1. What is Arduino Uno?

A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, used for building digital devices and interactive

projects.

2. What are the main components of the Arduino Uno board?

- ATmega328P microcontroller

- USB port

- Power jack

- Voltage regulator

- 14 digital I/O pins

- 6 analog input pins

- Reset button

- Crystal oscillator

- ICSP header

- TX/RX LEDs

3. What microcontroller is used in Arduino Uno?

ATmega328P.

4. How many digital input/output pins are available on the Arduino Uno board?

14 digital I/O pins (6 of which can be used for PWM).

5. How many analog input pins does the Arduino Uno have?

6 analog input pins (A0 to A5).

6. What is the operating voltage range of the Arduino Uno board?

5V operating voltage; input voltage range is 7-12V (recommended).

7. Can the Arduino Uno board be powered using batteries?

Yes, it can be powered using batteries via the VIN pin or the power jack.

8. What is the maximum current that can be drawn from the 5V pin on the Arduino Uno?

500 mA when powered via USB; up to 1 A when using external power with a proper regulator.

9. How does the Arduino Uno board communicate with a computer?

10. What programming language is used for Arduino programming?

Arduino language (based on C/C++).

11. Can the Arduino Uno board be programmed using the Arduino IDE?

Yes, it is primarily programmed using the Arduino IDE.

12. What are the advantages of using Arduino Uno in prototyping projects?

- Easy to use

- Open-source

- Large community support

- Plenty of libraries

- Inexpensive

13. How can you connect sensors and actuators to the Arduino Uno board?

Using the digital and analog I/O pins, along with jumper wires and breadboards.

14. What is the purpose of the reset button on the Arduino Uno?

To restart the microcontroller and rerun the sketch from the beginning.

15. How does the Arduino Uno board handle analog-to-digital conversion?

It uses a 10-bit ADC to convert analog signals (0-5V) into digital values (0-1023).

16. Can the Arduino Uno board generate PWM signals? If yes, how many PWM pins are

available?

Yes, 6 PWM-capable pins (pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11).

17. What is the maximum clock speed of the microcontroller on the Arduino Uno?

16 MHz.

18. Can the Arduino Uno board be used for wireless communication? If yes, what options are

available?

Yes, using modules like Bluetooth (HC-05), Wi-Fi (ESP8266), or RF modules.

19. How can you expand the number of input/output pins on the Arduino Uno?

Using shift registers (e.g., 74HC595) or I/O expanders (e.g., MCP23017).

complex projects?

Limited RAM (2 KB), flash memory (32 KB), and processing power; not ideal for high-performance

applications.

21. What is Arduino Uno?

A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.

22. What are the main components of the Arduino Uno board?

- Microcontroller

- Power supply

- USB interface

- Digital and analog I/O pins

23. What microcontroller is used in Arduino Uno?

ATmega328P.

24. How many digital input/output pins are available on the Arduino Uno board?

14 digital pins.

25. How many analog input pins does the Arduino Uno have?

6 analog pins.

26. What is the operating voltage range of the Arduino Uno board?

5V (operating), 7-12V (input recommended).

27. Can the Arduino Uno board be powered using batteries?

Yes.

28. What is the maximum current that can be drawn from the 5V pin on the Arduino Uno?

500 mA (USB), 1 A (with external supply).

29. How does the Arduino Uno board communicate with a computer?

Through USB serial communication.

30. What programming language is used for Arduino programming?

Arduino language (based on C/C++).

Yes.

32. What are the advantages of using Arduino Uno in prototyping projects?

- User-friendly

- Affordable

- Open-source

- Expandable with shields

33. How can you connect sensors and actuators to the Arduino Uno board?

Via GPIO pins using jumper wires and breadboards.

34. What is the purpose of the reset button on the Arduino Uno?

To restart the board and rerun the code.

35. How does the Arduino Uno board handle analog-to-digital conversion?

Through a 10-bit ADC, giving values from 0 to 1023.

36. Can the Arduino Uno board generate PWM signals? If yes, how many PWM pins are

available?

Yes, 6 PWM pins.

37. What is the maximum clock speed of the microcontroller on the Arduino Uno?

16 MHz.

38. Can the Arduino Uno board be used for wireless communication? If yes, what options are

available?

Yes, via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or RF modules.

39. How can you expand the number of input/output pins on the Arduino Uno?

Using shift registers or I2C expanders.

40. Are there any limitations or considerations when using the Arduino Uno board for

complex projects?

Yes: limited memory and processing power.

41. What is the purpose of the setup() function in an Arduino sketch? How is it different from
the loop() function?

`setup()` runs once at the start; `loop()` runs continuously.

42. Explain the concept of digital input and output pins in Arduino Uno. How do you

configure a pin as an input or output?

Use `pinMode(pin, INPUT/OUTPUT);` in `setup()`.

43. How can you control the brightness of an LED connected to an Arduino Uno? What is the

function used for Analog output?

Use PWM via `analogWrite(pin, value);`. Value ranges from 0 to 255.

44. What are libraries in Arduino programming? How do you include and use a library in your

sketch?

Libraries extend functionality. Include with `#include <Library.h>` and use the functions provided.