934 Electricity Transmission (Technical, Operational and Standards of Performance) Rules, 2008

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
8 views16 pages

L.I. 1934 Electricity Transmission (Technical, Operational and Standards of Performance) Rules, 2008

Uploaded by

shambel assefa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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L.I.

1934

ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION (TECHNICAL, OPERATIONAL


AND STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE) RULES, 2008

ARRANGEMENT OF REGULATIONS
Regulation
Purpose and application
1. Purpose
2. Application
3. National interconnected transmission system
4. Requirement for transmission licence

Obligations of the Utility and grid participants


5. Obligations of the Utility as transmission system operator
6. Responsibilities of transmission system asset owners
7. Responsibilities of utility as vested owner of transmission system
8. Obligations of wholesale supplier
9. Obligations of distribution utilities and bulk customers
10. Additional obligations of grid participants

Management & governance of the transmission system


11. Preparation and issue of the Grid Code
12. Equal application of Grid Code
13. Publication of procedures
14. Transparency
Compliance and oversight
15. Transmission system oversight
16. Functions of Electricity Technical Committee regarding
transmission system
17. Exercise of discretion
18. Conduct of utility
Contents of the Grid Code

19. Reporting
20. Parts of the Grid Code
21. Planning Sub-Code
22. Connection Sub-Code
23. Standards of Performance rules
24. Technical rules of practice
25. Operations Sub-Code
26. Scheduling and Dispatch Sub-Code
27. Safety Sub-Code
28. Metering Sub-Code
29. Complaints and resolution of disputes
30. Revision of Grid Code

Miscellaneous
31. Offences
32. Transitional provisions
33. Interpretations
SCHEDULE

ii
L.I. 1934

ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION (TECHNICAL, OPERATIONAL AND


STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE) RULES, 2008

In exercise of the powers conferred on the Board of the Energy Commission by


sections 27 and 28 of the Energy Commission Act, 1997 (Act 541) these Rules are
made this 4th day of June, 2008.

Purpose and application


Purpose
1. (1) These rules
(a) define the national interconnected transmission system; and
(b) establish the requirements, procedures, practices and standards
that govern the development, operation, maintenance and use
of the high voltage national interconnected transmission
system.
(2) The rules shall ensure that the transmission system provides a fair,
transparent, non discriminatory, open access, safe, reliable, secure and cost efficient
transmission and delivery of electricity.

Application
2. (1) These rules shall apply to the Utility and persons connected to the
transmission system including:
(a) wholesale electricity suppliers licensed by the Commission,
(b) electricity distribution utilities licensed by the Commission, and
(c) bulk customers of electricity duly authorised by the
Commission.
(2) The Utility, as the independent operator of the transmission system, is
not a grid participant.
(3) A grid participant is a person who has a valid Connection Agreement
with the Utility to:
(a) construct, own and connect a facility to the transmission
system infrastructure;
(b) inject, wheel, or off-take power for its own use or for retail
(c) provide ancillary services, or
(d) exchange power either with the electricity networks of
neighbouring countries or within the West African Power Pool.

National interconnected transmission system


3. The transmission system shall comprise electricity plant and equipment
within the borders of Ghana that function or are operated at any voltage higher than
36kV as well as any associated feeder or supply equipment that are for shared or for
common use.

1
Requirement for transmission licence
4. The Utility shall be granted a transmission licence by the Commission.

Obligations of the Utility and grid participants

Obligations of the Utility as transmission system operator


5. (1) The Utility shall independently operate the transmission system to offer
fair, transparent, open access and non-discriminatory services in accordance with the
prescribed quality to grid participants.
(2) The Utility shall operate the transmission system to provide services in
accordance with the Performance Reliability Standards.
(3) Without limiting the effect of sub-rules (1) and (2), the Utility shall
(a) operate the transmission system equipment, installations and
facilities in accordance with the operating instructions and
guidelines for the respective equipment and in accordance with
Prudent Utility Practice,
(b) provide open, fair and non-discriminatory access and
connection to the transmission system for applicants, licensees
and grid participants, in accordance with the regulations and
provisions of these Rules,
(c) plan for the expansion of the transmission system to adequately
meet the requirements of forecast demand growth, potential
generation, customers and reliability standards,
(d) schedule generation to meet forecast demand in accordance
with merit order principles,
(e) carry out real-time operations including dispatching and
controlling the output of the generating units to ensure
reliability and economic operation of the transmission system;
(f) control and operate the transmission system to ensure the
security of the network, within its technical limits and in
accordance with the provisions of these Rules,
(g) undertake outage planning and maintenance coordination for
equipment and facilities which will or are likely to impact on
the reliability of the transmission system,
(h) plan, develop, install and maintain an adequate central
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system together
with necessary associated backups, telecommunication systems
and remote terminal units at transmission substations and
generating stations and coordinate their expansion and
upgrade,
(i) provide, install, operate and maintain the main bulk supply
metering system of the transmission system,
(j) administer power supply and power purchase transactions;

2
(k) monitor and record capacity and energy balance and perform
the accounting and billing function in respect of the
transmission system as well as other supply services,
(l) coordinate the operations and liaise with interconnected
utilities and the West African Power Pool Secretariat to carry
out studies and analyses to ensure reliable operation of the
West African Power Pool,
(m) develop a system operation manual for the coordinated
operation of the transmission system,
(n) supervise and ensure adherence to safety rules by grid
participants, and
(o) perform any other service that may be determined by the
Commission from time to time.
(4) The Utility shall collect information and data, publish reports and
disseminate the information with regards to the performance of the transmission
system.
(5) The Utility shall liaise with the Public Utilities Regulatory Commission
and grid participants to develop and ensure consistent and effective application of
detailed procedures and manuals which will be approved by the Commission and will
form part of the Grid Code.
(6) The Utility shall operate the transmission system efficiently and in
accordance with these Rules and the Grid Code.

Responsibilities of transmission system asset owners


6. A transmission system asset owner shall
(a) vest in or delegate to the Utility the authority to grant and
control connections to its facilities in order to facilitate open,
fair and non-discriminatory access to its transmission assets by
other grid participants;
(b) design, install and maintain its transmission equipment to meet
system performance and reliability requirements;
(c) design, install and maintain its protection system to ensure
timely disconnection of faulty facilities and equipment;
(d) execute the instructions of the Utility with respect to system
operation limits and performance standards;
(e) cooperate with the Utility and other grid participants in the
discharge of system security responsibilities; and
(f) provide accurate and timely data and information to the Utility;
and
(g) implement the system expansion plans developed by the
Utility.

Responsibilities of the Utility as vested owner of transmission system


7. The Utility shall be responsible to:

3
(a) grant and control connections to the transmission system in order
to facilitate open, fair and non-discriminatory access to the
transmission assets by other grid participants;
(b) co-ordinate the design, installation and maintenance of the
transmission equipment to meet system performance and
reliability requirements;
(c) co-ordinate the design, installation and maintenance of the
protection system to ensure timely disconnection of faulty
facilities and equipment; and
(d) coordinate the implementation of system expansion plans
developed by the Utility.

Obligations of wholesale supplier


8. A wholesale supplier’s obligations with respect to the transmission
system are:
(a) to design, install and maintain its plant and equipment to meet
the requirements of the Connection Sub-code and other relevant
regulations;
(b) to observe at all times the applicable requirements and conditions
of connection for generating units according to agreements with
the Utility and relevant transmission system asset owners;
(c) to provide the Utility with information on its available capacities
and the operational constraints to its generation units in order to
facilitate dispatch under emergency system operating situations;
(d) to develop maintenance plans for its equipment and provide
necessary information to the Utility for outage planning and
maintenance coordination;
(e) to operate its plant and equipment in accordance with the
dispatch instructions of the Utility and to meet system
performance and reliability requirements in a manner that is
consistent with the reliable operation of the transmission system;
and
(f) to provide accurate and timely data and reports to the Utility.

Obligations of distribution utilities and bulk customers


9. A distribution utility’s or a bulk customer’s obligations with respect to
the transmission system are to
(a) operate its distribution network or the facility connected to the
transmission system so as to ensure safe and reliable operation to
meet reliability standards,
(b) comply with the operational instructions of the Utility in a
manner that is consistent with the reliable operation of the
transmission system,

4
(c) ensure that its facility or network operations do not degrade the
performance of the transmission system by taking the necessary
measures to promptly remedy any degradation, and
(d) procure and deploy adequate reactive electricity compensation
and other devices to meet the obligations under these Rules and
the Grid Code.

Additional obligations of grid participants


10. A grid participant shall maintain and operate its equipment forming
part of its facilities in accordance with
(a) the relevant laws,
(b) permits granted,
(c) Prudent Utility Practice, and
(d) applicable international standards.

Management and Governance of the transmission system

Preparation and issue of the Grid Code


11. The Commission shall prepare and issue the Grid Code to govern the
technical operation of the national interconnected transmission system.

Uniform application of Grid Code


12. (1) The Grid Code shall be equally and uniformly applied to all entities.
(2) There shall be equitable treatment with regard to conditions and
situations that are similar.

Publication of procedures
13. (1) The Utility shall develop and publish in detail the requirements,
qualifications and administrative procedures to be fulfilled or followed by those
seeking to be provided services by the Utility.
(2) The requirements in sub-rule (1) shall include technical standards for
connecting equipment, communication, operating parameters and performance
benchmarks for service provision.
(3) The qualifications in sub-rule (1) shall include legal, financial and
technical qualifications to be fulfilled.
(4) Administrative procedures in sub-rule (1) shall include administrative,
financial, technical and any other procedures to be followed prior to the
commissioning of the connection as well as the obligations of the grid participant for
the continued operation of the connection.
(5) The Utility shall make available to the public copies of the Grid Code
and all related publications upon the payment of a prescribed fee.

5
Transparency
14. (1) The Utility shall conduct its affairs as the transmission system operator
in accordance with published rules, regulations and procedures that are known to
interested parties such that all its actions are predictable and in accordance with the
Grid Code.
(2) There shall be transparency in all decisions, procedures, application of
rules, regulations and charges of the Utility regarding participation in the development
of the transmission system, connections to the transmission system, utilisation of
transmission system services, and allocation of resources and costs of service
provision.
(3) To ensure transparency in access, use and operation of the transmission
system, only fees and charges that have previously been published by the Utility may
be levied on applicants or participants and the dispatch of generating plants shall
strictly follow the procedures prescribed in the Scheduling and Dispatch Sub-Code.

Compliance and Oversight

Transmission system oversight


15. The Electricity Technical Committee established under section 29 of
the Act has the mandate to oversee the activities and decisions of the Utility towards
ensuring the attainment of the objectives of the transmission system.

Functions of Electricity Technical Committee regarding transmission system


16. (1) The primary function of the Electricity Technical Committee with
respect to the transmission system is to have technical oversight of the operations of
the Utility to ensure transparency, consistency and fairness for grid participants.
(2) Without limiting the effect of sub-rule (1), the responsibilities of the
Committee with respect to the transmission system are
(a) to monitor the general performance of the transmission system
functions of the Utility and make appropriate recommendations
to the Commission,
(b) to make appropriate recommendations for the smooth
operation of the transmission system,
(c) to review the operations of the transmission system as well as
studies relating to its development,
(d) to review procedures, manuals and the Grid Code for the safe,
efficient and reliable operation of the transmission system and
make appropriate recommendations to the Commission,
(e) to resolve disputes referred to it by grid participants,
(f) to ensure the effective and consistent application of the rules
and standards in the Grid Code, and
(g) to perform any other functions conferred on it by the
Commission.

6
(3) The Committee shall submit quarterly report of its activities to the
Commission on its assessment of the Utility’s governance and administration of the
Grid Code and make recommendations as may be found appropriate.

Exercise of discretion
17. (1) A person or the Utility shall not take a decision regarding the usage of
or provision of services by the transmission system that is incompatible or inconsistent
with the Grid Code.
(2) The Utility shall provide reasons in writing to the Commission for its
decisions where it exercises discretionary power.

Conduct of the Utility


18. (1) The Utility shall be responsible for the good governance and
management of the transmission system in accordance with the Grid Code.
(2) The Utility shall not act on advice, directions or instructions that may
subvert the fundamental principles of fairness, transparency, non-discrimination and
open access in the governance and management of the transmission system.

Reporting
19. The Utility shall provide information to the Public Utilities Regulatory
Commission and the Commission on the performance of the transmission system in a
form and at such times determined by the Commission.

Contents of the Grid Code


Parts of the Grid Code
20. The Grid Code shall consist of:
a) a Planning Sub-Code
b) a Connection Sub-Code
c) standards of performance rules
d) technical rules of practice
e) a Metering Sub-Code
f) complaints and dispute resolution
g) transitional provisions

Planning Sub-Code
21. (1) The Planning Sub-Code shall specify the planning responsibility for
grid developments and policy, organisational procedures, standards or criteria to be
applied.
(2) The Planning Sub-Code shall indicate information required to be
supplied by grid participants to facilitate the evaluation of:
(a) impact of the connection of new facilities,
(b) identification of congestion, and
(c) the planning for expansion or development of the transmission
network having regard to its adequacy to meet the needs of all
users.

7
(3) Without limiting sub-rules (1) and (2), the Planning Sub-Code shall
address issues including
(a) the responsibility for planning of the grid,
(b) the formulation of a grid development plan and procedures for its
implementation,
(c) the grid planning criteria to be adopted, and
(d) the sources of data for preparing grid planning studies.

Connection Sub-Code
22. (1) The Connection Sub-Code shall set out the basic rules and conditions
for connection and access to the transmission system or to a grid participant’s system.
(2) Without limiting sub-rule (1), the Connection Sub-Code shall:
(a) provide the framework, rules and guidelines for connection to
the transmission system to facilitate the harmonious and
coordinated development of the transmission system;
(b) set out the principles and rules governing access to transmission
system services;
(c) establish the procedures to be followed by a grid participant to
set up or modify a connection to the transmission system;
(d) specify the technical, design and operational criteria at the grid
participant’s connection point; and
(e) define the data exchange requirements between the grid
participant and the Utility.

Standards of Performance rules


23. (1) The Standards of Performance rules shall specify the minimum
technical performance benchmarks for monitoring the operations of the Utility and the
grid participants including matters relating to
(a) voltage stability,
(b) maximum number of scheduled and unscheduled outages,
(c) number and duration of load shedding periods, and
(d) metering.
.
(2) Without limiting the effect of sub-rule (1), the Standards of
Performance Sub-Code shall
(a) define the minimum level of quality of electric power supply in
the transmission system,
(b) define the minimum reliability standards, benchmarks and
performance targets for the transmission system,
(c) establish standards and mechanisms for information and data
exchange and disclosures among the Utility and grid
participants, and
(d) define monitoring and event reporting standards to be applied
by the Utility.

8
Technical rules of practice
24. The technical rules of practice shall consist of
(a) the Operations Sub-Code,
(b) the Scheduling and Dispatch sub-code, and
(c) the Safety Sub-Code.

Operations Sub-Code
25. (1) The Operations Sub-Code shall define
(a) the general operations arrangements,
(b) the obligations of grid participants, and
(c) the policies, criteria and procedures
required to ensure a coordinated operation of the transmission system in a manner
consistent with the security of supply and reliability requirements.
(2) The security of supply and reliability requirements shall be set out in a
Technical Schedule approved by the Commission taking into account any expected or
real constraints on the generation and transmission systems.

Scheduling and Dispatch Sub-Code


26. (1) There shall be established a transparent scheduling and dispatch
process that will ensure that the varying demand on the grid is met in the most
economic manner bearing in mind the limitations on the transmission system, security
and other relevant requirements of the transmission system.
(2) Without limiting the effect of sub-rule (1), the Scheduling and Dispatch
Sub-code shall define, among others, the following:
(a) responsibilities of the Utility, generating plants, retailers and
bulk customers in the scheduling and dispatch process,
including suppliers and customers in the West African Power
Pool system;
(b) load forecasting obligations, procedures and methodologies;
(c) operational criteria for the preparation of the generation
schedule and procedures for issuance of dispatch instructions;
(d) the process and requirements for the preparation of the
generation schedule;
(e) the central dispatch procedures; and
(f) requirements relating to the availability for dispatch of
sufficient ancillary services including regulation and reserve
services, reactive power support and voltage control and black
start services so that the system operator can maintain the
reliability of the grid, including requirements under emergency
conditions.
Safety Sub-Code
27. (1) The Safety Sub-Code shall set out the safety arrangements which
govern the interface between the Utility’s network and grid participants’ facilities in
order to ensure safe working conditions for personnel working on or in close
proximity to transmission system equipment or equipment at the connection points.

9
(2) Without limiting sub-rule (1), the Safety rules shall define procedures
and responsibilities for achieving safety of persons from inherent dangers and shall
include the following provisions:
(a) to make available the equipment concerned for the work;
(b) to establish safe conditions for work;
(c) to authorise the commencement of work;
(d) to receive the authority to commence work and execute the
work;
(e) to supervise safety during the work and clearing the authority
when the work is terminated or completed;
(f) to cancel the authority on termination on completion of the
work; and
(g) to restore the system to normal.

Metering Sub-Code
28. (1) The Metering Sub-Code sets out the requirements for standards,
procedures and guidelines in respect of metering at the connection points within the
national interconnected transmission system in order to ensure accurate and
transparent accounting, billing and settlement for energy sales and purchase
transactions.
(2) Without limiting sub-rule (1), the Metering Sub-code shall
(a) set out provisions relating to design, specifications, installation,
maintenance and testing of metering installation equipment, and
(b) describe provisions relating to security and rights of access to
metering data, settlement and auditing.

Complaints and resolution of disputes


29. (1) The procedure for filing complaints and the resolution of disputes
among the Utility and grid participants shall be specified in the Grid Code.
(2) Without limiting other provisions of these Regulations, a dispute
concerning the Grid Code shall be settled by negotiation between the parties.
(3) Where the dispute cannot be resolved by negotiation, the parties shall
refer the matter for mediation.
(4) Where the mediation fails, the matter shall be referred to the
Commission which shall set up an arbitration panel under the Arbitration Act, 1961
(Act 38) and settle any dispute where the grid participants cannot reach an agreement.

Revision of Grid Code


30. (1) The Commission shall be responsible for the revision of the Grid Code.
(2) Proposals for Grid Code revision shall be in writing and be submitted
to the Commission.
(3) The Commission shall receive, register and acknowledge submissions
and notify the grid participants of such proposals and make copies available to them
for comments.

10
Miscellaneous

Offences and penalties


31. (1) Where the Utility or a grid participant contravenes any obligation imposed
under these Regulations, the Commission may impose a penalty on the grid participant
or the Utility as specified in the Schedule.
(2) A person who contravenes a provision of these Regulations commits an
offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine of not more than two hundred
and fifty penalty units or term of imprisonment of not more than one year or both.
(3) Where an offence under these Regulations is committed by a body corporate, a
partnership or other firm, every director or officer of that body corporate or any
member of the partnership or firm or other person concerned with the management of
the grid participant or the Utility shall be considered to have committed the offence
and is on summary conviction, liable to pay a penalty not exceeding one thousand
penalty units or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding five years or to both.

Transitional provisions
32. Until the coming into force of the Grid Code the Utility shall operate
the transmission system based on existing rules and Prudent Utility Practice.

Interpretations
33. In these Regulations, unless the context otherwise requires –

“Act” means the Energy Commission Act, 1997, (Act 541);

“asset owner” means a person who owns in whole or in part the transmission system
infrastructure or any facility connected to the national interconnected transmissions
system.

“ancillary services” means a service necessary to support the transmission of energy


from generation resources to loads while maintaining reliable operation of the
transmission system;

“black start” means start-up of a generating unit from a source other than the grid such
as a diesel generator;

“bulk customer” means a customer that purchases or receives electric power of such
amount or level as the Commission may specify;

“Commission” means the Energy Commission established under the Act;

“Committee” means the Electricity Technical Committee;

11
“Connection Agreement” means an agreement between the Utility and a grid
participant that seeks connection of its facilities to the national interconnected
transmission system that sets out the rights, obligations and liabilities of both parties;

“connection point” means the point of physical linkage to or with the transmission
system for the purpose of enabling the flow of electricity as the boundary between the
transmission system and a facility or other equipment;

“dispatch” means the operating control of an integrated electric system to assign


specific generating units and other sources of supply to meet the relevant demand as
the load rises or falls;

“distribution utility” means a person licensed under the Act to distribute and sell
electricity without discrimination to consumers in an area or zone designated by the
Commission;

“Electricity Technical Committee” means the Electricity sub-committee of the


Electricity and Natural Gas Technical Committee established under section 29 of the
Act;

“Grid Code” means National Electricity Grid Code

“National Electricity Grid Code” means technical, operational rules of practice and
standards of performance rules developed and approved of by the Commission;

“grid development plan” means a ten-year transmission development plan developed


and continuously updated by the Electricity Transmission Utility to ensure a
coordinated development of the National Interconnected Transmission System to
provide adequate transmission transfer capacity without discrimination;

“grid participant” means a wholesale supplier, distribution utility or bulk customer


whose facilities are connected to the National Interconnected Transmission System;

“merit order” means ranking in order of which generation plant should be used, based
on ascending order of price together with amounts of electricity that will be generated;

“Minister” means the Minister responsible for Energy;

“national interconnected transmission system” means all electricity plant and


equipment within the borders of the country that function or are operated at any
voltage higher than 36 kilovolts as well as any associated feeder or supply equipment
that are for shared or common use;

“Performance Reliability Standards” means a set of standards established in the


National Electricity Grid Code for the purpose of monitoring the performance of the
Electricity Transmission Utility in the delivery of its services;

12
“person” includes a body corporate, whether corporation aggregate or corporation sole
and an unincorporated body of persons as well as an individual;

“Prudent Utility Practice” means the generally accepted design, practices, methods and
operation of a power system, to achieve safety, dependability, efficiency and
economy, and to meet utility and industry codes, standards and regulations;

“real-time dispatch” means a schedule determined by the market clearing engine that
contains the actual quantities of energy, reserve and regulation schedule in respect of a
registered facility;

“regulation” means the frequent adjustment to a generator’s output so that any power
system frequency variations or imbalances between load and the output from
generation facilities can be corrected;

“reserve” means an ancillary service consisting of generation capacity that is available


to, or load that can be interrupted by the Electricity Transmission Utility in the event
of an unexpected outage of a scheduled plant;

“system operation manual” means a manual setting out the policies, procedures,
practices or system adjustments that may be automatically or manually implemented
by the system operator within a specified timeframe to maintain the operational
integrity of the national interconnected transmission system;

“transmission system” means the national interconnected transmission system

“Utility” means the public utility granted a licence under section 23(2) of the Energy
Commission Act, 1997 (Act 541) to transmit electricity throughout the country;

“Vested Owner” means a person granted authority to take ownership control over an
item or asset;

“West African Power Pool” means the ECOWAS subregional organization established
to create a pool and associated interconnection and other relevant infrastructure to
facilitate cross border electricity trading among participating member countries with
the objective of optimizing the production and utilization of energy resources in the
subregion;

“wholesale supplier” means a person licensed under the Act to install and operate a
facility to procure or produce electricity for sale to a bulk customer or to a distribution
company for distribution and sale to consumers.

13
SCHEDULE

Prescribed Penalty in respect of Rule 31(1)

Category Amount (GH¢)

Utility 3,000

Wholesale supplier 2,500

Distribution utility 2,000

Bulk customer 2,000

PROF. F.K.A. ALLOTEY


CHAIRMAN OF THE ENERGY COMMISSION

14

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