Exercise S1 Ch.

11

Fig.1 Fig.2
1. In figure 1, △PQS  △RQS. Find a and b. [a = 50; b = 90]
2. Figure 2 is formed by two congruent triangles. State the reasons for congruence. [RHS]

Fig.3 Fig.4
3. Write down a pair of congruent triangles in figure 3 and give reasons. [△AEF  △DBC (RHS)]
4. In figure 4, ACD and BCE are straight lines. Write down a pair of congruent triangles and give
reasons. [△ABC  △DEC (ASA or AAS)]

Fig.5 Fig.6
5. In figure 5, △ABC ~ △RPQ. Find x and y. [x = 30; y = 4.5]
6. In figure 6, determine whether the two triangles are similar. If so, give reasons.
[△PQR ~ △SPT (3 sides proportional)]

Fig.7 Fig.8
7. In figure 7, BE and AD intersect at C. Write down a pair of similar triangles and give reasons.
[△ABC ~ △DEC (ratio of 2 sides, inc. )]
8. In figure 8, write down a pair of similar triangles in the figure and give reasons.
[△ABC ~ △DCA (3 sides proportional)]
 Fig.9 Fig.10

9. In figure 9, ABC and AED are straight lines. Write down a pair of similar triangles and give reasons.
[△ABE ~ △ACD
(AAA)]
10. In figure 10, BCDE is a straight line.
(a) Determine whether △ABC and △AED are similar. If so, give reasons.
[△ABC ~ △AED (AAA)]
(b) If AB = AE, determine whether △ABD and △AEC are congruent. If so, give reasons.
[△ABD  △AEC (ASA or AAS)]

Fig.11 Fig.12
11. In figure 11, APQ, BQR and CRP are straight lines. AP = BQ = CR.
(a) How many congruent triangles are there in the figure? [3 congruent triangles, (ASA)]
(b) How many equilateral triangles are there in the figure? [2 equilateral triangles]
12. In figure 12, △ABD  △CDB.
(a) Find x. [x = 120] (b) Find the perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD. [= 16]

13. It is given that △ABC  △DEF. If AB = (4x  3) cm, DE = (x + 9) cm, EF = (2x + 6) cm,
A = 80 and E = 30, find
(a) x, [x = 4] (b) F. [F = 70]
14. It is given that △ABC ~ △PQR. If 3AB = 7PQ, BC = 28 cm, C = 18 and P = 122, find
(a) QR, [QR = 12 cm] (b) B. [B = 40]

Fig.13 Fig.14 Fig.15

15. In figure 13, △ABC ~ △DAC. Find x and y. [x = 4.5; y = 65]

16. In figure 14, △BCD ~ △ACE. Find x and y. [x = 70; y = 5]
17. In figure 15, ABCD is a straight line and △ACG ~ △BDE.
 (a) Find x and y. [x = 11; y = 5] (b) Find DCG. [DCG = 105]

Fig.16 Fig.17
18. In figure 16, BCD is a straight line and △ABC ~ △DCE.
(a) Find x. [x = 45] (b) Is it correct that AB // EC? Explain your answer. [Yes]

19. In figure 17, BDC is a straight line.

(a) Write down three similar triangles. [△ABD, △CAD and △CBA]
(b) Find the area of △ABC. [= 202.8]

Fig.18
20. Refer to figure 18.
(a) Write down a pair of similar triangles and give reasons. [△CAD ~ △CDB (AAA)]
(b) (i) Kelvin claims that CD2 = BC  CA. Do you agree? Explain your answer. [Yes]
(ii) If BC = 4 and CD = 10, find CA. [= 25]

Multiple-choice Questions
1. In the figure, ABE, FBC and GFED are
straight lines. △AEG  △FCD. Which of the 3. For two similar triangles, which of the
following may not be correct? following must be correct?
I. The corresponding angles of the two
triangles are equal.
II. The corresponding sides of the two triangles
are equal.
III. The areas of the two triangles are equal.
A. x=y B. CDF = 82
C. GF = ED D. AE = FC A. I only B. III only
C. I and II only D. I, II and III
2. It is given that △ABC  △PQR. If A = 41
and R = 27, find Q.
A. 27 B. 41
C. 68 D. 112
4. In the figure, △ABC ~ △EDC. Which of the 7. In the figure, EBFC is a straight line. ED
following must be correct? intersects AB and AC at G and H respectively.
DF and AC intersect at I. Which of the
following is/are correct?

A. x=y B. x=z I. △ABC  △DFE

C. AB = ED D. AB = CE II. △GBE  △IFC
III. △AGH ~ △DIH
5. In the figure, ABC and CDE are straight lines. A. I only B. III only
△BCD ~ △ECA. Find x and y. C. II and III only D. I, II and III

8. In the figure, ABC and CDE are straight lines.

△BCD  △BED and AB = BC. If BD = 6,
find x.

A. x = 80, y = 65 B. x = 100, y = 45

C. x = 100, y = 80 D. x = 100, y = 145

6. In the figure, AGFE, BCF and DCG are A. 3 B. 6

C. 12 D. 18
straight lines. Which of the following may
not be correct?

1 C
2 D
3 A
4 B
5 B
A. △ABF ~ △GDE B. △CFG ~ △DEG 6 C
C. △ABF ~ △DEG D. △FCG ~ △FBA 7 D
8 C