4PH1-2PR Jun24
4PH1-2PR Jun24
UNIT: 4PH1
PAPER: 2PR
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 70.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Write your answers neatly and in good English.
• Try to answer every question.
• your answers if you have time at the end.
Check
Turn over
P73430A
©2024 Pearson Education Ltd.
F:1/1/1/1/1/1/
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FORMULAE
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energy transferred = current × voltage × time E = I×V×t
1 1
frequency = f=
time period T
work done W
power = P=
time taken t
energy transferred W
power = P=
time taken t
2π × orbital radius 2×π×r
orbital speed = v=
time period T
pressure p1 p2
= constant =
temperature T1 T2
change in momentum ( mv − mu )
force = F=
time taken t
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Answer ALL questions.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
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answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 This question is about stars.
The diagram shows an incomplete Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram.
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Sun
D
B
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(c) Which star is a white dwarf?
(1)
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(d) At a standard distance from the Earth, which star is brighter than the Sun and has
a greater surface temperature than the Sun?
(1)
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2 This question is about nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
(a) The table gives some statements about nuclear fission, or nuclear fusion, or both
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nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
Place ticks () in the table to show which statements are about nuclear fission
and which statements are about nuclear fusion.
(3)
energy is released
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moderator
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3 A sample of liquid gallium is allowed to cool in a laboratory.
The liquid gallium freezes to become a solid.
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(a) Complete the diagram by drawing the arrangement of particles in a liquid and
the arrangement of particles in a solid.
The first particle in each box has been drawn for you.
(4)
Liquid Solid
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(b) The initial temperature of the sample of liquid gallium is 80 °C.
The freezing temperature of gallium is 30 °C.
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Temperature
in °C
Time
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4 The photograph shows transmission cables used for long-distance transmission
of electricity.
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(Source: © Paul Maguire / Shutterstock)
(b) Explain how the amount of current in the transmission cables increases the
efficiency of the transmission of electricity.
(3)
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5 The diagram shows the collision between two balls, A and B.
The masses and velocities of both balls are shown before and after the collision.
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Ball B is stationary before the collision.
v
4.9 m/s 3.5 m/s
A B A B
0.018 kg 0.018 kg
0.265 kg 0.265 kg
(a) When the balls collide, ball B applies a force on ball A, which causes the velocity
of ball A to change.
Ball A also applies a force on ball B during the collision.
Describe how the force applied on ball A compares with the force applied on
ball B during the collision.
(2)
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(c) Show that the velocity, v, of ball B after the collision is about 0.6 m / s.
(4)
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(d) A collision is considered elastic if the total kinetic energy before the collision is
equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision.
Using data from the diagram, deduce whether this collision is elastic.
(4)
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6 This question is about generating electricity from renewable energy resources.
(a) Photograph 1 shows a solar farm in the United Kingdom and photograph 2 shows
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Photograph 1 Photograph 2
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(b) A student investigates how the amount of light affects the output voltage of a
solar cell.
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Photograph 3 shows how the student sets up their equipment.
lamp
solar cell
ruler
voltmeter
Photograph 3
(i) The student varies the distance between the solar cell and the lamp and
measures the output voltage of the solar cell at each distance.
The student’s results are shown below.
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*P73430A01624*
Draw a table showing the student’s results.
(3)
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(iii) The student states that the solar cell could be used as a power source for
the lamp.
They suggest that this would work if
• the solar cell is connected directly to the lamp
• the light from the lamp is used to produce the output power from the
solar cell
Explain, with reference to the principle of conservation of energy, why the
student’s suggestion would not work.
(2)
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7 The diagram shows two students doing an experiment to measure the speed of
sound in air.
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wall
students
100 m
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(i) The students decide that one of their tests shows an anomalous result.
Circle the anomalous result in the table.
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(1)
(ii) Suggest a reason for the anomalous result.
(1)
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(iii) Calculate the mean time between starting and stopping the timer.
Give your answer to a suitable number of decimal places.
(3)
distance travelled
speed =
time taken
Use the students’ results to calculate a value for the speed of sound in air.
(3)
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8 The diagram shows a machine that can be used to measure the speed of
fast‑moving protons.
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proton
detector
negative
plate
force
proton
path of
proton
magnetic
field
(a) At the start, the proton is attracted towards a negatively charged plate.
(i) Give a reason why the proton is attracted to the negatively charged plate.
(1)
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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
*P73430A02024*
(ii) The proton accelerates at 1.90 × 1011 m / s2 from rest to a speed of
1.38 × 105 m / s.
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Show that the time taken for this acceleration is about 7 × 10–7 s.
(3)
(b) The proton passes through a hole in the negatively charged plate and enters an
area where there is a magnetic field.
The magnetic field exerts a force on the proton, as shown in the diagram.
This force causes the proton to follow a circular path without changing speed.
(i) Give the direction of the magnetic field.
(1)
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(ii) Suggest how increasing the strength of the magnetic field will affect the
proton when it is moving in the magnetic field.
(2)
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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
*P73430A02124* Turn over
9 An oscilloscope can be used to determine the frequency of a sound wave.
(a) Give the name of the piece of apparatus that must be connected to the
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oscilloscope to detect the sound wave.
(1)
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(b) The diagram shows the screen of the oscilloscope and the oscilloscope settings.
oscilloscope settings:
y direction: 1 square = 2 V
x direction: 1 square = 0.001 s
22
*P73430A02224*
(c) The graph shows how the wavelength of sound waves in air varies with
their frequency.
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4.0
3.0
Wavelength
2.0
in m
1.0
0
0 200 400 600 800
Frequency in Hz
Using the graph, evaluate whether the wavelength of sound waves in air is
inversely proportional to their frequency.
(3)
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................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
*P73430A02324*
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*P73430A02424*
BLANK PAGE
24
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)
Friday 14 June 2024
Paper
reference 4PH1/2PR
Physics
UNIT: 4PH1
PAPER: 2PR
Equation Booklet
Do not return this Booklet with the question paper.
Turn over
*P73430A*
P73430A
©2024 Pearson Education Ltd.
F:1/1/1/1/1/1/
These equations may be required for both International GCSE Physics (4PH1) and
International GCSE Combined Science (4SD0) papers.
distance moved
average speed =
time taken
2. Electricity
3. Waves
1 1
frequency = f =
time period T
1 1
sin critical angle sin c =
refractive index n
2 P73430A
4. Energy resources and energy transfers
1 1
kinetic energy = × mass × speed2 KE m v 2
2 2
work done W
power = P=
time taken t
mass m
density =
volume V
force F
pressure = p=
area A
pressure difference = height × density × gravitational field strength
p=h×ρ×g
pressure p1 p2
= constant =
temperature T1 T2
8. Astrophysics
The equations on the following page will only be required for International GCSE Physics.
P73430A 3
Turn over
These additional equations may be required in International GCSE Physics papers 2P
and 2PR.
force =
change in momentum
F
mv mu
time taken t
8. Astrophysics
4 P73430A