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correlation & regression (Biostatistics)

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5 views

correlation & regression (Biostatistics)

Uploaded by

selesmab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Correlation and regression:

Correlation:
Sometime two continuous characters or
variables are measured in the same person
such as height and weight, temperature and
pulse rate, age and weight etc. The relationship
or association between two continuous
(quantitative) variable is called correlation.

Correlation coefficient:
The measure of degree
of association between
variables is known as correlation
coefficient. It is
generally denoted by 'r'.
NOTE: Correlation coefficient lies
between -1 to
+1 i.e.(-1 Sr ≤ +1)
1. Scatter diagram:
Graphical method.
In this method, one of two variables say
X, is taken along the horizontal axis and
other say Y is taken along vertical axis.
It gives the direction of correlation but
fails to give the degree of correlation.

2. Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient:


• It is the mathematical method to
measure the degree of relationship
between two continuous variables(
quantitative variables).
• It is denoted by
Coefficient of determination( r2):
It is square of coefficient of correlation .It has
always lies between 0 to 1. It explains the
amount of change in dependent variable (Y)
due to change of independent variable (X).
For e.g. if r = 0.8 then r2 = 0.64, it means that
64% amount in change in Y variable can be
explained by the change in X variable.
Methods of calculating rank correlation coefficient
1. When ranks are
given
2. When ranks are not given
3. When ranks are tied
Regression analysis:
Correlation gives the degree of association
between two variables. But regression is the
estimation or prediction of one variables on the
basis of other variables.
e.g. estimation of height when age is known.
when two variables are linearly
This is possible
correlated. Here height to be estimated is
dependent variable and age is known as
independent variable.

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