MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

SECONDARY SCHOOLS IMPROVEMENT

PROGRAM (SSIP)
2025

GRADE 12

SUBJECT: MATHEMATICAL LITERACY

TEACHER GUIDE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SESSION TOPIC SECTION PAGE

1 FINANCIAL DOCUMENTS 2
FINANCE
2 TAXATION 11

3 TARIFFS 16

4 INCOME, EXPENDITURE, BUDGETS, PROFIT, 24

LOSS, SELLING PRICE, COST PRICE AND
BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
SESSION 1

TOPIC: FINANCE

SECTION A: FINANCIAL DOCUMENTS

TOPIC: FINANCE

SECTION A: TAXATION

CONTEXT: WORKING WITH DIFFERENT FINANCIAL DOCUMENTS

LESSON OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

 Work with Financial documents relating to personal/household/workplace/business and

more financial documents.
 Develop an understanding of the difference between a ‘vat inclusive’, ‘vat exclusive’ and a
vat value.

LEARNER NOTES:

Financial documents are a set of standardized documents that are used for communicating
financial information.

Types of financial documents include but not limited to:

 Account and Bank Statements.  Invoice.

 Budgets.  Quotation.
 Cash slips/Receipts.  Travel allowance claim forms.
 Salary advice/ Pay slips.  Utility bills.
 Credit card statement.  Income tax documents.

Learners must understand the following information that may appear in the financial
documents.

● Date or time of the document ● Items and quantities

● Opening and closing balance ● Tax rates and tax rebates
● Credit or debit ● PAYE and SITE
● Payment due ● Interest rates
● Minimum payment ● Repayment amounts and periods
● Tariff or charge ● Residual
● Income; expenditure; profit/loss ● Real cost or total cost
● VAT
● UIF, net pay, gross pay’ deductions and
taxable

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
SECTION A: EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1:

Vusi Tanda is a tour guide at the Kruger National Park. Vusi received R115 commission, over and
above his basic salary for each visitor he accompanied at the park.
The document below shows Vusi’s salary advice for one month.

Worker Vusi Tanda

Banking details Riverside Bank
Account nr: 100 023 4567
ID nr 730214 4801 076
Pay date 31 Jan 2023
INCOME AMOUNT DEDUCTIONS AMOUNT
Basic salary R7 500,00 PAYE (tax) R2 497,38
Commission A Medical Aid R980,00
Pension fund C
UIF R170,45

Gross Income B Total deductions D

Nett Salary R12 834,67

Use the information above to answer the questions that follow.

1.1. Define nett salary in the given context. (2)

1.2. Calculate Vusi’s commission for the month of January if he accompanied 83 guests
during the month. (Value of A) (2)
1.3. Calculate Vusi’s gross income for the month of January. (Value of B) (2)
1.4. Calculate Vusi’s monthly pension fund contribution, if he contributed 7,5% of his
monthly basic salary towards his pension. (Value of C) (2)
1.5. Calculate his total deductions for the month of January. (Value of D) (2)
1.6. Show how Vusi’s nett salary was determined. (2)
1.7. Determine the percentage of his basic salary that is deducted as PAYE. (2)

QUESTION 1: SOLUTIONS

1.1. Nett Salary is the salary that Vusi takes home after deductions.
1.2. A = 83 × R 115=R 9 545
1.3. B¿ R 7 500+ R 9 545=R 17 045
1.4. C¿ R 7 500 ×7 , 5 %=R 562, 50
1.5. D¿ R 2 497 , 38+ R 980+ R 562 ,50 + R170 , 45=R 4 210 ,33
1.6. Nett Salary= R 17 045−R 4 210 , 33=R 12 834 , 67
1.7. ( R 2 497 , 38 ÷ R 7 500 ) ×100=33 , 3 %

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
QUESTION 2:

Lulu is a client of ABSA Bank. She received her monthly bank statement for transactions she
has made in May 2022. Lulu's statement for May 2022 is given below.
BANK STATEMENT
ABSA Bank
M Cell Cellular Shop Fourways Branch
Shop 10 PO Box 25871
Madiba Mall Fourways
Fourways 2002
2002 3 June 2022
Statement period: 1 May 2022 to 31 May 2022
Account number: 1258 3598 1257
Current Account
Date Details Debit Credit Balance
R R R
1 Balance 11 380.00 Cr
4 Cash deposit 1 900.00 13 280.00 Cr
6 Cash handling fees 14.50 13 265.50 Cr
10 Cheque 475 450.00 12 815.50 Cr
12 Inter-account transfer: Savings account
0215875 7 450.00 20 265.00 Cr
15 Cheque 476 20 480.20 214.70 Dr
20 Internet transfer: T Kotze 870.00 655.30 Cr
Cheque 473 348.00 307.30 Cr
26 Dishonored cheque R/D (L Jordaan -
debtor) 450.00 142.70 Dr
28 Transaction fees 25.30 168.00 Dr
30 Cheque 454 600.00 768.00 Dr
Stop order - insurance 350.00 1 118.00 Dr
31 Interest paid 120.00 998.00 Dr
Bank interest 58.75 1 056.75 Dr
Service fees 30.25 1 087.00 Dr
Cheque 470 220.00 1 307.00 Dr
Deposit: Salary 5 312.60 4 005.60 Cr

Use the information above to answer the following questions:

2.1. Determine the opening balance in the account. (2)
2.2. Calculate the total amount that Lulu has paid for bank fees for the month. (2)
2.3. Show how the amount of R4 005.60 (closing balance), after the deposit on the 31 May in
st

her account, was calculated. (3)

2.4. Briefly explain the difference between wage and salary. (2)
2.5. On May 4, Lulu made a cash deposit of R1 900 into her account. Calculate the
percentage of this amount charged by the bank as cash handling fee. (3)

QUESTION 2: SOLUTION
2.1. R11 380,00 2.4. A wage is a payment one receives
2.2. on a weekly basis for work done.
R 14 , 50+ R 25 , 30+ R 58 ,75+ R 30 , 25=R 128 , 80 A salary is a payment one receives
2.3. R 1307 , 00+ R 5 312 ,60=R 6 619 ,60 on a monthly basis for work done.

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
R 14 ,50
2.5. ×100=0 , 76 %
R1 900
QUESTION 3:

Ulwazi received his employee tax certificate (IRP5) for the financial year ending 28 February
2013. Some of the information has been omitted.

Use the IRP5 provided above to answer the following questions.

3.1. Briefly explain the difference between an employee and an employer. (2)
3.2. Write down the taxable amount that Ulwazi received as an annual payment. (2)
3.3. Did Ulwazi receive a non-taxable reimbursed travel allowance? (4)
Give a valid reason for your answer.
3.4. Calculate the average monthly medical scheme fees tax credit. (3)
3.5. Indicate how the gross non-retirement funding income was calculated. (2)
3.6. From 1 March 2012 to 31 July 2012 Ulwazi contributed a total of R4 975,25 to his pension fund,
Determine the average monthly contribution for the remainder of the financial year. (4)

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

QUESTION 3: SOLUTIONS

3.1. Employee works and receives money for the work done. Employer is a person or
institution that hires workers and pays wages/salary for the work done.
3.2. Unemployment Insurance Fund
3.3. R15 521
3.4. No, no amount allocated
3.5. Monthly tax credit = R2760 ÷ 12 = R230
3.6. A = R13909 + R20013 + R8640 = R42562
3.7. Gross non-retirement funding income = R15521 +R26188 + R8640 = R50349
3.8. Remaining monthly contribution = R13909 – R4975,25 = R8933,75

Average monthly contributions = R8933,75 ÷ 7 = R1276,25

QUESTION 4:

Mr Moloko, his wife and two children who were 18 years and 21 years of age, took a holiday trip to
Durban by flight from OR Tambo International Airport (Johannesburg) in December 2022. He made
bookings on the 14th April 2022 so as to avoid price increase towards the beginning of December
holidays.

FLIGHT SCHEDULE

Johannesburg - Durban

Departure Monday Time Flight

18 December 2022 13:35 – 14:45 JE253

Return Durban - Johannesburg

Saturday Time Flight

23 December 2022 11:40 – 12:45 JE258

BOOKING DETAILS

Reference Number: PN1112

Invoice Number: 25807314 VAT Number: 4350492320

Description Exclusive VAT Amount

Base fare A R563,87 R4 322,99

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

Civil Aviation Tax R161,84 R0,00 R161,76

Passenger Service R575,44 R86,32 R661,76

Charge

ACS Charges R161,42 R24,21 R185,63

Fees (Surcharge on R422,98 R0,00 R422,98

EDCON)

Vat included @ 15% B

Total paid C

Use the information above to answer the following questions:

4.1. State the VAT number of the booking. (2)

4.2. Calculate the value of A, B and C. (6)
4.3. Identify the item (s) which is (are) VAT exempted. (4)
4.4. Calculate the charge per person for a single trip. (4)
4.5. On which day did they spend the shortest time in the plane? Show by means of calculations. (5)
4.6. Mr Moloko and his family were accommodated at Durban Hotel and Conference Centre from the
18th of December 2022 to 23rd December 2022. They have booked 2 double bedrooms at R750,00
per room and breakfast at R120,00 per person per day for a total amount of R9 900,00.
(NB: All the amounts include VAT.)

4.6.1. Determine the number of nights spent in Durban. (2)

4.6.2. Calculate the total amount of money spent on accommodation. (3)
4.6.3. Calculate the total cost of accommodation and breakfast, excluding VAT. (3)

QUESTION 4: SOLUTIONS

4.1. 4350232049

4.2. A¿ R 4 322 , 99−R 563 ,87=R 3 759 ,12

B¿ R 563 , 87+ R 86 , 32+ R 24 , 21=R 674 , 40

C¿ R 4 322 , 99+ R 161 , 84+ R 661 , 76+ R 185 , 63+ R 422 , 98=R 5 755 , 20

4.3. Civil Aviation Tax

Fees or Surcharge on EDCON

4.4. Charge per person = R 5 755 ,20 ÷ 4=R 1 438 , 80

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
Charge per person for single trip ¿ R 1 438 , 80 ÷2=R 719 , 40

4.5. Time spent in the flight (Monday) = 14:45 – 13:35 = 1hr 10 min

Time spent in the flight (Saturday) = 12:45 – 11:40 = 1hour 5 min

Saturday.

4.6.1. 5 nights

4.6.2. Price of accommodation = R 750 ×2 × A ×5=R 7 500 ,00

100
4.6.3. Total Cost (Excluding VAT) = × R 9 900 ,00=R 8 608,70
115

SECTION B: HOMEWORK

QUESTION 1

Annelize's veterinarian treated her horse over a period and gave the following account for
his treatments to her horse.

Use the statement above to help you answer the following questions:

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
1.1. The amounts on the invoice include VAT. (2)
1.2. What does the acronym VAT stand for? (2)
1.3. Determine the difference in price between an Intravenous and Intramuscular injection. (2)
1.4. Calculate the total amount the clinic charged for traveling cost on the account. (3)
1.5. Determine the balance for the invoice, including the outstanding balance for June 2018. (2)

QUESTION 2

Maite contributes a regular monthly amount from her salary towards a retirement annuity.
This amount is deducted from her salary through a stop order on the 15 th day of each
month.

Below is a summary of the statement of her retirement annuity, as on 10 May 2017.

Policy number 0097541

Maturity date 1 November 2029
Monthly contribution R740,22
Payment frequency Monthly
Current death value R189 817,05
Retirement value – Lower inflation rate R536 523,25
Retirement value – Higher inflation rate R940 465,89

Use the information above to answer the questions that follow.

2.1. Define the concept stop order. (2)
2.2. Calculate the difference between the TWO retirement values. (2)
2.3. Determine the number of monthly contributions that still need to be paid by Maite
before the policy matures. (4)
2.4. Determine the total value of the contributions over five years if her monthly
contribution remains the same. (3)
2.5. Fill in the missing word(s) to make the following statement TRUE.
An annual increase in the monthly contribution would result in … maturity value. (2)
2.6. Show that if her monthly contribution increased by 8,5%, then the new monthly
deduction from her salary would be R803,14. (2)

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

HOMEWORK SOLUTION
QUESTION 1
1.1. Value Added Tax
1.2. R140−R90 = R50
1.3. Total for transport
a. R350 × 6
b. = R2 100
1.4. July balance
R3 360 + R1 785
= R5 145

QUESTION 2
2.1. Stop order: an instruction to an employer or bank to pay / divert monthly or transfer
regularly a certain amount to a person or an account. OR
Stop order: an instruction that an employee (individual) issue to the employer (bank)
to make a series of future dated regular deductions OR
Stop order: Future dated regular monthly deductions.
2.2. Difference = R940 465,89 – R536 523,25 = = R403 942,64

2.3. Number of years (2017 – 2029) = 12

Number of months in 12 years = 12 × 12 = 144
Number of months from 10 May to 1 November = 6
Total number of contributions = 144 + 6 = 150

2.4. Total contribution value = (5 × 12) × R740,22

= R44 413,20
2.5. a greater / an increased/ a higher / more/ bigger/ larger/ inflated / better
2.6. R740,22 + R740,22 × 8,5%
= R740,22 + R62,9187
= R803,14

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

SESSION 2

TOPIC: FINANCE

SECTION A: TAXATION

CONTEXT: CALCULATING PERSONAL INCOME TAX

TERMINOLOGY:
● Tax: A compulsory levy imposed on a citizen’s earnings or purchases to fund the activities of
the government.
● Taxable Income: The income that is taxed. Found by taking out non-taxable deductions.
● Non-taxable deductions: e.g. Pension fund, retirement annuity fund, UIF, Donations, etc.
● Gross Income: Income before deductions.
● Tax rebate: Tax relief given to all tax-payers.
● Annual: Once every year.
● SARS: South African Revenue Services.
● PAYE: Pay as you earn.
● UIF: Unemployment Insurance fund.

By the end of this session, you should be able to:

● Work with tables containing income brackets and income tax formulae.
● Know how to calculate taxable income and personal income tax.

TAX TABLES
2021/2022 TAX YEAR
Taxable income (R) Rates of tax (R)
1 – 216 200 18% of taxable income
216 201 – 337 800 38 916 + 26% of taxable income above 216 200

337 801 – 467 500 70 532 + 31% of taxable income above 337 800

467 501 – 613 600 110 739 + 36% of taxable income above 467 500

613 601 – 782 200 163 335 + 39% of taxable income above 613 600

782 201 – 1 656 600 229 089 + 41% of taxable income above 782 200

1 656 601 and above 587 593 + 45% of taxable income above 1 656 600

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Tax rebate type 2022

Primary (age below 65) R15 714
Secondary (65 to 74) R8 613
Tertiary (75 and older) R2 871

Age Tax threshold

2022
Under 65 R87 300
65 to 74 R135 150
75 and older R151 100

Medical Aid- monthly tax credits 2021/22

Main member R310
First dependant R310
Second dependant R209
Third dependant R209

SECTION A: TYPICAL EXAM QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1:

Mr Modise, a 35-year-old resident at Three Rivers, earned a monthly taxable income of R35 357,00
during the 2021/22 tax year. During this time, Mr Modise was a member of a medical fund for
himself, his wife and his two children.
Use the tax tables for the 2021/22 tax year and the information above to help you answer the
following questions.
1.1. Determine Mr Modise's annual taxable income. (2)
1.2. Show with calculations that Mr Malinga will receive R13 344 medical tax credits for the
2021/22 tax year. (4)
1.3. Calculate the amount of tax Mr Malinga must pay for 2021/22 tax year. (6)

QUESTION 2:

 Josy is a 55-year-old and earned a gross income of R39 486 per month during the 2021/2022 tax
year.

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 A non-taxable monthly deduction of 7,5% was made from her salary and paid into her pension
fund.

Use the tax rate tables and the information above to answer the following questions:

2.1. Explain the term ‘gross income’ in this context. (2)

2.2. Show by calculation that a person who was 75 years and older, and earned R151 100 during the
2022 tax year, paid no tax. (5)
2.3. Calculate Josy’s annual tax payable. (8)

QUESTION 3

Use the 2021/22 tax rate tables provided to help you answer the following questions.

3.1. Phil is a 67-year-old plumber who earned an annual taxable income of R126 500 in 2021. Did
he meet the tax threshold requirements for 2021?
Explain what this means. (2)

3.2. What information is needed to determine a person’s rebate? (2)

3.3. Mr Govender is a 72-year-old who earns a taxable income of R55 250 per month, after
deductions in the 2022 tax year. Calculate his monthly tax payable. (5)

SOLUTIONS
QUESTION 1:
1.1. Annual taxable income = R35 357,00 × 12
= R424 284
1.2. Monthly Medical tax credits = (R332 × 2) + (R224 × 2) = R664 + 448
= R1 112
∴ Yearly MTC/ = R1 112 × 12 = R13 344
1.3. Annual tax = R70 532 + 31% of taxable income above 337 800
R70 532 + 31% (R424 284 – R337 800)
R70 532 + (31% × R86 484)
R70 532 + R26 810,04
= R97 342,04
Tax payable
= R97 342,04 – R15 714 – R13 344
= R68 284,04

QUESTION 2

2.1. Gross income is the amount of her salary (income) before deductions are made.

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
2.2. Tax = 18 ÷ 100× 151 100

= R27 198

Rebates (for 75 years or older)

= R15 714 + R8 613 + R2 871

= R27 198

Actual tax = Tax – Rebates

= R27 198 ‒ R27 198

= R0 (no tax to pay)

2.3. Annual Income (Gross) = R39 486 × 12

= R473 832

Annual Pension = R473 832 × 7,5%

= R35 537,40

Taxable income = R473 832 – R35 537,40

= R438 294,60

Tax bracket 3: R337 801 ‒ R467 500

Tax = 70 532 + 31 % of taxable income above R337 800

¿ 70 532+31 % × ( 438 294 , 60−337 800 )

¿ R 101685 ,33

Annual tax payable ¿ R 101685 ,33−Rebate

¿ R 101685 ,33−R 15714
¿ R 85 971 , 33

QUESTION 3
3.1. Yes, he met the threshold requirements.
It means that he does not have to pay tax.
3.2. Yearly taxable income
R55 250 ×12 = R663 000
R163 335+39% (663 000−613 600)
=R163 335+R19266
=R182 601
less rebates
R182 601−R15 714−R8 613
=R158 274
Monthly tax : R158 274 /12
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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
= R13 189,50

SECTION B

HOMEWORK

QUESTION 1

Mr Nkomo is 68-year-old businessman, married with three grand children who are also
covered by his medical aid. As a company director, Mr Nkomo earns a monthly income of
R42 000 and donates R2 500 every month to a local Orphanage. The tables at the start of
this section shows Individual Income Tax Rates for 2022.

N.B: Donations by natural persons not exceeding R100 000 are allowable tax deductions.

1.1. Calculate Mr Nkomo’s annual taxable income. (3)

1.2. Calculate Mr Nkomo’s annual medical tax credits. (4)
1.3. Mr Nkomo claims that his monthly tax is not more than R4 500. Verify his claim. (9)

QUESTION 2

Abby, who is 68 years old, earned a monthly taxable income of R52 380,50 for the 2021/22 tax year.
During the 2021/22 tax year Abby was a member of a medical fund with two dependents.

Use the 2021/22 tax rate tables and the information above to help you answer the following
questions:
2.1. Explain the impact of tax rebate and the medical aid credits on the tax payable. (2)
2.2. Calculate the monthly amount of tax Abby must pay for the 2021/22 tax year. (8)

SOLUTIONS
1.1. Annual taxable income = 12 (R42 000 – R2 500) = R474 000
1.2. Annual Medical tax credits = 12 (2×R332 +¿ 3 × R224) = R16 032
1.3. Annual tax = R 73 726+31 % ( R 474 000−R 353 100 )
¿ R 111205−15 714−24 327−16 032
¿ R 55 132
Monthly tax ¿ R 55 132÷ 12=R 4 594 , 33
Claim is incorrect.

2.1. Tax rebates and medical aid credits reduce the tax payable.
2.2. R 52380 ,50 ×12=R 628566
Tax ¿ 163 335+39 % × ( R 628566−R 613 600 )
¿ 163 335+39 % × 14 966
¿ R 169 171, 74
Tax after rebate

¿ R 169 171, 74−R 15 714−R 8 613

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¿ R 144 844 ,74 ÷ 12=R 12 070 , 40

SESSION 3

TOPIC: FINANCE

SECTION: TARIFFS

CONTEXT: WORKING WITH DIFFERENT TARIFF SYSTEMS.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

 Calculate costs using given tariffs and/or formulae.

 Draw and interpret graphs using various tariff systems.
 Compare two or more different options for a tariff system to determine the most
appropriate option for individuals with particular needs.

LEARNER NOTES

TARIFF SYSTEM

 Tariffs are not always constant, Example: The price of electricity becomes more
expensive the more electricity you use.
 For Cell phones and electricity there are two main tariff system i.e., Prepaid and
Contract/Monthly billing.
 We are going to look at the following tariffs:
o Municipal tariffs (Electricity, Water, Sewerage)
o Telephone tariffs (E.g., Cell phone)
o Transport (Bus/ taxi)
o Bank fees

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SECTION A: EXAM TYPE QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1: ADOPTED: 2019 LP P1

TABLE 1: Ms Elsie Jacobs wants to relocate to Polokwane while her son would be staying in Gauteng.
City of Johannesburg belongs to on of the metros in Gauteng. She is checking whether she would
afford life in Polokwane by comparing electricity bills.

The tables below show the electricity tariff for Polokwane Municipality and City of Johannesburg.

POLOKWANE MUNICIPALITY

RESIDENTIAL TARIFF: Prepaid

Energy (kWh) Energy charge Energy charge units

cents/month Cents/month
Summer/Winter 2017 Summer/Winter 2018

Block1: (0 - 50) 83,00 c 90,05 c 0 / kWh

Block 2: (51 - 350) 104,00 c 112,84 c 0 / kWh

Block 3: (351 - 600) 153,00 c 166,00 c 0 / kWh

Block 4: ( > 600 ) 184,00 c 199,64 c 0 / kWh

Electricity tariffs

The average increase of 8,5% is as applied to the National Regulator of South Africa.

CITY OF JOHANNESBURG

RESIDENTIAL TARIFF: Prepaid

Energy (kWh) Energy charge Energy charge Units

R/Month R/Month
Summer/Winter Summer / Winter 2018
2017
Block 1: A R116, 16 R124,49 0 / kWh

Block 2: (501 < 1000) R131, 97 R141,43 0 / kWh

Block 3: (1 001 < 2000) R141, 70 R151, 86 0 / kWh

Block 4: (2001 < 3000) R160, 07 R171, 55 0 / kWh

Block 5: (< 3001) R173, 47 R185, 91 0 / kWh

Electricity tariffs

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The average increase of 7,17% is as applied to the National Regulator of South Africa.

1.1. Calculate the tariff difference in block 4 for the year 2017 and 2018 for the
City of Johannesburg. (2)
1.2. Covert the tariff amount in block 4 for Polokwane Municipality in 2018 to rands.
(2)
1.3. Write down the interval A. (2)
1.4. Calculate the VAT amount of the tariff in Block 1 for the City of Johannesburg in 2017. (2)
1.5. Identify the municipality that has the highest average increase in tariff. (2)
1.6. The city of Johannesburg has higher electricity tariffs than Polokwane, what might be the
reason? (2)

QUESTION 2

The table below shows the Emfuleni Local Municipality domestic electricity tariffs during a
low season period.
TABLE 2: EMFULENI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY DOMESTIC ELECTRICITY
TARIFFS (R) FOR 2016/17
Household
All tariffs are 14% VAT exclusive
Block 1 0–50kWh R0,9015 per kWh
Block 2 51–350kWh R1,0161 per kWh
Block 3 351–600kWh R1,3594 per kWh
Block 4 above 600 kWh R1,6314 per kWh

2.1. Show with calculations, the amount paid for using 400 kWh of electricity. (4)
2.2. Calculate the amount (to two decimal places) for a customer who used 183,9745 kWh of
electricity in Block 3. (3)
2.3. Joseph intends to have some plumbing work done at his house. He received the following
plumbing information from two companies.

Company 1: Handyman-SA company

 A call-out fee of R450 with the first hour free.
 Thereafter, R400 for each additional hour or part thereof.

Company 2: Laws Plumbing company

 No call-out fee
 R550 per hour or part thereof.

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
TABLE 1 below shows the number of hours and total cost of plumbing for the two
companies.
TABLE 1: NUMBER OF HOURS AND TOTAL COST FOR PLUMBING
Plumbing time (hours) 0 1 2 3 5 H
Handyman-SA cost (R) 0 450 850 G 2 050 3 250
Laws Plumbing cost (R) 0 550 1 100 1 650 2 750 4 400

NOTE: A call-out fee is a basic amount charged by plumbers in order to attend to the
location where the job must be done.

2.3.1. Write down the call-out fee value for Handyman-SA company. (2)
2.3.2. What is Laws Plumbing’s hourly rate? (2)
2.3.3. Write down the formula that can be used by Handyman-SA company to calculate the total
cost of plumbing, in the form:

Total cost (R) = ... (2)

2.3.4. Calculate the missing value G (2)

2.3.5. Calculate the missing value H (2)
2.3.6. If Joseph wants plumbing service for work that requires 5 hours, state in words the amount
he will pay for acquiring the service of the cheapest company. (2)

QUESTION 3: GP PRELIM 2022

3.1. Willie wants to ensure that he will have enough money for his trip to the 2019 Rugby World Cup
and therefore decided to keep a close eye on his finances. He obtained a bank statement to check all
his transactions and to see if he could pay less in bank charges.

A7 ACHIEVERS Pricing Guide

Monthly fees:
Monthly account fee R51,00

Cash withdrawals:
Commercial Bank ATM R5,70 (per R500) (max R22,80)
Other bank’s ATM R6,50 + Commercial Bank ATM fee
From a Commercial Bank Branch R27,50 + 1,25% of cash
withdrawal (max R3 000)

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Deposits:
Cheque deposits R14,00
ATM-/cash deposits 1,2% of the value (min R12,00)
Electronic transfers 0,65% (min R5,00)

Third party payments:

Internal debit/stop orders (to other Commercial
Bank accounts) R3,30
External debit/stop orders R8,80
Cell phone/telephone banking R1,00
Online external transfers R8,80
Cheques Free

Linked account transfers:

Cell phone/telephone banking R1,00
Online internal transfers R3,30

The following transactions were made by Willie during August 2018 on his A7 Achievers account
from Commercial Bank:

 1 × ATM cash withdrawal of R1000,00 from a Commercial Bank ATM.

 1 × ATM cash withdrawal of R900,00 from another bank’s ATM.
 An external debit order for R950,00.
 An internal debit order for R470,00.
 2 × external stop orders to third parties for R2 750,00 and R3 250,00 respectively.
 His salary of R23 550,00 is deposited electronically into his account every month.
 1 × ATM cash deposit of R2 450,00.

Use the A achiever’s pricing guide and the information above to calculate Willie’s bank fees for
August 2018 by completing ANSWER SHEET 1 below. (10)

TRANSACTIONS Fee/Cost (in R)

Monthly account fee R
ATM cash withdrawals:
Commercial Bank ATM: R
Other bank: R
External debit order R
Internal debit order R
External Stop order R

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

Online cheque deposit: R

Cash deposit: R

Total for bank fees R

SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 1
1.1. Difference = R 171 ,55−R 160 ,07=R 11, 48
1.2. 199 , 64 c ÷100=R 1,9964
1.3. (0< 500)
15
1.4. Block 2¿ R 116, 16 × =R 17 , 42
100

QUESTION 2

2.1. ( 50 × R 0,9015 )+ (300 × R 1,0161 )+ ( 50 × R 1,3594 )=R 419 ,88

2.2. 183,9745 × R 1,3594=R 250 , 0949353 ≈ R 250 , 09
2.3.1. R450
2.3.2. R550
2.3.3. Total cost ¿ R 450+ R 400 × ( no . of hours−1 hour )
2.3.4. ¿ R 450+ R 400 × ( 3−1 )
G¿ R 450+ R 400 ×2=R 1 250
2.3.5. R 4 400=R 550 × H

H=R 4 400 ÷ R 550=8

2.3.6. Cheapest Company = SA cost……Two thousand and fifty.

QUESTION 3

TRANSACTION FEE
(in Rand)
Monthly account fee R51,00
ATM cash withdrawals:
 Commercial Bank R11,40
ATM (5,70 x 2)
 Other bank R17,90
(6,50 + 5,70 x 2)
External debit order R8,80
Internal debit order R3,30
External stop order R 17,60
(2 x R 8,80)
Online cheque deposit: R153,08

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
(0,65 x R 23 5500 ÷100)
Cash deposit: R29,40
(1,2% x R 2 425 ÷ 100)
Total for bank fees: R292,48

SECTION B

HOMEWORK

QUESTION 1
Electricity can be purchased from Eskom in two ways, prepaid and postpaid.
Refer to the comparative table below to answer the questions that follow.
Table 1: Fixed monthly cost against cost per unit

1.1. Write down the fixed monthly cost for the prepaid system. (2)
1.2. The Smith’s household, consisting of 3 people, used 349,9 kWh of electricity on the post-
paid system. How much would they be expected to pay (excluding VAT) for their electricity
consumption? (4)
1.3. Mrs Smith worked out that when her daughter goes to university her bill will be two-thirds
of the amount calculated in QUESTION 1.2. Verify, showing all calculations, if her assumption
is correct. (6)

QUESTION 2

A Johannesburg family of 5 uses about 40 kl of water per month.

Use the water tariff table below to calculate the cost of using 40 kl of water in one month
including VAT.

RESIDENTIAL WATER TARRIFS FOR PREPAID METERS IN

JOHANNESBURG 2019/2020

Tariff Summary Tariff (Rand per kl)

(in kilolitres) Excluding VAT rate of 15%

0 to 10 R8.32
11 to 15 R10,68
16 to 20 R19,86
21 to 30 R31,54
31 to 40 R34,19

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
41 to 50 R44,97
More than 50 R49,60
Source: www.johannesburgwater.co.za

SOLUTIONS

QUESTION 1

1.1. R200
1.2. (50×R0,69) + (299,9×R0,81)
=R34,50+R242,919 ✓M
=R277,419
≈R277,42

1.3. Amount above:

R277,42÷3×2
=R184,95
349,9÷3×2=233,266
≈233,27 Kwh
consumption for 2 people
(50×R0,69) + (183,27×R0,81)
=R34,50+R148,45
=R182,948
=R182,95

QUESTION 2
10 × R 8 , 30+5 × R 10 , 62+5× R 19 ,86 +10 × R 31 ,54 × 10 × R 34 , 19
= R 83+ R 53 , 10+ R 99 , 30+ R 315 , 40+ R 341 ,90
115
¿ R 892 ,70 including VAT =R 892 ,70 × ¿ R 1026,605
100

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

SESSION 4

TOPIC: FINANCE

SECTION A:
INCOME, EXPENDITURE, PROFIT, LOSS, COST PRICE, SELLING PRICE AND BREAK-EVEN
ANALYSIS.
LESSON OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
 Identify and perform calculations involving income, expenditure, profit, and loss
values.
 Determine the cost of production and cost price of an item.
 Determine the break-even values by reading off or estimating the values from a graph
or table.

CONTEXT:
PERFORM CALCULATIONS INVOLVING INCOME, EXPENDITURE, PROFIT, LOSS, SELLING AND COST
PRICE AND BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS.

TERMINOLOGY:
● Income: The money received, especially on a regular basis.
● Fixed Income: Exact amount of money one receives every month or year. E.g. Salary
● Variable Income: Money received does not stay the same on a monthly/yearly basis. E.g.
Commission
● Occasional Income: Money received once in a while. E.g., Inheritance
● Expenditure: The money spent on something.
● Fixed expenditure: Money spent on something remains the same on a monthly or yearly
basis. E.g. rent
● Variable expenditure: Expenses that don’t stay the same on a regular basis.
● Occasional Expenditure: Expenses that occur once in a while, E.g. Fixing a broken car.
● Profit: When the Income received by the business is more than the expenditure.
● Loss: Amount of money lost by a business.
● Cost Price: Amount of money spent on making or buying items.
● Selling Price: The money that a business charges a customer for buying an item.
● Break-even point: It is a point where the expenses of a business and Income are the same.

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SECTION A: TYPICAL EXAM QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1:
Green Fields High School Matric Dance Committee bakes and sells muffins to raise funds
for the matric dance. Given below is the graph for total cost and total income for the
muffins.

1.1. Explain the meaning of the word “total cost” in the context above. (2)
1.2. State what each of the line graphs A and B represent. (2)
1.3. Write down the fixed cost. (2)
1.4. Determine the cost for baking 300 muffins. (2)
1.5. Calculate the selling price for each muffin. (2)
1.6. Write down the number of muffins to be sold to break-even. (2)

QUESTION 2
Tom and Julian run a sports business. The table below shows their expenses, in rand (R), for the first
four months of their business.
EXPENDITURE OF THE BUSINESS (IN MILLION RAND)

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
Month JAN FEB MAR APR

Water 1 982 1 836 1 887 1 803

Electricity 2 674 1 703 2 490 2 263

Stock 21 536 S 20 554 21 987

Labour 2 600 2 600 2 600 2 600

Total 28 792 32 636 27 531 28 653

Use the table above to answer the questions that follow:

2.1. Determine the total expenditure for the first four months of their business. (2)
2.2. Write out the total expenditure for April in words. (2)
2.3. Calculate S, the amount of stock, for February. (3)
2.4. Name the fixed expenditure for the business during the first four months. (2)

QUESTION 3
John wants to start his own business by selling hotdogs at the food market in his town, but he has to
buy his ingredients in bulk.
Below is the prices of all the ingredients.
Product Bulk price Price per Hotdog
Cheese griller (Sausage) R69,99 for 12 Cheese Grillers A
Bread rolls R32,00 for 16 bread rolls R2,00
Tomato sauce R34,98 for 40 Hotdogs B
Mustard sauce R35,99 for 35 Hotdogs C
Onions R30,99 for 60 Hotdogs R0,52
Total per Hotdog D

3.2. Calculate A, B and C, the cost of the ingredients to make one hotdog. (3)
3.3. Calculate D, the total variable cost to make one hotdog. (2)
3.4. Write down as a simplified ratio, the bulk price of Cheese Grillers to the bulk price of Tomato
sauce. (2)
3.5. Determine John’s total cost to make 150 hotdogs in one day, if his fixed cost is R200, 00 per day.

a) John claims that he will make more than 30% profit on one hotdog, if his selling price is
R17,50 per hotdog. (4)
b) Verify, showing ALL calculations, whether his claim is valid. (5)

SOLUTIONS:
QUESTION 1
1.1. All expenses including fixed costs incurred in banking muffins.
1.2. A – Income; B-Costs/Expenses

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025
1.3. R500
1.4. Cost of baking 300 muffins = R1 500
1.5. Selling Price = R500 / 100
= R5
1.6. 250 muffins

SOLUTIONS QUESTION 2
2.1. Total expenses= R 24 792+ R 32 636+ R 27 531+ R 28653=R 117 612 000 000
2.2. Twenty eight billion six hundred and fifty three million rand.
2.3. Stock February ¿ R 32636−( R 2 600+ R 1703+ R 1 836 )=R 26 497

2.4. Labour

QUESTION 3
3.1. A¿ R 69 , 96 ÷12=R 5 ,83
B¿ R 34 , 98 ÷ 40=R 0 , 87
C¿ R 35 , 99÷ 35=R 1 ,03
3.2. Total price ¿ R 5 , 83+ R 2 ,00+ R 0 ,87+ R1 , 03+ R 0 , 52=R 10 , 25
3.3. Ratio = 69,96 : 34,98 = 2:1
3.4. Total cost ¿ ( R 10 , 25× 150 ) + R 200
= R 1737 ,50
Profit ¿ R 17 , 50−R 10 , 25
¿ R 7 , 25
R 7 ,25
×100=70 ,73 %
R 10 , 25
John is correct

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

SECTION B
HOMEWORK
QUESTION 4 : EC PRELIM 2019

Masakhane community rents out its hall at a cost of R750 per event hosted. The local municipality
provides the community a fixed monthly income of R500 to assist in maintaining its hall facilities.

TABLE 2 shows the total monthly income for the hall depending on number of events hosted.

TABLE 2: TOTAL MONTHLY INCOME FOR THE HALL

Number of events hosted in a month 0 1 3 5 10

Income in Rands (R) B 1 250 2 750 C 8 000

The community uses the formula below to calculate total monthly income.
Total monthly income = R500 + (R750 × number of events hosted in a month)
Use the above income formula to calculate the missing values.

4.1. B (2)
4.2. C (3)

2.1. The monthly fixed expenses to maintain the hall facilities is R3 000 and an additional expense
of R250 per event hosted. TABLE 3 shows the total monthly expenses.

TABLE 3: TOTAL MONTHLY EXPENSES FOR THE HALL

Number of events hosted in a month 0 1 3 D 10

Total monthly expense in Rands (R) 3 000 3 250 3 750 4 250 5 500

4.3.1. Use the following formula to calculate the value of D, the number of events.

Total monthly expenses= R3 000 + (R250 × number of events hosted in a month) (3)
4.3.2. Determine the number of events in a month that Masakhane community must
host to break even. (2)
4.3.3. Determine the profit Masakhane community would make if it hosted 8 events. (2)

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 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY GRADE 12 LEARNER’S NOTES SSIP MATERIAL 2025

SOLUTIONS
4.1. B = R500
4.2. Income = R500 + R750 × number of events

C = 500 + 750×5 = R4 250

4.3.1. Income¿ R 500+ R 750 ×number of events
4 250=3 000+ 250× number of events
(4 250−3000)
Number of events¿ =53
250
4.3.2. Events
4.3.3.
From Graph
Income = R6 500
Expense=R5 000
Profit = R6 500 – R5 000 = R1 500

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