International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)

Vol. 14, No. 2, June 2025, pp. 412~420

ISSN: 2252-8792, DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i2.pp412-420  412

Grid connected solar water pumping system

Mula Sreenivasa Reddy1, Banda Srinivas Raja2, Movva Naga Venkata Kiranbabu3,
Muzammil Parvez4, Syed Inthiyaz4, Nelaturi Nanda Prakash5, Bodapati Venkata Rajanna1,
Guntukala Surendher6
1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
2
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Godavari Global University (GGU), Rajamahendravaram, India
3
Department of Computer Science Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
4
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
5
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chalapathi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Guntur, India
6
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Neil Gogte Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history: A grid-connected solar water pumping system (SWPS) uses solar power to
pump water while simultaneously drawing power from the grid when
Received Apr 10, 2023 necessary. These systems can benefit farmers in a variety of ways, including
Revised Nov 21, 2024 reliable power, lower electric bills, increased income, and improved
Accepted Nov 28, 2024 economic viability. This study explores a solar photovoltaic (SPV) water
pumping system designed to function with a single-phase distribution
network. It utilizes an induction motor drive (IMD) and incorporates an
Keywords: advanced power-sharing technique for optimal performance. In addition to
transferring power from SPV to IMD, a DC-DC boost converter functions as
DC-DC boost converter a grid interface and power factor adjustment device. Maximizing the power
Induction motor drive extracted from the SPV array is critical for optimizing its utilization. To do
Maximum power point tracking this, a control mechanism based on incremental conductance is implemented
Power factor correction to track maximum power points. Simultaneously, the IMD connected to the
Solar photovoltaic power source inverter is regulated using a simple volt/frequency approach.
The suggested system, which includes standalone, grid-interfaced, and
mixed-mode situations, is developed and validated in a lab.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Corresponding Author:
Mula Sreenivasa Reddy
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology
Dundigal, Hyderabad-500043, Telangana, India
Email: sreenivasareddy.mula@mlrinstitutions.ac.in

1. INTRODUCTION
As global energy demand continues to increase, solar photovoltaic (SPV) electricity generation is
emerging as the leading non-conventional energy source [1]. Considering its potential, SPV technology is a
great fit for the creation of distributed networks in smart grids. In the coming years, it is expected that the
cost of photovoltaic cells will drop significantly. There are many uses for water, such as drinking, irrigation,
household use, raising cattle, and industrial processes. Since essential in use electricity this purpose is still
being made [2]. As intelligent power-sharing concepts are introduced prevalent [3]. Moreover, it turns out to
be an affordable option because it does away with the requirement for storage devices like batteries. There
has been a reported [4]. In contrast, standalone SPV systems frequently rely on energy storage devices, such
as batteries. On the other hand, if grid supply is available, grid-supported SPV water pumping technologies
are advised due to battery-related concerns such a short lifespan, harmful substances, and acid leakage in
lead-acid batteries [5]. Jain et al. [6] provide details on a hybrid water pump that can be powered. However, a
system as a whole is not suited for high-power pumping requirements since the electricity from the inverter

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Int J Appl Power Eng ISSN: 2252-8792  413

to the pump is transferred through an oversized and expensive transformer. Furthermore, a 185 mH high-
value inductor connect, which presents problems for irrigation and farm in applications.
Numerous lacking grid interaction and power quality improvement features [7]-[9]. In notably, in
this system utilize capacitors to meet reactive power requirements, introducing concerns about the reliability
of capacitors as a system component. Furthermore, the suitability of wind energy conversion systems
(WECS) for high-power generation systems raise questions about its justification for capital investment in
small capacity pumps under 10 hp.
Efficient solar photovoltaic achieved through, as detailed in [10]-[12]. Various use, discussing its
advantages and disadvantages [13], [14]. It is asserted, approach is particularly user-friendly with high
tracking efficiency. Additionally, it automatically adjusts the step size to attain the maximum power point
(MPP), enhancing response under different conditions. He introduced a novel maximum power point tracking
technique that achieves efficient MPP tracking using only one sensor, simplifying the overall system.
Another proposed technique, outlined in [15], [16], focuses on reducing steady-state losses at MPP by
incorporating idle operation at that point. Furthermore, nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms have been
employed for MPP tracking [17], but their performance may decline during transients due to algorithmic
complexity. Enhancements to the INC algorithm have been suggested, involving the intelligent update of the
step-up converter while LC resonance is discussed.
In contemporary times, the primary contributors to the deterioration of power quality in distribution
networks are large motors and power converters [18], [19]. The connection of these devices to the
distribution network adversely affects power quality, leading to poor conditions for industries, commercial
establishments, and households. The presence of large induction motor drives (IMDs) at the point of common
coupling, along with unbalanced, further exacerbates the power issues [20].
Addressing this challenge, incorporating. While this method effectively serves, it does not delve into
the aspect of power transferring from energy sources. Other works focus on power factor and efficiency
improvement with innovative IMD concepts [21], [22], emphasizing efficiency and power factor
improvements without delving into the topic of power sharing among several sources. Roggia et al. [23]
emphasizes the use of a DC-DC boost converter for power factor correction (PFC) and for maintaining the
DC bus voltage, with reports of power factor increase in [24], [25]. However, the complexity of controllers
used in these studies raises concerns about computational burden.
The final values demonstrate the step-up converter effectively of the grid current below the limits
specified by the IEEE-519 standard. Additionally, in a buck-boost converter is employed enhance p.f of a
brushless DC drive. The model focuses on configuration, solar photovoltaic (SPV). In introduction highlights
necessity of an SPV-based water pumping system and provides an overview of existing literature. The
subsequent sections are organized as follows: Section 2 details the methodology, while section 3 shows
results and discussion. The conclusion section is outlined in section 4.

2. METHOD
2.1. Mode 1
Mode 1 is turned on when there is enough solar electricity for it to run independently. In this setup,
the boost converter on the photovoltaic (PV) side maintains the power (Vmp) baseline while working.
A proportional-integral and for the motor by controlling DC bus voltage as shown in Figure 1. Any variation
from reference value effects adjustment of power delivered to the pump. More specifically, when the DC bus
voltage rises over the value used for reference, the speed increases and surplus power is directed into the
pump; on the other hand, when the voltage falls down, speed decreases.

2.2. Mode 2
This mode is triggered when the solar panels are inactive or there is inadequate sunlight, such as at
night. This step involves connecting a diode bridge rectifier (DBR) to a single-phase power source. Due to
the inherent distortion, a voltage source inverter (VSI), an induction motor, boost converter, and DC link
capacitor are added later. But now that a converter has been incorporated, the system can pull. Discharge
while running at its rated speed as shown in Figure 2.

2.3. Mode 3
When the solar panels are unplugged or there is not enough sunshine, which occurs at night, this
mode is activated. In this case, an induction motor, inverter for voltage source (VSI). According to IEEE 519,
it is not permitted for the diode bridge that connects the rectifier with the DC link capacitor to draw current in
such a distorted manner. Nevertheless, the system can take sinusoidal electrical current from the AC mains
by integrating a power factor correction (PFC) boost converter. This method its maximum and produces that

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414  ISSN: 2252-8792

is in line with its rated capacity. The different modes of operations are shown in Figure 2. The equipment
specification is given in Table 1. The component specification is given in Table 2.

Figure 1. Grid connected solar water pumping system

Figure 2. Power flow diagram of solar water pumping system

Table 1. Equipment specification

S.No Parameter Specification
1 Solar panel 2.3 KW
2 Max power of solar module 210 W
3 MPPT voltage besides current of module 28.7 V and 7.32 A
4 Voltage besides current of MPPT 315.7 V and 7.32 A
5 The quantity of modules connected in series and parallel 11 and 1

Table 2. Component specification

S.No Component parameters Used values
1 Grid voltage (Vs) 230 V
2 DC link voltage (Vdc) 400 V
3 Solar irradiance 1000
4 DC link capacitor 2200 microfarad
5 PV side inductance 5 mH
6 Gride side inductance 6 mH

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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The research findings are presented in this section along with a thorough commentary. To help the
reader grasp the results clearly, figures, graphs, tables, and other visual aids are used to explain the findings.
The discussion is broken down into multiple subsections to cover different facets of the findings and offer a
comprehensive interpretation and analysis.

3.1. Mode 1 operation: when solar supply is connected

The results are illustrated in Figure 3. The first mode of operation for a solar water pumping system
is when the system is powered entirely by the solar panel array. The output power, voltage, and current vs time
graphs are shown in Figure 3(a). The zero output voltage and current vs time graph is shown in Figure 3(b).

3.2. Mode 2 operation: when grid supply is connected

The results are shown in Figure 4. When solar panels are detached or there is insufficient radiation,
such as at night, the system enters mode 2. In this mode, the system links a single-phase grid supply to a
diode bridge rectifier (DBR), boost converter, DC link capacitor, voltage source inverter (VSI), and an
induction motor. The output voltage and current vs time graphs are shown in Figure 4(a). The output power,
voltage, and current vs time graphs are shown in Figure 4(b).

(a)

(b)

Figure 3. The results of solar supply when connected: (a) output power, voltage, and current vs time and
(b) zero output voltage and current vs time
Grid connected solar water pumping system (Mula Sreenivasa Reddy)
416  ISSN: 2252-8792

(a)

(b)

Figure 4. The results of solar supply when connected: (a) voltage and current vs time and
(b) output power, voltage, and current vs time

3.3. Mode 3 operation: when both solar and grid are connected together
The results are shown in Figure 5. When power is available from both the SPV array and the grid,
the system is in mode 3. In this mode, the system uses the maximum available power from the PV source and
draws the remaining power from the grid supply. The output power, voltage, and current graphs are shown in
Figure 5(a). The output voltage and current vs time graphs are shown in Figure 5(b).

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Int J Appl Power Eng ISSN: 2252-8792  417

(a)

(b)

Figure 5. The results of solar supply when connected: (a) output power, voltage, and current vs time and
(b) output voltage and current vs time

4. CONCLUSION
A MATLAB model, simulation, and experimental validation of a grid-connected solar water
pumping system have been conducted in a lab setting. The various modes of operation of the suggested
system are described in depth, and experimental testing have been conducted to validate the simulated
performance, which includes startup, steady state, and dynamic circumstances. The suggested water pumping
system has several important features, such as intelligent power sharing, improved power quality at the utility
grid supply, the removal of a speed sensor, and the use of straightforward scalar control for the induction
motor, which makes the system easier to implement. The system's efficiency and compactness are further
enhanced by the absence of a highly inductive transformer element. Effectively lowering the load on the
utility grid, the method may result in lower electricity bills. The control strategy has been created aims to
optimize the extraction of electricity from the solar photovoltaic (SPV) array while avoiding the need for

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418  ISSN: 2252-8792

quantitative measurements of radiation and ambient temperature. Additionally, it continuously provides,

irrespective amount of radiation that is available. The suggested system functions satisfactorily when
observed under startup and situations, appropriate usage in residential.

FUNDING INFORMATION
There are no sources of funding agency that have supported the work. So, authors state no funding
involved.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS STATEMENT

This journal uses the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) to recognize individual author
contributions, reduce authorship disputes, and facilitate collaboration.

Name of Author C M So Va Fo I R D O E Vi Su P Fu
Mula Sreenivasa Reddy ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Banda Srinivas Raja ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Movva Naga Venkata ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Kiranbabu
Muzammil Parvez ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Syed Inthiyaz ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Nelaturi Nanda Prakash ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Bodapati Venkata ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Rajanna
Guntukala Surendher ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

C : Conceptualization I : Investigation Vi : Visualization

M : Methodology R : Resources Su : Supervision
So : Software D : Data Curation P : Project administration
Va : Validation O : Writing - Original Draft Fu : Funding acquisition
Fo : Formal analysis E : Writing - Review & Editing

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships
that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Authors state no conflict of interest.

DATA AVAILABILITY
The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.

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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS

Mula Sreenivasa Reddy currently working as Associate Professor at Department of

EEE, MLR Institute of Technology, Dundigal, TS, India. He obtained his B.E. in Electrical and
Electronics Engineering and M.Tech. in Power System Engineering. He published 10 international
journals and 10 national and international conferences. His main area of interest is renewable
energy sources. He can be contacted at email: sreenivasareddy.mula@mlrinstitutions.ac.in.

Banda Srinivas Raja working as professor in the Electronics and Communication

Engineering (ECE) Department at Godavari Global University (GGU), Andhra Pradesh, India. He
graduated in B.Tech. (Instrument Technology) at Andhra University College of Engineering,
Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India. He secured a Master of Technology in Embedded
Systems in Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Department at affiliated College of
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada. He secured Ph.D. in Image Processing and
Machine Learning from Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Department of
Acharya Nagarjuna University (ANU), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. He is in the field of image
processing and machine learning. He is in teaching profession for more than 15 years. He has
presented 12 papers in national and international journals, conference, and symposiums. His main
area of interest includes embedded systems, internet of things (IoT), image processing, machine
learning, and emerging technologies related to electrical and electronics domains. He can be
contacted at email: bsraaja@gmail.com.

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420  ISSN: 2252-8792

Movva Naga Venkata Kiranbabu is an associate professor in the Department of

Computer Science Engineering, with 21 years of teaching experience at Koneru Lakshmaiah
Education Foundation Vaddeswaram, AP, India. He has served as the RPAC Chair for the
Department of CSA. His research interests include cloud computing, IoT, and data analytics, with
a particular focus at his Ph.D. level in KLEF "selecting the optimal cloud service provider for
service provisioning based on service level agreements (SLAs)” was contributed. Throughout his
research career, he has contributed to the publication of numerous articles in high-impact
international journals. He can be contacted at email: mnvkiranbabu@gmail.com.

Muzammil Parvez working as associate professor in the Electronics and

Communication Engineering (ECE) Department at Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation
Vaddeswaram, AP, India. He secured a Master of Technology in Communications Systems in
Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Department, B.S. Abdur Rahman University. He
secured Ph.D. in Thermal Signal Processing and Machine Learning, Electronics and Communication
Engineering (ECE) Department of Bharath University Chennai, India. He is in the field of thermal
image processing and machine learning. He is in teaching profession for more than 12 years. He has
presented 27 papers in national and international journals and conference. His main area of interest
includes thermal image processing, machine learning, and emerging technologies related to electrical
and electronics domains. He can be contacted at email: parvez190687@gmail.com.

Syed Inthiyaz is currently serving as an associate professor in the Department of

Electronics and Communication Engineering at Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Green
Fields, Vaddeswaram, A.P.–522302. He received B.Tech. from JNTU, Hyderabad in 2005. He
received M.Tech. from JNTU, Kakinada in 2010. He received his Ph.D. in the field of Image
Processing from KL University in 2018. He has published 70 papers in international and national
journals and conferences. He is a life member of Indian Science Congress and IAENG. His
research interests include image processing, machine learning, medical imaging, and VLSI. He can
be contacted at email: syedinthiyaz@kluniversity.in.

Nelaturi Nanda Prakash received the B.Tech. degree in Electronics and

Communication Engineering from Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India, in
2015 and M.Tech. degree from Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur,
India in 2017, respectively. He is currently working as an assistant professor at Chalapathi Institute
of Engineering and Technology, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. He has published several
papers in international conferences and journals in the field of image processing. He can be
contacted at email: nandaprakashnelaturi@gmail.com.

Dr. Bodapati Venkata Rajanna is associate professor at the College of Electrical

and Electronics Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, India. Received B.Tech. degree in
Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Chirala Engineering College, JNTU, Kakinada, India,
in 2010, M.Tech. degree in Power Electronics and Drives from Koneru Lakshmaiah Education
Foundation, Guntur, India, in 2015, and Ph.D. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Koneru
Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India, in 2021. Currently, he is working at MLR
Institute of Technology, Hyderabad. His current research includes dynamic modeling of batteries
for renewable energy storage, electric vehicles, and portable electronics applications, renewable
energy sources integration with battery energy storage systems (BESS), smart metering and smart
grids, micro-grids, automatic meter reading (AMR) devices, GSM/GPRS and power line carrier
(PLC) communication, and various modulation techniques such as QPSK, BPSK, ASK, FSK,
OOK, and GMSK. He can be contacted at email: rajannabv2012@gmail.com.

Guntukala Surendher received his B.Tech. and M.Tech. degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from JNTU University and pursuing Ph.D. in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from JNTU University, Hyderabad, India. He is currently working as an
assistant professor in the Department of ECE, Neil Gogte Institute of Technology, Hyderabad. His
research interests include signal processing, image processing, multiuser, and wireless
communications. He is a member of IEEE and ISTE. He has published 5 textbooks in various
international publications and has 10 patents. He has published 20+ scientific papers in SCI and
SCOPUS journals. He has 19 years of teaching and research experience. He can be contacted at
email: surendher.g@gmail.com.

Int J Appl Power Eng, Vol. 14, No. 2, June 2025: 412-420