Personal Protective

Equipment

• Determine the different types of PPE

• Distinguish the appropriate and approved
types of PPE needed in a workplace
• Know the limitations of PPE

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 Personal Protective
Equipment
Personal protective equipment are variety of
devices and garments designed to serve as
a barrier between workers and workplace
hazards.

Guidelines in PPE use

1. Identify the hazard
2. Understand the effect
3. Choose the appropriate and approved type of PPE
4. Train workers
- When PPE is necessary
- What PPE is necessary
- How to properly wear and adjust the PPE
- The limitations of PPE
- The proper care, maintenance, useful life, and
disposal of PPE

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 Personal Protective
Equipment
Head Protection Eye & Face Protection

Hearing Protection Respiratory Protection

Hand & Arm Protection Foot Protection

Torso Protection Fall Protection

Occupational Head Hazards & Effects

HAZARDS EFFECTS

Impact from falling objects Perforation/fracture

Bump against rigid of the skull
stationary objects
Penetration by sharp objects
Contact with live electrical Electrical shock
conductors
Fire hazards Burns

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Hard Hat or
Safety Helmet

A rigid device that is

worn to provide head
protection from falling
materials and which is
held in place by a
suitable suspension.

Parts of a Hard Hat

1. The hard outer shell protects the head from

sharp objects, such as falling tool.
2. The suspension system includes the
headband and straps on the inside of the
hat.
3. The chin strap secure the hard hat to the
wearer’s head.
4. The brim redirects a falling object away.

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 Characteristics of Hard Hats (ANSI Z89.1)

HARD HAT must be able to absorb the shock

of the blow from falling objects and be able to
resist penetration from sharp objects.

Hard hats vary as to electrical resistant

capability.

Additional characteristics of a hard hat is

its ability for low water absorption and
slow flammability rate of the shell.

Types of Headwear

Type 1 - protection from impact and

penetration at the crown (top)

Type 2 - protection from impact, penetration

at the crown (top) and laterally (sides)

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 Classes of Safety Helmets
(ANSI Z89.1)

Class “A” or “G” - in addition to impact and penetration

resistance, provide electrical protection from low
voltage conductors. Proof tested to 2,200 volts

Class “B” or “E”– in addition to impact and penetration

resistance, provide electrical protection from high
voltage conductors. Proof tested to 20,000 volts

Class “C” – provide impact and penetration protection

and should not be used around electrical hazards.

Eye & Face

Protection
Eye and face protective
equipment shall be required
where there is a reasonable
probability of injury that can
be prevented by such
equipment.

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 Occupational Eye and Face Hazards

1. Large flying particles and fragments from operations

such as caulking, chiseling, metal working and
riveting.
2. Dust, fumes, mists, and small particles from
woodworking, light grinding, sanding, metal
working, spot welding, scaling, and paint spraying.
3. Vapors and liquids from solvents and paints.
4. Intense heat and radiation from furnace tending,
electric welding, and oxyacetylene welding and
cutting.

Effects of Occupational Eye and Face

Hazards

EFFECTS

1. Permanent loss of vision

2. Temporary loss of vision
3. Inflamed eyes
4. Skin Burns
5. Lacerations
6. Fractures
7. Broken Teeth

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 Eye and Face Protection
(ANSI Z87.1)

1.Safety Spectacles
2.Eye Goggles
3.Face Shields

Safety Spectacles or Glasses are primary protective

devices intended to shield the wearer’s eyes from flying and
striking objects, glare and injurious radiation hazards.

Goggles are primary protective devices intended to fit the face

immediately surrounding the eyes.

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Face Shield is a protective device
intended to shield the wearer’s face, or
portions thereof from striking objects or
chemical, heat and glare hazards.

Use of Eye and Face Protections

"A a general rule, face shields should be

worn over suitable basic eye protection."

- National Safety Council

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When Should You Wear a Hearing Protection
Device?

You should wear a hearing

protection device whenever
you are exposed to noise that
is 85 - 90 decibels or greater
for an 8-hour period of time.

ARM’S LENGTH RULE

 “If two people (with no hearing
impairment) have to raise their voices or
shout to be heard in a distance of less
than an arm’s length from each other,
the sound level is potentially
hazardous.”
blah, blah, blah…

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 Types of Hearing Protectors
Earplugs
Hearing protectors placed inside the ear to
block out noise. To work effectively, they
should fit snugly into the ear canal.

Types of Hearing Protectors

Earmuffs
A device composed of a headband with two cushioned ear
cups that form a seal around the outer ear, covering it
completely and blocking out the noise.

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 RESPIRATORY HAZARDS
Acids/Mists
Solvents/Vapors
Gases / Smoke
Dusts/Particulates
Heavy Metals/Fumes

FILTRATION RESPIRATORS
or Mechanical Respirators screen
out dust and some form of mist.
Such Filters need to be replaced
at frequent intervals.

CHEMICAL CARTRIDGE
DEVICES remove contaminants
by passing the tainted air
through material that traps the
harmful portions. There are
specific cartridges for specific
contaminants.

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 AIR-SUPPLYING EQUIPMENT
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
Supply air from an air tank is strapped at
the person’s back.

Hand and Arm Hazards

• 1. Temperature extremes
• 2. Chemical exposures and
splashes
• 3. Sharp objects
• 4. Fire
• 5. Abrasive materials
• 6. Live Electrical Conductors

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Common Hand & Arm Injury
• Burns
• Bruises
• Abrasions
• Cuts
• Punctures
• Fractures
• Amputations
• Electrocution

Different kinds of gloves

Metal-meshed Leather gloves Vinyl & neoprene

gloves resist shield your hands gloves protect
sharp edges and from rough your hands
prevent cuts surfaces and heat against toxic
chemicals

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 GLOVES continued…

Rubber gloves
Welder’s gloves
protect you when
protect your
working around
hands from heat
electricity.
and flames

GLOVES continued…

Latex disposable Lead-lined gloves are Cotton gloves

gloves are used to used to protect your help grasp
protect your hands hands from radiation slippery objects
from germs and sources. and protect
bacteria against slivers,
dirt,, moderate
heat or cold.

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 Foot and Leg Protection
Hazards:
Falling or rolling objects
Sharp objects
Live Electrical conductors
Hot surfaces
Wet, slippery surfaces

Common Foot and Leg Injury

• Fractures
• Punctures
• Burns
• Cuts
• Amputations
• Electrocution

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 Safety Shoes

Steel toe cap

footwear protects your
toes from being crushed
by falling objects.

Mid-sole steel plate

protects the foot from punctured
hazards.

Safety Shoes Classification

(ASTM F 2413)

Heavy Duty or Class 75

Medium Duty or Class 50

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Electrical Properties of Safety Shoes

ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE footwear are

insulated with tough rubber to prevent shocks
and burns from electricity.

ELECTROSTATIC DISSIPATING footwear

conducts static electricity to floors that are
grounded.

LIMITATIONS OF PPE

1. The hazard still exists.

2. A defective PPE offers no protection
3. The PPE may introduce additional hazard.
4. Most PPE are not for continuous use.
5. Improper wearing may not give maximum
protection.
6. It may transfer hazard to another location.

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 Summary
• Assess the workplace for hazards
• Use engineering and work practice controls to
eliminate or reduce hazards before using PPE
• Select appropriate and approved PPE to protect
employees from hazards that cannot be
eliminated
• Inform employees why the PPE is necessary,
how and when it must be worn
• Train employees how to use and care for their
PPE, including how to recognize deterioration
and failure
• Require employees to wear selected PPE

Thank you for Listening!

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