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The document discusses various chemical reactions, focusing on determining reaction orders, rate constants, and rate laws. It includes calculations for the decomposition of H2O2 and N2O5, confirming first-order kinetics, and finding specific rate constants. Additionally, it addresses the relationship between temperature and rate constants, as well as activation energy calculations.

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31 views3 pages

Practice Extra

The document discusses various chemical reactions, focusing on determining reaction orders, rate constants, and rate laws. It includes calculations for the decomposition of H2O2 and N2O5, confirming first-order kinetics, and finding specific rate constants. Additionally, it addresses the relationship between temperature and rate constants, as well as activation energy calculations.

Uploaded by

vrittee.rao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q1. Estimate the orders and rate constant k from the results observed for the reaction?

What
is the rate when [H2O2] = [I-] = [H+] = 1.0 M?

H2O2 + 3 I- + 2 H+  I3- + 2 H2O

Experiment [H2O2] [I-] [H+] Initial rate M s-1


1 0.010 0.010 0.0050 1.15e-6
2 0.020 0.010 0.0050 2.30e-6
3 0.010 0.020 0.0050 2.30e-6
4 0.010 0.010 0.0100 1.15e-6

H2O2: first order


-
I : first order
H+: zero order
Overall: second order
-
Rate = k[H2O2][I ]
Calculate k by substituting in one or more sets of values: 0.0115 M-1.s-1
When all concs = 1M, rate = 0.0115 x 1 x 1 = 0.0115 M.s-1

1. The decomposition of gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide, N 2O5, was


investigated at a particular temperature.
The results of the experiment are shown below:

Time 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0


(min) 0 0 0 0 0 0
[N2O5] 1.3 1.0
0.90 0.75 0.62 0.52
(M) 0 8

Show that the reaction is first order and determine the rate law for this
reaction.

a. Calculate log[N2O5]

Time 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0


25.00
(min) 0 0 0 0 0
[N2O5] 1.3 1.0
0.90 0.75 0.62 0.52
(M) 0 8
log[N2O5 0.1 0.0 - - -
-0.28
] 1 3 0.05 0.12 0.21

b. Plot log[N2O5] against time (shown to the right)


Straight line graph means the reaction is first
order.
Rate is directly proportional to N2O5
concentration.
rate α [N2O5]
rate = k[N2O5]
c. Calculate the slope of the line:
from the graph (shown in blue):

slope = -0.16/10.00 = -0.016

mathematically:

slope = (y1 - y2) / (x1 - x2)


= (0.11--0.28)/(0.00-25.00)
= 0.39 / -25.00 = -0.016

d. Calculate the specific rate constant, k, for this reaction:


slope = -k/2.303
k = -slope x 2.303 = -(-0.016) x 2.303) = 0.037
e. Write the rate law for this reaction:
rate = 0.037[N2O5]

2. The results of the decomposition of gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide, N 2O5, at


various times are tabulated below.
Use the data to confirm that this reaction is first order and find the
specific rate constant at this temperature.

Time 5 6
0.00 10 20 30 40
(min) 0 0
[N2O5] 348. 24 18 14 10 7 5
(M) 8 7 5 0 5 8 8

a. Plot [A] against time


b. Use the graph to obtain half-life values:

Graph t½
[N2O5
Referen (mi
]0 (M)
ce n)
300 a to b 24
250 c to d 24
200 e to f 24
150 b to g 24

c. Half-life is independent of [N2O5]0 so the reaction is first order.


d. Calculate the specific rate constant, k.
For a first order reaction: t½ = 0.693/k
k = 0.693/t½ = 0.693/24 = 0.029

3. The decomposition of gaseous N2O3 to form NO2 and NO is first order with
k = 3.2 x 10-4s-1.
If the initial concentration of N2O3 is 1.00M, how long will it take for its
concentration to be decreased to 0.125M?
a. The relationship between concentration and time is : log[A] t = -kt/2.303 +
log[A]0
b. Extract the data from the question:
[N2O3]0 = 1.00M
[N2O3]t = 0.125M
k = 3.2 x 10-4s-1
t=?
c. Substitute the values into the equation:
log[A]t = -kt/2.303 + log[A]0
log[0.125] = -3.2 x 10-4t/2.303 + log[1.00]
-0.903 = -3.2 x 10-4t/2.303 + 0
-0.903 x 2.303/-3.2 x 10-4 = t
t = 6499s

8. Find the new temperature if the rate constant at that temperature is 15M -1s-1
while at temperature 389K the rate constant is 7M -1s1, the Activation Energy is
600kJ/mol.

T1 = 391K

10. The rate constant for a reaction increases by a factor of 1.65 when the
temperature is increased from 200C to 400C. Calculate the activation energy.

10. ln(1.65) =( -Ea /8.314) x (1/313 – 1/293)

Ea = 19.1 kJ mol-1

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