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Bitmap Image

A bitmap image is a digital image composed of pixels arranged in a grid, known for its high detail and common use in photographs and illustrations. While bitmap images offer advantages like detailed representation and widespread software support, they are resolution-dependent and can have large file sizes. In contrast, vector images allow for infinite scalability and smaller file sizes, but lack the detail of bitmap images, making each type suitable for different applications.

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8 views

Bitmap Image

A bitmap image is a digital image composed of pixels arranged in a grid, known for its high detail and common use in photographs and illustrations. While bitmap images offer advantages like detailed representation and widespread software support, they are resolution-dependent and can have large file sizes. In contrast, vector images allow for infinite scalability and smaller file sizes, but lack the detail of bitmap images, making each type suitable for different applications.

Uploaded by

sumanchy2055
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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bitmap image

A bitmap image, also known as a raster image, is a digital image made up of pixels arranged in a
grid-like pattern. Each pixel in a bitmap image contains information about the color and brightness
of that particular point in the image. Bitmap images are commonly used for photographs,
illustrations, and other complex images that require a high level of detail.

One of the defining characteristics of a bitmap image is its resolution, which is measured in pixels per
inch (PPI) or dots per inch (DPI). The higher the resolution, the more detail and clarity the image will
have, but also the larger the file size. Another characteristic of bitmap images is that they are
resolution-dependent, which means that the quality of the image can degrade if it is scaled up or
down too much.

Bitmap images are commonly used in various digital media, including web pages, print materials,
and digital art. However, they are not ideal for all types of images. For example, vector images are
better suited for images that require smooth lines and shapes, such as logos or diagrams.

Examples of common bitmap image file formats include JPEG, PNG, BMP, and TIFF.

explain the advantage and disadvantage of


bitmap over vector image
Bitmap and vector images are two different types of digital graphics, each with
its own advantages and disadvantages. Here are some of the advantages and
disadvantages of bitmap images over vector images:

Advantages of Bitmap Images:

1. High levels of detail: Bitmap images can represent complex images and
photographic detail, and can achieve very high levels of detail.
2. Widespread support: Bitmap images are widely supported in graphics
software and are commonly used on the web.
3. Easy to edit: Bitmap images can be edited using a range of software and
can be manipulated in a number of ways, such as changing colors,
applying filters, and adjusting brightness and contrast.
Disadvantages of Bitmap Images:

1. Resolution-dependent: Bitmap images are resolution-dependent,


meaning that their quality can degrade when scaled up or down.
2. Large file sizes: Bitmap images can have very large file sizes, particularly
at higher resolutions, which can make them slow to load and difficult to
share.
3. Limited scalability: Bitmap images are not easily scalable without losing
quality.

Advantages of Vector Images:

1. Infinite scalability: Vector images can be scaled up or down without


losing quality, making them ideal for logos and other images that need
to be reproduced at different sizes.
2. Small file sizes: Vector images tend to have small file sizes, making them
easy to share and fast to load.
3. Sharp lines and shapes: Vector images are made up of lines and shapes,
which gives them sharp edges and makes them ideal for designs with
clean lines.

Disadvantages of Vector Images:

1. Limited detail: Vector images cannot represent photographic detail or


other complex imagery as effectively as bitmap images.
2. Limited software support: Vector images require specific software to
create and edit them, which can be limiting for some users.
3. Limited color depth: Vector images often have limited color depth,
which can limit their use in certain applications.
explain the step of JPEG compression process in
detail
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a commonly used image
compression format that uses a lossy compression algorithm to reduce the
size of digital images while maintaining a reasonable level of image quality.
The JPEG compression process involves the following steps:

1. Color Space Conversion: The first step in the JPEG compression process
is to convert the image from its original color space (such as RGB) to the
YCbCr color space. This color space separates the brightness (luma) and
color (chroma) information of the image, allowing for more efficient
compression.
2. Dividing the Image into Blocks: The image is divided into 8x8 blocks,
and each block is processed separately during compression. This block-
based processing enables more efficient compression by taking
advantage of the similarities between pixels in each block.
3. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT): A mathematical transformation called
Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is applied to each block of the image.
The DCT algorithm transforms the pixel values in each block from the
spatial domain to the frequency domain, resulting in a set of coefficients
that represent the frequency content of the image.
4. Quantization: After the DCT, the resulting coefficients are quantized,
which means they are divided by a predetermined set of values called
the quantization table. This step helps to discard some of the high-
frequency components of the image, resulting in a loss of image quality.
5. Huffman Encoding: The quantized coefficients are then compressed
using Huffman coding, which assigns shorter codes to more frequently
occurring coefficients and longer codes to less frequently occurring
coefficients. This step further reduces the size of the compressed image
by removing redundancies in the data.
6. Saving the Compressed Image: Finally, the compressed image is saved
in a JPEG file format, which contains the compressed image data and
additional information such as the quantization table used and other
metadata.
During the decompression process, the reverse operations are performed in
order to reconstruct the image from the compressed data. While the JPEG
compression process results in some loss of image quality, it is a widely used
and effective method for compressing digital images while maintaining a
reasonable level of visual quality.

What is Dithering?
Dithering is a trick many graphic applications use to fool your eye into seeing a whole
lot more colors (or grey tones) on the screen than are really there.
The computer achieves this optical illusion by mixing together different colored pixels
(tiny dots on the screen that make up an image) to trick the eye into thinking that a totally
new color exists. For instance, since pixels are so tiny, if the computer intermingles a
series of black with white dots then you’re going to think you’re seeing gray.

Color dithering smoothes out images by creating intermediate shades between two more
extreme colors (called a blend). Dithering also makes the best use of the limited number
of available colors, like when you open a 24-bit color image (millions of colors) on a
computer that’s only capable of displaying 8-bit (256 colors).
There is a half tone effect for black-and-white images called dithering. Rather than dots
of varying sizes, a dithered image has dots or squiggles all the same size, arranged in
such a way as to create the illusion of gray values

Or
In computer graphics, dithering is an image processing operation used to
create the illusion of color depth in images with a limited color palette. Colors
not available in the palette are approximated by a diffusion of colored pixels
from within the available palette.

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