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Fire Resisting Ductwork

Fire ducts are specialized duct systems designed to maintain functionality during a fire, crucial for smoke control and fire containment in buildings. They prevent smoke propagation, ensure critical airflow, and support safe evacuation and firefighting efforts. The document outlines the applications, performance criteria, and regulations for fire-rated ductwork, emphasizing its advantages over traditional fire dampers.

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6 views5 pages

Fire Resisting Ductwork

Fire ducts are specialized duct systems designed to maintain functionality during a fire, crucial for smoke control and fire containment in buildings. They prevent smoke propagation, ensure critical airflow, and support safe evacuation and firefighting efforts. The document outlines the applications, performance criteria, and regulations for fire-rated ductwork, emphasizing its advantages over traditional fire dampers.

Uploaded by

iraza416
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A fire duct, or fire-resisting duct, is a specially designed duct system engineered to maintain its

structural integrity and functionality during a fire. These ducts are an essential part of life safety
systems in modern buildings, supporting smoke control, stairwell pressurization, and fire
ENGR. SYED SAAD ALI

containment strategies.

PURPOSE OF FIRE DUCTS


The primary objectives of fire-rated ductwork are:

➢ To contain fire within designated compartments

➢ To prevent smoke propagation through the ventilation system

➢ To ensure continued operation of critical airflow systems during fire

➢ To provide safe evacuation paths and support firefighting efforts

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APPLICATIONS
BS 9999:2017 Code of Practice for Fire Safety in the Design Management and use of Buildings
details the four principal methods of protection as follows:

A. Method 1 - Protection using Fire Dampers (thermally actuated)


B. Method 2 - Protection using Fire Resisting Enclosures
C. Method 3 - Protection using Fire Resisting Ductwork
D. Method 4 - Protection using Fire and Smoke Dampers (automatically actuated via smoke
detectors)
ENGR. SYED SAAD ALI

Good practice dictates that fire dampers should not be installed in the following systems and
therefore Fire Resisting Ductwork is used.

➢ Smoke extraction systems


➢ Dual ventilation/smoke extraction systems
➢ Car park extraction systems
➢ Kitchen extraction systems
➢ Pressurization

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*Motorized fire/smoke dampers may be used in conjunction with fire resisting ductwork but not
in kitchen extract systems.

Fire resisting ductwork may prove to be a cost-effective alternative to fire dampers in general
ductwork systems (particularly over the lifetime of a building).

➢ No capital or installation cost of fire/smoke dampers and associated access doors. No


reliance on mechanical fire dampers which may fail in time.
➢ No regular testing regime.
➢ No electrical wiring and control system associated with smoke dampers.

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
ENGR. SYED SAAD ALI

The Building Regulations Approved Document B (volume 2} gives detailed guidance on fire safety.
This document sets out time periods for stability, integrity and insulation for various compartment
walls and floors in a building. Ducts which penetrate compartment walls and floors must achieve
the same fire resistance as the compartments through which they pass.

The design of fire-resistant ductwork of all types is described in BS5588 Part 9 & BS9999 (Various
Sections)

BS476: Part 24 describes the method for testing ductwork to establish time periods for stability,
integrity and insulation. The testing covers the types of fire exposure, Duct A {Fire Outside) and
Duct B {Fire Inside).

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REGULATION AND CODES
ENGR. SYED SAAD ALI

TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Fire rated ductwork must satisfy B5476 Part 24:1987, achieving the following fire resistance.

Duct Type A (Fire Outside) & Duct Type B (Fire Inside)

➢ Stability 240 mins


➢ Integrity 240 mins
➢ Insulation 120 mins {60 mins on kitchen extract)

INSULATED SYSTEMS
Insulation is specified where there is a risk of a fire being ignited due to radiant heat for example:

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STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
In order to ensure fire rated ductwork is correctly specified several factors should be carefully
considered.

A. Define the type of system - Smoke extract, car park extract, kitchen extract, pressurization,
general ventilation, dual ventilation/smoke extraction system.
B. State the fire rating to BS476 Part 24: 1987 in minutes for:
1. Stability
2. Integrity
3. Insulation
C. Define the operating pressure limits of the ductwork as defined by HVCA specification
DW144.
ENGR. SYED SAAD ALI

1. Low (Class A up to 500Pa positive or 500Pa negative)


2. Medium (Class B up to 1000Pa positive or 750Pa negative)
3. High (Class Cup to 2000Pa positive or 750Pa negative)
4. High (Class Duo to 2000Pa positive or 750Pa negative)
D. Define the requirements for access doors requirement for maintenance and cleaning as
defined by HVCA specification DW144 and TR19.

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