A Study On Effective Social Security Measures

and It’s Impact Empolyee Performance

1. Definition Of Social Security .

 Social security is the protection that a society provides to individuals and
households to ensure access to health care and to guarantee income security,
particularly in cases of old age, unemployment, sickness, invalidity, work
injury, maternity or loss of a breadwinner ( ILO 2017 ).
 A set of policies and programs designed to reduce poverty and economic
insecurity by providing income support and services to individuals facing
various contingencies such as unemployment, old age, disability, and family
responsibilities ( Midgley J 2010 ) .
 The structure of modern social security and factors influencing its change",
and separate definitions are given for each of the concepts of social security,
social guarantee, social insurance and social support, differences and
connections are revealed. At the same time, definitions were given of the types
of social security: pensions, benefits, social services and social assistance, and
today the specific features of each type of social security and factors affecting
the structure of social security and its change are considered Also, in order to
improve the standard of living and well-being of the population of our country,
scientific conclusions and recommendations are presented on ensuring social
protection.
2. Important Of Social Security in Employment
 Human Didnity and Social Justice : social security upholds human
dignity and promotes social justice .
 Instrument of Justice ; It is a key tool for achieving social and econamic
justice and equality .
 Employee Protection ; Provides psychological security to employees during
contingencies enchancing their productivity .
 Investment in workforce ; Money spend on social security is a valuable
investment and the country .
 Essential Component ; Social security is a crucial part of
government policy in india as a welfare state .
  Public policy in welfare stare ; In welfare state social security is a
vital for public policy and its neglect hinders equality and justice .
3. Historical Background
The idea of social security has changed over time due to
economic, social, and political factors. In the past, people relied on
family, work, and charity for financial support. In ancient Greece,
olive oil was saved for security. The Middle Ages saw the rise of
guilds that offered help to their members. As the Industrial
Revolution created new risks, formal social security systems
emerged. In India, social security started developing in the late 19th
century. The International Labour Organization helped promote
social security globally, leading to laws like the Employees'
Compensation Act of 1923 and the Employees' State Insurance Act
of 1948. Today, social security includes pensions, healthcare, and
unemployment benefits for better economic stability.
4. Types of Social Security in Employment

5. Objective Of the Study

 To assess the current social security schemes in India
 To analyze the shortcomings and challenges faced by the existing social
security system.
 To identify and compare social security practices in India for socio-economic
upliftment.
 To investigate how social security measures contribute to inclusive growth by
reducing poverty, inequality, and social exclusion, and by enhancing economic
opportunities for all sections of society.
 To suggest actionable policy recommendations for strengthening and
expanding the social security system in India.
6. Scope of the Study
Social security encompasses protective measures extended to
employees, including unorganized workers, gig workers, and platform workers. Its
purpose is to ensure their access to healthcare and provide income security, especially
in situations such as old age, unemployment, sickness, invalidity, work-related
injuries, maternity, or the loss of a breadwinner. These rights and schemes are
conferred under the Code on Social Security .
7. Need for the Study
 Economic Stability: Social security programs help reduce poverty and
provide financial security to vulnerable populations.
 Workforce Protection: Ensuring fair wages, pensions, and healthcare benefits
improves worker productivity and well-being.
 Policy Development: Research helps governments design effective policies
that address gaps in existing social security systems.
 Social Equity: Understanding social security measures aids in promoting
inclusivity and reducing inequalities in society.
8. Research Problem Statement
Despite the presence of social security measures aimed at providing
financial and social protection, many vulnerable populations, including informal
sector workers, elderly individuals, and economically disadvantaged groups,
continue to face inadequate coverage and accessibility. The effectiveness of current
policies in ensuring equitable distribution of benefits remains uncertain, leading to
disparities in social welfare. This study seeks to analyze the limitations of existing
social security frameworks, assess their impact on different demographics, and
propose strategies for enhancing inclusivity and efficiency.
9. Theoretical Framework
 Social Risk Theory: Social security is designed to mitigate risks such as
unemployment, illness, disability, and old age, ensuring financial stability
for individuals.
 Welfare State Theory: Governments play a crucial role in providing social
security to promote economic equity and social justice.
 Human Rights Approach: Social security is considered a fundamental
right, ensuring dignity and protection for all citizens.
  Economic Productivity Theory: Social security measures enhance
workforce productivity by reducing financial stress and improving overall
well-being.
10. Impact On Employee Motivation
There has been some inconsistency that have taken place regarding the
significance of different motivational aspects. However, the consensus is that
motivation is individualistic, as it is described as being deliberate, multidimensional
and that the goal of motivational theories is to forecast behaviour . Additionally, the
difference between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation have been made clear and
significant . According to, they are required to deal with all hygiene and motivator
factors for uplifting workers motivation .
11. Employee Retention and Loyalty