© International Baccalaureate Organization 2023

All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced in any form or by any
electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems,
without the prior written permission from the IB. Additionally, the license tied with this
product prohibits use of any selected files or extracts from this product. Use by third
parties, including but not limited to publishers, private teachers, tutoring or study services,
preparatory schools, vendors operating curriculum mapping services or teacher resource
digital platforms and app developers, whether fee-covered or not, is prohibited and is a
criminal offense.

More information on how to request written permission in the form of a license can be
obtained from https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-
license/.

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2023

Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de ce produit ne peut être reproduite sous quelque
forme ni par quelque moyen que ce soit, électronique ou mécanique, y compris des
systèmes de stockage et de récupération d’informations, sans l’autorisation écrite
préalable de l’IB. De plus, la licence associée à ce produit interdit toute utilisation de tout
fichier ou extrait sélectionné dans ce produit. L’utilisation par des tiers, y compris, sans
toutefois s’y limiter, des éditeurs, des professeurs particuliers, des services de tutorat ou
d’aide aux études, des établissements de préparation à l’enseignement supérieur, des
fournisseurs de services de planification des programmes d’études, des gestionnaires de
plateformes pédagogiques en ligne, et des développeurs d’applications, moyennant
paiement ou non, est interdite et constitue une infraction pénale.

Pour plus d’informations sur la procédure à suivre pour obtenir une autorisation écrite
sous la forme d’une licence, rendez-vous à l’adresse https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/
ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-license/.

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2023

Todos los derechos reservados. No se podrá reproducir ninguna parte de este producto
de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio electrónico o mecánico, incluidos los sistemas de
almacenamiento y recuperación de información, sin la previa autorización por escrito del
IB. Además, la licencia vinculada a este producto prohíbe el uso de todo archivo o
fragmento seleccionado de este producto. El uso por parte de terceros —lo que incluye,
a título enunciativo, editoriales, profesores particulares, servicios de apoyo académico o
ayuda para el estudio, colegios preparatorios, desarrolladores de aplicaciones y
entidades que presten servicios de planificación curricular u ofrezcan recursos para
docentes mediante plataformas digitales—, ya sea incluido en tasas o no, está prohibido
y constituye un delito.

En este enlace encontrará más información sobre cómo solicitar una autorización por
escrito en forma de licencia: https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/
applying-for-a-license/.
English A: language and literature – Standard level – Paper 1
Anglais A : langue et littérature – Niveau moyen – Épreuve 1
Inglés A: Lengua y Literatura – Nivel Medio – Prueba 1
3 May 2023 / 3 mai 2023 / 3 de mayo de 2023
Zone A afternoon Zone B morning Zone C afternoon
Zone A après-midi Zone B matin Zone C après-midi
Zona A tarde Zona B mañana Zona C tarde

1 h 15 m

Instructions to candidates
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Write a guided analysis of text 1 or text 2.
y Use the guiding question or propose an alternative technical or formal aspect of the text to focus
your analysis.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [20 marks].

Instructions destinées aux candidats

y N’ouvrez pas cette épreuve avant d’y être autorisé(e).
y Rédigez une analyse dirigée du texte 1 ou du texte 2.
y Utilisez la question d’orientation ou proposez une autre manière d’aborder le texte en
choisissant un aspect technique ou formel sur lequel concentrer votre analyse.
y Le nombre maximum de points pour cette épreuve d’examen est de [20 points].

Instrucciones para los alumnos

y No abra esta prueba hasta que se lo autoricen.
y Escriba un análisis guiado del texto 1 o del texto 2.
y Utilice la pregunta de orientación o proponga otro aspecto técnico o formal del texto en el que
centrar su análisis.
y La puntuación máxima para esta prueba de examen es [20 puntos].

2223 – 2014
5 pages/páginas © International Baccalaureate Organization 2023
 –2– 2223 – 2014

Write a guided analysis of one of the following texts.

1. The following transcript is from the podcast, The Happiness Lab, hosted by Dr Laurie Santos,
professor of psychology at Yale University.

[00:16:09]
SANTOS: This is my friend Jamil Zaki, a professor of psychology at Stanford University. Jamil
Zaki has just written an important new book called The War for Kindness: Building Empathy in a
Fractured World.

5 [00:16:19]
ZAKI: I started writing it in 2015 and I don’t know, around late 2016, early 2017, I can’t quite put
my finger on what it was, but something changed in our in our culture. I felt like things were getting
crueler and less connected, and people were getting really exhausted trying to connect with each
other and were really embracing social division in a way that I hadn’t seen in my adult life. I felt like
10 I was being a Pollyanna2 just writing this kind of positive, hey, you know, you can choose empathy,
when all around me it seemed like this giant tire fire—people just hated each other more than ever.

[00:17:01]
SANTOS: If you’ve paid any attention to the news in the last few years, you understand that Jamil’s
war for kindness is becoming more and more of an uphill battle. A growing body of work shows
15 that our empathy in general seems to be decreasing over time. In one study, in 1979, the average
American scored like a 4 out of 5 on an empathy scale, which doesn’t sound terrible. But by 2009,
the average American had dropped down to a 3.5 out of 5. This rising level of disconnection means
that more and more of us are missing out on a potential boost to our well-being.

[00:18:42]
20 ZAKI: It’s surprising to a lot of people that empathy is good for us. We typically think of empathy
almost like a transfer, like I give up my money or time or emotional peace in order to help you have
more of it. It’s sort of the quintessential act of self-sacrifice. It turns out, though, that the data point
almost exactly in the opposite direction, that caring for others is one of the most important ways we
can care for ourselves.

25 People who experience a lot of empathy also tend to be happier, less stressed, and experience
less depression. They find it easier to make new friends and to maintain important relationships
like their marriages. Seventh graders who are able to understand what others feel are also better
able to survive seventh grade, which is not easy.
 –3– 2223 – 2014

[00:23:22]
30 SANTOS: It turns out that, in fact, empathy is like a skill and there are lots of things that we
can do to cultivate empathy in ourselves and others. When Jamil taught his “Becoming Kinder”
class at Stanford, he gave his students a super hard assignment, an empathy challenge that
demonstrated this.

[00:23:45]
35 ZAKI: I told my students, instead of yelling at each other, judging each other, or even debating,
I want you to try to cultivate curiosity about each other. Ask the other person how they came to
have their opinion in the first place and share with them the story of how you came to have your
opinion in the first place. Students then embarked on hard conversations with racist Facebook-
posting uncles and frank discussions about sexuality with their less-than-progressive parents.
40 They predicted that these exchanges would end in frustration or even tears. But in nearly all cases,
those story-sharing conversations went better than expected.

When you start with narratives, instead of either calling people out or saying how wrong they are,
you get to a new type of discussion right away, one in which it actually doesn’t matter as much if
you would agree on every point. But something just as important or maybe even more important
45 also happens, which is that you grow to appreciate the people you disagree with. No one should
feel like they’re obligated to connect with or empathize with somebody who’s saying awful things.
No one has to do this. It’s not anybody’s job. But when we do, it’s remarkable how powerful that
can be, because sometimes what you realize is that people on the other side are also waiting for a
chance to be human.

1
Pushkin: Pushkin Industries is a podcast and audiobook production company
2
Pollyanna: a term derived from a children’s book by the same name, has come to
mean an excessively or blindly optimistic person

– How and to what effect is empathy presented in the text?

Turn over / Tournez la page / Véase al dorso

 –4– 2223 – 2014

2. The following infographic is taken from the Foresters Friendly Society* website, which promises
“Straightforward financial solutions with a human touch”.
 –5– 2223 – 2014

Got you thinking about where to put your extra savings?

There are two ways to become a

Foresters member
FREE £25
Take out one of our membership
included
Membership per year

financial products subscription

You might want to put something away for Don’t need a financial product? Don’t worry.
your children. Or save up for your future. Every You’ll also be welcomed as a member by taking
one of our products includes free membership out an annual subscription. For only £25 every
with access to a range of benefits. year you can enjoy all the benefits of Foresters
Extras, including financial support, practical
help, as well as social and community events.
VIEW OUR PRODUCTS

APPLY TODAY

* Foresters Friendly Society: A UK based mutual savings and investment provider.

– Explore how the text and images interplay to appeal to a range of audiences.
Disclaimer:
Content used in IB assessments is taken from authentic, third-party sources. The views expressed within them belong to their
individual authors and/or publishers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IB.

References:
1. Santos, L. and Zaki, J., 2020. The war for kindness - The happiness lab, Pushkin Industries. [podcast].
Available at: https://www.pushkin.fm/podcasts/the-happiness-lab-with-dr-laurie-santos/the-war-for-kindness
[Accessed 20 August 2021]. Source adapted.
2. Science says saving makes you happier, Foresters Friendly Society, a UK based mutual savings and investment
provider. [infographic online] Available at: https://www.forestersfriendlysociety.co.uk/simple-savings-tips-to-make-
you-happier/ [Accessed 20 August 2021].
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2023

All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced in any form or by any
electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems,
without the prior written permission from the IB. Additionally, the license tied with this
product prohibits use of any selected files or extracts from this product. Use by third
parties, including but not limited to publishers, private teachers, tutoring or study services,
preparatory schools, vendors operating curriculum mapping services or teacher resource
digital platforms and app developers, whether fee-covered or not, is prohibited and is a
criminal offense.

More information on how to request written permission in the form of a license can be
obtained from https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-
license/.

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2023

Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de ce produit ne peut être reproduite sous quelque
forme ni par quelque moyen que ce soit, électronique ou mécanique, y compris des
systèmes de stockage et de récupération d’informations, sans l’autorisation écrite
préalable de l’IB. De plus, la licence associée à ce produit interdit toute utilisation de tout
fichier ou extrait sélectionné dans ce produit. L’utilisation par des tiers, y compris, sans
toutefois s’y limiter, des éditeurs, des professeurs particuliers, des services de tutorat ou
d’aide aux études, des établissements de préparation à l’enseignement supérieur, des
fournisseurs de services de planification des programmes d’études, des gestionnaires de
plateformes pédagogiques en ligne, et des développeurs d’applications, moyennant
paiement ou non, est interdite et constitue une infraction pénale.

Pour plus d’informations sur la procédure à suivre pour obtenir une autorisation écrite
sous la forme d’une licence, rendez-vous à l’adresse https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/
ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-license/.

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2023

Todos los derechos reservados. No se podrá reproducir ninguna parte de este producto
de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio electrónico o mecánico, incluidos los sistemas de
almacenamiento y recuperación de información, sin la previa autorización por escrito del
IB. Además, la licencia vinculada a este producto prohíbe el uso de todo archivo o
fragmento seleccionado de este producto. El uso por parte de terceros —lo que incluye,
a título enunciativo, editoriales, profesores particulares, servicios de apoyo académico o
ayuda para el estudio, colegios preparatorios, desarrolladores de aplicaciones y
entidades que presten servicios de planificación curricular u ofrezcan recursos para
docentes mediante plataformas digitales—, ya sea incluido en tasas o no, está prohibido
y constituye un delito.

En este enlace encontrará más información sobre cómo solicitar una autorización por
escrito en forma de licencia: https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/
applying-for-a-license/.
English A: language and literature – Standard level – Paper 1
Anglais A : langue et littérature – Niveau moyen – Épreuve 1
Inglés A: Lengua y Literatura – Nivel Medio – Prueba 1
3 May 2023 / 3 mai 2023 / 3 de mayo de 2023
Zone A afternoon Zone B morning Zone C afternoon
Zone A après-midi Zone B matin Zone C après-midi
Zona A tarde Zona B mañana Zona C tarde

1 h 15 m

Instructions to candidates
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Write a guided analysis of text 1 or text 2.
y Use the guiding question or propose an alternative technical or formal aspect of the text to focus
your analysis.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [20 marks].

Instructions destinées aux candidats

y N’ouvrez pas cette épreuve avant d’y être autorisé(e).
y Rédigez une analyse dirigée du texte 1 ou du texte 2.
y Utilisez la question d’orientation ou proposez une autre manière d’aborder le texte en
choisissant un aspect technique ou formel sur lequel concentrer votre analyse.
y Le nombre maximum de points pour cette épreuve d’examen est de [20 points].

Instrucciones para los alumnos

y No abra esta prueba hasta que se lo autoricen.
y Escriba un análisis guiado del texto 1 o del texto 2.
y Utilice la pregunta de orientación o proponga otro aspecto técnico o formal del texto en el que
centrar su análisis.
y La puntuación máxima para esta prueba de examen es [20 puntos].

2223 – 2017
5 pages/páginas © International Baccalaureate Organization 2023
 –2– 2223 – 2017

Write a guided analysis of one of the following texts.

1. The following text is an infographic taken from the Institute for Transportation and Development
Policy (ITDP).

-
-

-
-

megatonnes
of CO2
CO 2
a 7% reduction in urban transport emissions
megatonnes over BAU due to cycling, as part of a 47% total
of CO2 reduction in the comprehensive HSC scenario

(HSC)
(BAU)
 –3– 2223 – 2017

2015–2050 CUMULATIVE
COSTS OF TRANSPORT

USD 25 TRILLION
~USD 450
USD 320

– How has the interplay of text and images been used to convey the overarching message
contained in this infographic?

Turn over / Tournez la page / Véase al dorso

 –4– 2223 – 2017

2.

Removed for copyright reasons

 –5– 2223 – 2017

Removed for copyright reasons

– How does this article persuade the reader to rethink their approach to food and eating?
Disclaimer:
Content used in IB assessments is taken from authentic, third-party sources. The views expressed within them belong to their
individual authors and/or publishers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IB.

References:
1. Institute for Transportation & Development Policy, n.d. The Benefits of Shifting to Cycling. [infographic online]
Available at: https://www.itdp.org/multimedia/the-benefits-of-shifting-to-cycling/ [Accessed 30 May 2022].
Source adapted.
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2024

All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced in any form or by any
electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems,
without the prior written permission from the IB. Additionally, the license tied with this
product prohibits use of any selected files or extracts from this product. Use by third
parties, including but not limited to publishers, private teachers, tutoring or study services,
preparatory schools, vendors operating curriculum mapping services or teacher resource
digital platforms and app developers, whether fee-covered or not, is prohibited and is a
criminal offense.

More information on how to request written permission in the form of a license can be
obtained from https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-
license/.

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2024

Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de ce produit ne peut être reproduite sous quelque
forme ni par quelque moyen que ce soit, électronique ou mécanique, y compris des
systèmes de stockage et de récupération d’informations, sans l’autorisation écrite
préalable de l’IB. De plus, la licence associée à ce produit interdit toute utilisation de tout
fichier ou extrait sélectionné dans ce produit. L’utilisation par des tiers, y compris, sans
toutefois s’y limiter, des éditeurs, des professeurs particuliers, des services de tutorat ou
d’aide aux études, des établissements de préparation à l’enseignement supérieur, des
fournisseurs de services de planification des programmes d’études, des gestionnaires de
plateformes pédagogiques en ligne, et des développeurs d’applications, moyennant
paiement ou non, est interdite et constitue une infraction pénale.

Pour plus d’informations sur la procédure à suivre pour obtenir une autorisation écrite
sous la forme d’une licence, rendez-vous à l’adresse https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/
ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-license/.

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2024

Todos los derechos reservados. No se podrá reproducir ninguna parte de este producto
de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio electrónico o mecánico, incluidos los sistemas de
almacenamiento y recuperación de información, sin la previa autorización por escrito del
IB. Además, la licencia vinculada a este producto prohíbe el uso de todo archivo o
fragmento seleccionado de este producto. El uso por parte de terceros —lo que incluye,
a título enunciativo, editoriales, profesores particulares, servicios de apoyo académico o
ayuda para el estudio, colegios preparatorios, desarrolladores de aplicaciones y
entidades que presten servicios de planificación curricular u ofrezcan recursos para
docentes mediante plataformas digitales—, ya sea incluido en tasas o no, está prohibido
y constituye un delito.

En este enlace encontrará más información sobre cómo solicitar una autorización por
escrito en forma de licencia: https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/
applying-for-a-license/.
English A: language and literature – Standard level – Paper 1
Anglais A : langue et littérature – Niveau moyen – Épreuve 1
Inglés A: Lengua y Literatura – Nivel Medio – Prueba 1
9 May 2024 / 9 mai 2024 / 9 de mayo de 2024
Zone A afternoon Zone B afternoon Zone C afternoon
Zone A après-midi Zone B après-midi Zone C après-midi
Zona A tarde Zona B tarde Zona C tarde

1 h 15 m

Instructions to candidates
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Write a guided analysis of text 1 or text 2.
y Use the guiding question or propose an alternative technical or formal aspect of the text to focus
your analysis.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [20 marks].

Instructions destinées aux candidats

y N’ouvrez pas cette épreuve avant d’y être autorisé(e).
y Rédigez une analyse dirigée du texte 1 ou du texte 2.
y Utilisez la question d’orientation ou proposez une autre manière d’aborder le texte en
choisissant un aspect technique ou formel sur lequel concentrer votre analyse.
y Le nombre maximum de points pour cette épreuve d’examen est de [20 points].

Instrucciones para los alumnos

y No abra esta prueba hasta que se lo autoricen.
y Escriba un análisis guiado del texto 1 o del texto 2.
y Utilice la pregunta de orientación o proponga otro aspecto técnico o formal del texto en el que
centrar su análisis.
y La puntuación máxima para esta prueba de examen es [20 puntos].

2224 – 2020
5 pages/páginas © International Baccalaureate Organization 2024
 –2– 2224 – 2020

Write a guided analysis of one of the following texts.

1. The following blog post is taken from oliveremberton.com whose author, Oliver Emberton,
is a self-proclaimed “busy bee1”.

BLOG BEST OF NEWSLETTER BOOK ABOUT

If you want to follow your dreams,

you have to say no to all the alternatives
Our brains behave like a beachball filled with bees. Hundreds of conflicting impulses, pushing us in
different directions.
People never want to do one thing. We want to do all the things. We
I want to write a book simultaneously want to exercise and to learn Spanish and to go out
for pizza. Our desires are countless, independent agents, working to
nudge our beachball in their own selfish direction.
And so usually, that ball is going nowhere. It’s controlled more by the
I want a I want a
new job kitten
terrain than by the will of what’s inside it.
This is how most people live their lives. We feel endlessly conflicted.
We never have enough time. And what happens to us is stronger than
our ability to combat it.
Let’s fix that.
The curse of the ‘great idea’
I want to start Facebook Imagine if 20 years ago you were a genius who had the idea of starting
up Google, and Amazon, and Facebook2. You just invented three of the
best business ideas of the last century, and if you had started any one
I want of them you could now be worth billions. But if you were determined to
I want
to start to start do all three simultaneously you’d be absolutely nowhere.
Google Amazon It’s not enough to have great ideas. Lots of people have great ideas.
The problem is that too many great ideas cancel each other out.
Leadership doesn’t work in volume. The more directions you’re being
pulled in, the less distance you’ll travel.
How people achieve the impossible
Imagine an insanely ambitious goal for yourself. Say you want to write
a book, or land on Mars.
If you absolutely had to do that – if your life and the lives of everybody
ACHIEVEMENT >>

you cared about depended upon it – how would you? How could you?
You’d simply drop everything else. You’d become one giant bumblebee,
pushing in one direction, and you’d move very, very quickly.
Monomaniacal3 focus on a single goal is perhaps the ultimate
success stratagem. It’s a pattern found in everyone from Edison to
NUMBER OF DIRECTIONS >> Einstein4. When you’re able to focus on a single goal, constantly, your
achievements reach their theoretical limit.

1
busy bee: a nickname for an industrious person
2
Google, Amazon and Facebook: three of America’s largest companies
3
monomaniacal: obsession with one idea to the exclusion of other concerns
4
Edison to Einstein: Thomas Edison was a scientist best known for inventing the
lightbulb; Albert Einstein was a scientist best known for advancing the field of physics
 –3– 2224 – 2020

How to tame the swarm

You will always want to attempt more than you can achieve.
Unfortunately, pulling yourself in too many directions is the single quickest way to ensure failure.
And putting your all into a single direction is the quickest way to ensure success.

So try this:
1. Aim higher. If your ambitions are small, they’re easily overpowered. Big goals are paradoxically
more likely to stick because they’re worth ignoring smaller goals for.
2. Limit to three. Keep up to three lists for different parts of your life – say ‘work’, ‘home’ and
‘weekend’. Each list only gets one objective. If you absolutely must have more, just know that
each addition quarters the odds of that area succeeding.
3. Put it off. Anything which isn’t top priority now can be done optimally later. Mark Zuckerberg5
was smart to start Facebook first and then learn Chinese. Your goals are the same, you’re just
usually too attached to them in the moment to notice.
4. Beware your idle wants. Watch out for ‘other things that you also want’. They will feel
comforting, harmless, and automatic. They are deadly. One new direction will quarter what you
can accomplish.
5. Line up your bumblebees. You may not be able to create the next Google, cure cancer
and land on Mars at the same time. But you might be able to simultaneously become, say, a
successful and athletic CEO6. Success and fitness can be complementary goals: a healthier
person can be a better leader. They’re like two bumblebees, pushing in the same direction,
and stronger for it.
The few people who have achieved the most staggering, world changing things with their lives
didn’t do so by dividing their intentions. They aimed high, got their bumblebees in line, and said no
to all the other opportunities that life presented them.
If you want the power to follow your dreams, you have to say no to all the alternatives. It’s not easy,
but if that’s for you, at least you know the price.

5
Mark Zuckerberg: founder of Facebook
6
CEO: chief executive officer, or the top-level manager at a company

– How do authorial choices help to create a persuasive message?

Turn over / Tournez la page / Véase al dorso

2. The following comic is taken from edgrace.co.uk; Ed Grace’s work celebrates the 10-year anniversary of Columbus, the European science
lab housed at the International Space Station1.

THE EUROPEAN
SPACE AGENCY
AHEM… THE DEVICE WHICH ASTRONAUT
KANAI WILL BE WEARING FOR
I’M WORRIED ABOUT ASTRONAUT KANAI… THE NEXT 36 HOURS MONITORS
HIS CORE BODY TEMPERATURE …THIS IS
OVER TIME – THAT’S ONE OF THE THE FINAL
SENSORS, ATTACHED TO HIS HEAD. PHASE OF…
THE OTHER IS TAPED
TO HIS STERNUM2. WAIT A
MINUTE!
IT’S AN EXPERIMENT TO MONITOR
HOW ASTRONAUTS’ CIRCADIAN
RHYTHMS3 ARE AFFECTED BY
SPACE TRAVEL AND LIVING IN BIOLAB… ARE
AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE THEY YOU EVEN
CAN SEE UP TO 16 SUNSETS AND LISTENING??
WHY? SUNRISES A DAY.
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS AFFECT
–4–

WAKEFULNESS BUT ALSO ABILITY

TO CONCENTRATE, COGNITION,
WELL… HE’S DIGESTION AND MANY OTHER SYSTEMS.
WEARING UNDERSTANDING HOW THESE ARE HOW IRONIC…
HIS MP3 PLAYER WHAT??? AFFECTED WILL HELP US TO IMPROVE
ALL THE TIME, OH – DIDN’T PERFORMANCE AND HEALTH FOR CREW
MEMBERS – AND ALSO ALLOW US TO
WITH THE YOU WATCH SCHEDULE DEMANDING ACTIVITIES FOR
EARPHONES THE WHEN ASTRONAUTS ARE IN
TAPED TO HIS PEAK CONDITION.
PRESENTATION?
FOREHEAD… I
THINK HE’S GOT A LET ME
LITTLE… SPACED SUM IT UP
OUT. FOR YOU…

OUR DISCOVERIES WILL

ALSO HELP PEOPLE
WORKING IRREGULAR
HOURS ON EARTH, LIKE
DOCTORS, EMERGENCY
EPM – THE EUROPEAN WORKERS AND MINERS.
BIOLAB PHYSIOLOGY MODULE
2224 – 2020
1
International Space Station: a large orbiting spacecraft where astronauts conduct scientific research
2
sternum: the long, flat bone that runs down the centre of the chest and connects the ribcage
3
circadian rhythms: the internal clock in the brain that regulates cycles of alertness and sleepiness prompted by sunlight and
darkness

– How does the narrative style used in the comic contribute to the presentation of this scientific information?


–5–
2224 – 2020
Disclaimer/Avertissement/Advertencia:
Content used in IB assessments is taken from authentic, third-party sources. The views expressed within them belong to their
individual authors and/or publishers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IB.
Le contenu utilisé dans les évaluations de l’IB est extrait de sources authentiques issues de tierces parties. Les avis qui y sont
exprimés appartiennent à leurs auteurs et/ou éditeurs, et ne reflètent pas nécessairement ceux de l’IB.
Los contenidos usados en las evaluaciones del IB provienen de fuentes externas auténticas. Las opiniones expresadas en ellos
pertenecen a sus autores y/o editores, y no reflejan necesariamente las del IB.

References/Références/Referencias:
1. Emberton, O., 2015. If you want to follow your dreams, you have to say no to all the alternatives. Oliver Emberton,
[online] Available at: https://oliveremberton.com/2014/if-you-want-to-follow-your-dreams-you-have-to-say-no-to-all-
the-alternatives/ [Accessed 6 September 2023]. Source adapted.
2. Available at: https://edgrace.co.uk.
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2024

All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced in any form or by any
electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems,
without the prior written permission from the IB. Additionally, the license tied with this
product prohibits use of any selected files or extracts from this product. Use by third
parties, including but not limited to publishers, private teachers, tutoring or study services,
preparatory schools, vendors operating curriculum mapping services or teacher resource
digital platforms and app developers, whether fee-covered or not, is prohibited and is a
criminal offense.

More information on how to request written permission in the form of a license can be
obtained from https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-
license/.

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2024

Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de ce produit ne peut être reproduite sous quelque
forme ni par quelque moyen que ce soit, électronique ou mécanique, y compris des
systèmes de stockage et de récupération d’informations, sans l’autorisation écrite
préalable de l’IB. De plus, la licence associée à ce produit interdit toute utilisation de tout
fichier ou extrait sélectionné dans ce produit. L’utilisation par des tiers, y compris, sans
toutefois s’y limiter, des éditeurs, des professeurs particuliers, des services de tutorat ou
d’aide aux études, des établissements de préparation à l’enseignement supérieur, des
fournisseurs de services de planification des programmes d’études, des gestionnaires de
plateformes pédagogiques en ligne, et des développeurs d’applications, moyennant
paiement ou non, est interdite et constitue une infraction pénale.

Pour plus d’informations sur la procédure à suivre pour obtenir une autorisation écrite
sous la forme d’une licence, rendez-vous à l’adresse https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/
ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-license/.

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2024

Todos los derechos reservados. No se podrá reproducir ninguna parte de este producto
de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio electrónico o mecánico, incluidos los sistemas de
almacenamiento y recuperación de información, sin la previa autorización por escrito del
IB. Además, la licencia vinculada a este producto prohíbe el uso de todo archivo o
fragmento seleccionado de este producto. El uso por parte de terceros —lo que incluye,
a título enunciativo, editoriales, profesores particulares, servicios de apoyo académico o
ayuda para el estudio, colegios preparatorios, desarrolladores de aplicaciones y
entidades que presten servicios de planificación curricular u ofrezcan recursos para
docentes mediante plataformas digitales—, ya sea incluido en tasas o no, está prohibido
y constituye un delito.

En este enlace encontrará más información sobre cómo solicitar una autorización por
escrito en forma de licencia: https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/
applying-for-a-license/.
English A: language and literature – Standard level – Paper 1
Anglais A : langue et littérature – Niveau moyen – Épreuve 1
Inglés A: Lengua y Literatura – Nivel Medio – Prueba 1
9 May 2024 / 9 mai 2024 / 9 de mayo de 2024
Zone A afternoon Zone B afternoon Zone C afternoon
Zone A après-midi Zone B après-midi Zone C après-midi
Zona A tarde Zona B tarde Zona C tarde

1 h 15 m

Instructions to candidates
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Write a guided analysis of text 1 or text 2.
y Use the guiding question or propose an alternative technical or formal aspect of the text to focus
your analysis.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [20 marks].

Instructions destinées aux candidats

y N’ouvrez pas cette épreuve avant d’y être autorisé(e).
y Rédigez une analyse dirigée du texte 1 ou du texte 2.
y Utilisez la question d’orientation ou proposez une autre manière d’aborder le texte en
choisissant un aspect technique ou formel sur lequel concentrer votre analyse.
y Le nombre maximum de points pour cette épreuve d’examen est de [20 points].

Instrucciones para los alumnos

y No abra esta prueba hasta que se lo autoricen.
y Escriba un análisis guiado del texto 1 o del texto 2.
y Utilice la pregunta de orientación o proponga otro aspecto técnico o formal del texto en el que
centrar su análisis.
y La puntuación máxima para esta prueba de examen es [20 puntos].

2224 – 2020
5 pages/páginas © International Baccalaureate Organization 2024
 –2– 2224 – 2020

Write a guided analysis of one of the following texts.

1. The following blog post is taken from oliveremberton.com whose author, Oliver Emberton,
is a self-proclaimed “busy bee1”.

BLOG BEST OF NEWSLETTER BOOK ABOUT

If you want to follow your dreams,

you have to say no to all the alternatives
Our brains behave like a beachball filled with bees. Hundreds of conflicting impulses, pushing us in
different directions.
People never want to do one thing. We want to do all the things. We
I want to write a book simultaneously want to exercise and to learn Spanish and to go out
for pizza. Our desires are countless, independent agents, working to
nudge our beachball in their own selfish direction.
And so usually, that ball is going nowhere. It’s controlled more by the
I want a I want a
new job kitten
terrain than by the will of what’s inside it.
This is how most people live their lives. We feel endlessly conflicted.
We never have enough time. And what happens to us is stronger than
our ability to combat it.
Let’s fix that.
The curse of the ‘great idea’
I want to start Facebook Imagine if 20 years ago you were a genius who had the idea of starting
up Google, and Amazon, and Facebook2. You just invented three of the
best business ideas of the last century, and if you had started any one
I want of them you could now be worth billions. But if you were determined to
I want
to start to start do all three simultaneously you’d be absolutely nowhere.
Google Amazon It’s not enough to have great ideas. Lots of people have great ideas.
The problem is that too many great ideas cancel each other out.
Leadership doesn’t work in volume. The more directions you’re being
pulled in, the less distance you’ll travel.
How people achieve the impossible
Imagine an insanely ambitious goal for yourself. Say you want to write
a book, or land on Mars.
If you absolutely had to do that – if your life and the lives of everybody
ACHIEVEMENT >>

you cared about depended upon it – how would you? How could you?
You’d simply drop everything else. You’d become one giant bumblebee,
pushing in one direction, and you’d move very, very quickly.
Monomaniacal3 focus on a single goal is perhaps the ultimate
success stratagem. It’s a pattern found in everyone from Edison to
NUMBER OF DIRECTIONS >> Einstein4. When you’re able to focus on a single goal, constantly, your
achievements reach their theoretical limit.

1
busy bee: a nickname for an industrious person
2
Google, Amazon and Facebook: three of America’s largest companies
3
monomaniacal: obsession with one idea to the exclusion of other concerns
4
Edison to Einstein: Thomas Edison was a scientist best known for inventing the
lightbulb; Albert Einstein was a scientist best known for advancing the field of physics
 –3– 2224 – 2020

How to tame the swarm

You will always want to attempt more than you can achieve.
Unfortunately, pulling yourself in too many directions is the single quickest way to ensure failure.
And putting your all into a single direction is the quickest way to ensure success.

So try this:
1. Aim higher. If your ambitions are small, they’re easily overpowered. Big goals are paradoxically
more likely to stick because they’re worth ignoring smaller goals for.
2. Limit to three. Keep up to three lists for different parts of your life – say ‘work’, ‘home’ and
‘weekend’. Each list only gets one objective. If you absolutely must have more, just know that
each addition quarters the odds of that area succeeding.
3. Put it off. Anything which isn’t top priority now can be done optimally later. Mark Zuckerberg5
was smart to start Facebook first and then learn Chinese. Your goals are the same, you’re just
usually too attached to them in the moment to notice.
4. Beware your idle wants. Watch out for ‘other things that you also want’. They will feel
comforting, harmless, and automatic. They are deadly. One new direction will quarter what you
can accomplish.
5. Line up your bumblebees. You may not be able to create the next Google, cure cancer
and land on Mars at the same time. But you might be able to simultaneously become, say, a
successful and athletic CEO6. Success and fitness can be complementary goals: a healthier
person can be a better leader. They’re like two bumblebees, pushing in the same direction,
and stronger for it.
The few people who have achieved the most staggering, world changing things with their lives
didn’t do so by dividing their intentions. They aimed high, got their bumblebees in line, and said no
to all the other opportunities that life presented them.
If you want the power to follow your dreams, you have to say no to all the alternatives. It’s not easy,
but if that’s for you, at least you know the price.

5
Mark Zuckerberg: founder of Facebook
6
CEO: chief executive officer, or the top-level manager at a company

– How do authorial choices help to create a persuasive message?

Turn over / Tournez la page / Véase al dorso

2. The following comic is taken from edgrace.co.uk; Ed Grace’s work celebrates the 10-year anniversary of Columbus, the European science
lab housed at the International Space Station1.

THE EUROPEAN
SPACE AGENCY
AHEM… THE DEVICE WHICH ASTRONAUT
KANAI WILL BE WEARING FOR
I’M WORRIED ABOUT ASTRONAUT KANAI… THE NEXT 36 HOURS MONITORS
HIS CORE BODY TEMPERATURE …THIS IS
OVER TIME – THAT’S ONE OF THE THE FINAL
SENSORS, ATTACHED TO HIS HEAD. PHASE OF…
THE OTHER IS TAPED
TO HIS STERNUM2. WAIT A
MINUTE!
IT’S AN EXPERIMENT TO MONITOR
HOW ASTRONAUTS’ CIRCADIAN
RHYTHMS3 ARE AFFECTED BY
SPACE TRAVEL AND LIVING IN BIOLAB… ARE
AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE THEY YOU EVEN
CAN SEE UP TO 16 SUNSETS AND LISTENING??
WHY? SUNRISES A DAY.
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS AFFECT
–4–

WAKEFULNESS BUT ALSO ABILITY

TO CONCENTRATE, COGNITION,
WELL… HE’S DIGESTION AND MANY OTHER SYSTEMS.
WEARING UNDERSTANDING HOW THESE ARE HOW IRONIC…
HIS MP3 PLAYER WHAT??? AFFECTED WILL HELP US TO IMPROVE
ALL THE TIME, OH – DIDN’T PERFORMANCE AND HEALTH FOR CREW
MEMBERS – AND ALSO ALLOW US TO
WITH THE YOU WATCH SCHEDULE DEMANDING ACTIVITIES FOR
EARPHONES THE WHEN ASTRONAUTS ARE IN
TAPED TO HIS PEAK CONDITION.
PRESENTATION?
FOREHEAD… I
THINK HE’S GOT A LET ME
LITTLE… SPACED SUM IT UP
OUT. FOR YOU…

OUR DISCOVERIES WILL

ALSO HELP PEOPLE
WORKING IRREGULAR
HOURS ON EARTH, LIKE
DOCTORS, EMERGENCY
EPM – THE EUROPEAN WORKERS AND MINERS.
BIOLAB PHYSIOLOGY MODULE
2224 – 2020
1
International Space Station: a large orbiting spacecraft where astronauts conduct scientific research
2
sternum: the long, flat bone that runs down the centre of the chest and connects the ribcage
3
circadian rhythms: the internal clock in the brain that regulates cycles of alertness and sleepiness prompted by sunlight and
darkness

– How does the narrative style used in the comic contribute to the presentation of this scientific information?


–5–
2224 – 2020
Disclaimer/Avertissement/Advertencia:
Content used in IB assessments is taken from authentic, third-party sources. The views expressed within them belong to their
individual authors and/or publishers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IB.
Le contenu utilisé dans les évaluations de l’IB est extrait de sources authentiques issues de tierces parties. Les avis qui y sont
exprimés appartiennent à leurs auteurs et/ou éditeurs, et ne reflètent pas nécessairement ceux de l’IB.
Los contenidos usados en las evaluaciones del IB provienen de fuentes externas auténticas. Las opiniones expresadas en ellos
pertenecen a sus autores y/o editores, y no reflejan necesariamente las del IB.

References/Références/Referencias:
1. Emberton, O., 2015. If you want to follow your dreams, you have to say no to all the alternatives. Oliver Emberton,
[online] Available at: https://oliveremberton.com/2014/if-you-want-to-follow-your-dreams-you-have-to-say-no-to-all-
the-alternatives/ [Accessed 6 September 2023]. Source adapted.
2. Available at: https://edgrace.co.uk.
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2024

All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced in any form or by any
electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems,
without the prior written permission from the IB. Additionally, the license tied with this
product prohibits use of any selected files or extracts from this product. Use by third
parties, including but not limited to publishers, private teachers, tutoring or study services,
preparatory schools, vendors operating curriculum mapping services or teacher resource
digital platforms and app developers, whether fee-covered or not, is prohibited and is a
criminal offense.

More information on how to request written permission in the form of a license can be
obtained from https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-
license/.

© Organisation du Baccalauréat International 2024

Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de ce produit ne peut être reproduite sous quelque
forme ni par quelque moyen que ce soit, électronique ou mécanique, y compris des
systèmes de stockage et de récupération d’informations, sans l’autorisation écrite
préalable de l’IB. De plus, la licence associée à ce produit interdit toute utilisation de tout
fichier ou extrait sélectionné dans ce produit. L’utilisation par des tiers, y compris, sans
toutefois s’y limiter, des éditeurs, des professeurs particuliers, des services de tutorat ou
d’aide aux études, des établissements de préparation à l’enseignement supérieur, des
fournisseurs de services de planification des programmes d’études, des gestionnaires de
plateformes pédagogiques en ligne, et des développeurs d’applications, moyennant
paiement ou non, est interdite et constitue une infraction pénale.

Pour plus d’informations sur la procédure à suivre pour obtenir une autorisation écrite
sous la forme d’une licence, rendez-vous à l’adresse https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/
ib-publishing/licensing/applying-for-a-license/.

© Organización del Bachillerato Internacional, 2024

Todos los derechos reservados. No se podrá reproducir ninguna parte de este producto
de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio electrónico o mecánico, incluidos los sistemas de
almacenamiento y recuperación de información, sin la previa autorización por escrito del
IB. Además, la licencia vinculada a este producto prohíbe el uso de todo archivo o
fragmento seleccionado de este producto. El uso por parte de terceros —lo que incluye,
a título enunciativo, editoriales, profesores particulares, servicios de apoyo académico o
ayuda para el estudio, colegios preparatorios, desarrolladores de aplicaciones y
entidades que presten servicios de planificación curricular u ofrezcan recursos para
docentes mediante plataformas digitales—, ya sea incluido en tasas o no, está prohibido
y constituye un delito.

En este enlace encontrará más información sobre cómo solicitar una autorización por
escrito en forma de licencia: https://ibo.org/become-an-ib-school/ib-publishing/licensing/
applying-for-a-license/.
English A: language and literature – Standard level – Paper 1
Anglais A : langue et littérature – Niveau moyen – Épreuve 1
Inglés A: Lengua y Literatura – Nivel Medio – Prueba 1
9 May 2024 / 9 mai 2024 / 9 de mayo de 2024
Zone A afternoon Zone B afternoon Zone C afternoon
Zone A après-midi Zone B après-midi Zone C après-midi
Zona A tarde Zona B tarde Zona C tarde

1 h 15 m

Instructions to candidates
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Write a guided analysis of text 1 or text 2.
y Use the guiding question or propose an alternative technical or formal aspect of the text to focus
your analysis.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [20 marks].

Instructions destinées aux candidats

y N’ouvrez pas cette épreuve avant d’y être autorisé(e).
y Rédigez une analyse dirigée du texte 1 ou du texte 2.
y Utilisez la question d’orientation ou proposez une autre manière d’aborder le texte en
choisissant un aspect technique ou formel sur lequel concentrer votre analyse.
y Le nombre maximum de points pour cette épreuve d’examen est de [20 points].

Instrucciones para los alumnos

y No abra esta prueba hasta que se lo autoricen.
y Escriba un análisis guiado del texto 1 o del texto 2.
y Utilice la pregunta de orientación o proponga otro aspecto técnico o formal del texto en el que
centrar su análisis.
y La puntuación máxima para esta prueba de examen es [20 puntos].

2224 – 2023
5 pages/páginas © International Baccalaureate Organization 2024
 –2– 2224 – 2023

Write a guided analysis of one of the following texts.

1. The following opinion article was published in UX Collective, an online newsletter and blog that helps
designers think more critically about their work, particularly in the area of user experience (UX).

A radical opinion on ChatGPT1

Churn out every idea and then burn it down.

Thomas Maisey

We need to talk about ChatGPT. Actually, not just ChatGPT but all AI-powered content
development tools. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been chipping at creatives for a while,
5 and this technological transformation is going to create as many opportunities as it does
headaches for various sectors.

Discussions online so far have focused on embracing it wholesale or resisting the intrusion
of AI into day-to-day work. But I think a lot of the judgment has focused too much on saving
time, money, and resources.

10 Instead, we should shift our thinking to see this as a problem of originality. A challenge to get
back to being remarkable. An opportunity to streamline brainstorming and ideation2. To hold
a mirror up to ourselves and ask – is this really what I want to put out there?

Machine Learning in a Nutshell

One of the most common forms of AI is Machine Learning, which teaches computers to think
15 in a similar way to how humans do. Essentially, it takes a massive set of data and processes it
to spot patterns in the data that can be used to predicate the outcome of future similar cases.

It’s Machine Learning that’s powering ChatGPT as it’s received tonnes of training data to
be able to churn out impressive predictive content in response to our text prompts. In fact,
when most companies today use AI, they are most likely using Machine Learning. Think
20 about how streaming services and social media feeds retain your attention with tailored
recommendations. Prediction engines are powerful.
1
ChatGPT: an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool that can create texts in response
to prompts entered by users
2
ideation: a creative process in which designers generate ideas
 –3– 2224 – 2023

Why Creative Machine Learning Should Shake Us

When I played around with ChatGPT I was both impressed and saddened.

Never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure of speech that you are used to
25 seeing in print. — George Orwell3

When Orwell penned this in his essay ‘Why I Write’, he was capturing an idea, a point of
view on what it means to push yourself to be original in a crowded space. And the discipline
it requires over time to keep yourself that way.

It’s the same idea, expressed in a different context, that Seth Godin4 put forward in his
30 marketing manifesto ‘Purple Cow’. Every communicator wants to be remarkable; otherwise,
you are not worth remembering. And if you’re not remembered, your identity is lost and the
value of your user experience is zero.

See, ChatGPT will be a threat to being remarkable and original if it’s not embraced in a
radical way. Because it’s trained on commonplace content – on massive amounts of data
35 which hold patterns that can be read and predicated – that means if it’s churning out a
fundraising email, brand mission statement, or film script, it’s opting for the common and
unremarkable. It’s our job, our challenge, to push beyond that and be unpredictable.

Getting Radical with ChatGPT

When I talk about seeing this rise in AI as a challenge to get back to being remarkable, I
40 envision a couple of ways to seize this opportunity to streamline ideation.

1. C
 hurn out every idea and then burn it down: Embrace head on, churn out as many
concepts as ChatGPT can provide you. Review them and understand the common
points. Then use none of it. Throw it away. Challenge ourselves to produce work that
looks nothing like that at all and listen to no one who does.

Find a place for the content and park it there: Use it for the drumbeat content, the
45 2. 
everyday products you need to fill space in your workflow. But be strict; limit the
unremarkableness it churns out to say 30% of your output. Once you park its usage
in that area of your workflow, you can free up your time and energy to go beyond the
common in the bigger areas you focus on.
50 These are just two radical starting points in the call to view the rise of Machine Learning
content as a way to hold a mirror up to ourselves as creators.

3
George Orwell: a writer most famous for his dystopian novel 1984
4
Seth Godin: a non-fiction author who specializes in marketing. His book Purple
Cow urges readers to improve their marketing by creating something phenomenal,
counterintuitive, exciting, and flat-out unbelievable, like a purple cow.

– How does the writer structure this article to present the argument?

Turn over / Tournez la page / Véase al dorso

 –4– 2224 – 2023

2. The following infographic was published by the Africa Digital Media Foundation, whose mission is
to mobilize skills, finance, and policy changes to create jobs for youth in Africa’s digital economy.

THE “WOODS”
BIG NAMES IT NOT ONLY CREATES JOBS FOR
WE ALL KNOW
take precedence - Actors
Most popular US
filmmaking 1st
Hollywood.

2 nd a
- Directors

i
OVER WELL TOLD

Ind
- Dolly grips1 countries in
STORIES - Stunt doubles the world
with audiences to Jakarta.
BUT IT ALSO CREATES
from New Jersey
HUGE OPPORTUNITIES FOR
Hollywood plays a key part in the OTHER INDUSTRIES LIKE
of Hollywood movies economy and politics of the - Restaurants for staff to eat in Nigeria
have a budget over U.S., contributing - Equipment providers for cameras, 6th
Ko
$51 billion lenses and grips rea
$1,000,000. TO THE ECONOMY. - Make-up artists.

Bollywood while serving a Bollywood

makes
Lavish Critics say the success BOLLYWOOD GREW BY
population produces
$4.5B target of 1,000
productions
cost less than
isn’t driven by strong
artistic merit or human-
27% IN 2017
AND IT’S STILL GROWING.
ANNUALLY 1.3B. movies annually. $1,000,000. impact storylines.

Nollywood Productions Stories are purely Every Nigerian NOLLYWOOD GREW

produces
in less than
a month at
Nigerian.
They are about
who can afford
a $2 DVD has
$2 AND GREW.
2,000 a cost of Nigerian people doing the opportunity
Nollywood’s audience isn’t too
fussed about high production
movies annually. $20,000 Nigerian things. to be a patron. value and original storylines.

Hallyuwood The Korean In 2020, Parasite, a Korean

are the top producers of government Storyline film with subtitles…yes, WITH 4X
cultural products in the invested money and takes center SUBTITLES, won the Hallyuwood grew by
encouraged stage. Oscar2 for best picture. 4X in the last
world.
the industry. The game was changed. 15 years.

The “Woods”

Hollywood
Bollywood
Way Forward Hallyuwood
Nollywood
TARGET HOME AUDIENCE
So what can other
or you can think big and aspiring ‘woods’ do to
aim for the stars. emulate the success of
Oops, sorry, the world. these major players?

1
dolly grips: technicians who operate a camera dolly, which is a wheeled cart on
which a camera is mounted for smooth shots
2
Oscar: an award presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
that recognizes excellence in cinematic achievements
 –5– 2224 – 2023

What do we need for Don’t scrimp on production. This is the

single most important thing.
East Africa to aim for
A movie or series needs to be on point
the world? with the latest cinematographic trends.

It needs to be Films need to be visual. What do all the international

blockbusters that come from outside of the US have
flawlessly produced
in common? They are visually stunning and use the
to international camera to the best of its ability. Dialogue alone isn’t
standards. going to win an Oscar for best picture.

The country needs to get behind it. Politicians.

Ambassadors. Celebrities. Influencers. Nigeria’s
president called Nollywood the country’s ‘shining light’.
Korea’s politicians introduced quotas for screening of
domestic films.

Actors But also We need talent, and it needs

Film directors make-up artists
Dolly grips Sound engineers to be nurtured, encouraged,
Stunt doubles And digital marketers. and resourced.

And we, as individuals, We need incubators and

consumers, decision-makers, accelerators for good ideas
mentors and legislators need and talented young artists full
to do our part to encourage of potential.
this talent to thrive. INCUBATORS
ENCOURAGE TALENT ACCELERATORS

DIRECTOR

We need to own our stories, Good ideas, well executed,

and tell them in a way that with a professional team,
makes everybody look will secure investment and
and listen. screen time.
SECURE
OWN OUR STORIES INVESTMENT

Soon you won’t be able to see the trees for the “woods”.
CINEMA

– How do visual elements and text contribute to this exploration of the film industry?

Disclaimer/Avertissement/Advertencia:
Content used in IB assessments is taken from authentic, third-party sources. The views expressed within them belong to their
individual authors and/or publishers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IB.
Le contenu utilisé dans les évaluations de l’IB est extrait de sources authentiques issues de tierces parties. Les avis qui y sont
exprimés appartiennent à leurs auteurs et/ou éditeurs, et ne reflètent pas nécessairement ceux de l’IB.
Los contenidos usados en las evaluaciones del IB provienen de fuentes externas auténticas. Las opiniones expresadas en ellos
pertenecen a sus autores y/o editores, y no reflejan necesariamente las del IB.

References/Références/Referencias:
1. Maisey, T., 2022. A radical opinion on ChatGPT. UX Collective, [online] Available at: https://uxdesign.cc/a-radical-
opinion-on-chatgpt-e70a9983efcc [Accessed 5 September 2023]. Source adapted.
2. Africa Digital Media Foundation, 2020. The “Woods”. [image online] Available at: https://admf.or.ke/wp-content/
uploads/2020/10/ADMF-Woods-Infographic.pdf [Accessed 5 September 2023]. Source adapted.