JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

Matrices & Determinants

Single Correct Questions
n
1. If A1 , A2 , A3 ,..., A2 n −1 are n skew-symmetric matrices of same order, then B =  (2r − 1)( A2 r −1 ) 2 r −1
r =1

will be
(a) Symmetric (b) Skew-symmetric
(c) neither symmetric nor skew-symmetric (d) data not sufficient

2. If A5 = O such that An  I for 1  n  4, then (I – A) -1 is

(a) A4 (b) A3 (c) I + A (d) None of these

1 1
3. If both A − I and A + I are orthogonal matrices, then
2 2
(a) A is orthogonal (b) A is Skew-symmetric matrix of even order
3
(c) A2 = I (d) None of these
2
4. If Y = SX, Z = tX, all the variables being differentiable function of x and lower suffices denote
X Y Z
S t
the derivative with respect to x and X 1 Y1 Z1  1 1 = X n , , then n =
S 2 t2
X 2 Y2 Z 2
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
5. If ‘a’ be a repeated root of the quadratic equation f(x) = 0 and A(x), B(x), C(x) be polynomials of
A( x) B( x) C ( x)
degrees 3, 4 and 5 respectively, then A(a) B(a) C (a) is
A '(a) B '(a) C '(a)
(a) divisible by f(x) for all x (b) not divisible by f(x)
(c) equal to 0 (d) None of these

(1 + x) a (1 + 2 x)b 1
6. If 1 (1 + x) a
(1 + 2 x)b ; a, b being positive integers, then
(1 + 2 x)b 1 (1 + x) a
(a) Coefficient of x in f(x) is 0 (b) Constant term in f(x) is 4
(c) Constant term in f(x) is (a – b) (d) Constant term in f(x) is (a + b)
7. Let M denote the matrix , where i2 = -1 and let I denote the identity matrix. Then the matrix
I +M + M 2 + M 3 + M 4 + . . . + M 2020 is equal to :
0 0 0 i  1 i   −1 0 
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
0 0  i 0  i 1  0 −1
8. Let A and B are square matrices of same order satisfying AB = A and BA = B, then
( A2019 + B 2019 ) 2020 is equal to:
(a) A + B (b)2020(A + B) (c) 22019(A + B) (d) 22020(A + B)
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

9. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and l is an Identity matrix of order 3 such that A3 - 2A2 - A +
2l = O, then A is NOT equal to
 2 −1 2   2 1 −2 
(a) I (b)2I 
(c) 1 0 0  (d) 1 0 0 
   
 0 1 0   0 1 0 
a2 +  2 ab + c ca − b  c −b
a = (1 + a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) , then  is equal to
3
10. If ab − c b +
2 2
bc + a −c 
ac + b bc − a c2 +  2 b −a 
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -1 (d) None of these

1 0 2 
11. The possible values of scalar k such that the matrix A - kI is singular where A = 0 2 1  , are
-1
 
1 0 0 
−1 1 1 1
(a) ,2 (b) −1, (c) , − (d) -1, 1
2 2 2 2

a b c
M2
12. Let M =  d e 
f  and N = . If (a – b) 2 + (d – e )2 = 36, (b - c) 2 + (e - f ) 2 = 64,
 2
 1 1 1 

(a - c) 2 + (d - f) 2 = 100, then value of |N| is equal to

(a) 1152 (b) 48 (c) 144 (d) 288

 1 0 a
 
13. Let S = n :1  n  50 and n is odd . Let a  S and A =  −1 1 0  . If  det ( adjA) = 100 ,
  aS
 −a 0 1 
then  is equal to
(a) 218 (b) 221 (c) 663 (d) 1717
x y −z
14. Let matrix A =  1 2 3  , where x, y, z ∈ N. If |(adj(adj(adj(adj A))))| = 48 ⋅ 516, then the
 
 1 1 2 

number of such matrices A is equal to

(a) 28 (b) 36 (c) 55 (d) 66
1  1  1   −1  0  1 
       
15. Let A be a 3 x 3 real matrix such that A 1 = 1 ; A 0 = 0 and A 0 =  1  .
           
0 0 1   1  1  2
4
If X = (x1, x2, x3) and I is an identity matrix of order 3, then the system ( A − 2 I ) X = 1  has
T
 
1 
(a) No solution (b) Infinitely many solutions
(c) Unique solution (d) exactly two solutions
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

Multiple Correct Questions

16. Let X3×3 & Y3×3 are non-zero skew symmetric matrices & Z 3×3 is a non-zero symmetric matrix
then which of the following are skew symmetric?
(a) Y3Z4 - Z4Y3 (b) X44 + Y44 (c) X4Z3 – Z3X4 (d) X44 + Y44

a b c 
17. Suppose that a, b, c are real numbers such that a + b + c = 1. If the matrix A =  b c a  be an
 
 c a b 

orthogonal matrix, then

(a) A is an involutory matrix (b) |A| is negative
(c) a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 1 (d) Atleast one of a, b, c is negative

  cos  sin  
18. Let  = and A =   , then B = A + A2 + A3 + A4 is
5  − sin  cos  
(a) Singular (b) Non-singular (c) Symmetric (d) |B| = 1

19. If A and B are respectively a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix such that AB = BA then
(a) (A - B)-1 (A + B) is orthogonal matrix when (A - B) is non-singular
(b) (A + B)-1 (A - B) is orthogonal matrix when (A + B) is non-singular
(c) det [(A - B)-1 (A + B)] = 1 and det [(A + B)-1 (A - B)] = -1
(d) det [(A - B)-1 (A + B)] = -1 and det [(A + B)-1 (A - B)] = 1

20. If A, B are two square matrices of same order such that A + B = AB and I is identity matrix of
order same as that of A, B, then
(a) AB = BA (b) |A – I| = 0 (c) |B – I|  0 (d) |A - B| = 0

21. If the sum of two idempotent matrices A and B is idempotent then

(a) AB + BA = O (b) AB = BA = I (c) AB  BA (d) AB = BA = O
 0 
22. If A =   and det (2A – 2A) = 144, then possible correct statement is (for real part)
2

2 
(a) tr(A) = 6 (b) det(A) = 9 (c) det(A) = 4 (d) tr(A) = 1
23. If a > b > c and the system of equations ax + by + cz = 0, bx + cy + az = 0, cx + ay + bz = 0 has
a non-trivial solution, then both roots of the quadratic equation at2 + bt + c, are
(a) real (b) of opposite signs (c) Positive (d) complex

24. Let A and B are two square idempotent matrices such that AB ± BA is a null matrix, the value of
det (A − B) can be equal
(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

Passage type Questions

25. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 and satisfies the matrix equation A3 – 6A2 + 7A – 8I = O
and B = A – 2I. Also, det A = 8.
(i) The value of det(adj(I – 2A-1) is equal to
25 125 64 16
(a) (b) (c) (d)
16 64 125 25
  B −1   p 
(ii) If adj     =   B, where p, q  N , the least value of p + q is equal to
 2    q 
 
(a) 7 (b) 9 (c) 29 (d) 41

a b c 
26. Let A =  b c a  is an orthogonal matrix and abc =  (< 0)
 
 c a b 
(i) The value of a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 is equal to
(a) 2 (b) - 2 (c)  2 (d) −
(ii) The value of a3 + b3 + c3 is equal to
(a)  (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) None of these

Numerical type Questions

 2k − 1 2 k 2 k   0 2k − 1 k 
   
27. Let k be a positive real number and let A =  2 k 1 −2k  & B = 1 − 2k 0 2 k .
   
 −2 k 2k −1   − k −2 k 0 
If det(adj A) + det (adj B) = 106, then [k] is equal to {Note: [k] denotes the largest integer less
than or equal to k}.
28. Let S be the set containing all 3 x 3 matrices with entries from {-1, 0, 1}. The total number of
matrices A ∈ S such that the sum of all the diagonal elements of AT A is 6 is____.
29. Suppose A is a 3 × 3 non-singular matrix and (A - 3I)(A -5I) = 0, where I = I3 and O = O3. If
 +  −1 = 4I then α + β is equal to ______.

30. A and B are two non-singular square matrices such that B ≠ I and AB2 = BA. If A3 = B-1A3 Bn.
The value of n is _____.

31. Let An , (n ∈ N) be a matrix of order (2n - 1) × (2n - 1), such that aij = 0  i  j and
aij = n2 + i + 1 − 2n  i = j where aij denotes the element of ith row and jth column of An.
 102 
  Tn 
Let Tn = (-1)n × (sum of all the elements of An). Find the value of  n =1  , where [.] is GIF.
 520200 
 
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

 1 tan x 
32. If A =   and a function f(x) is defined as f(x) = det (ATA-1) and if
 − tan x 1 
f ( f ( f ( f ... f ( x))))) is  (n  2) , the value of 2 is ____.

33. If A is an idempotent matrix and I is an identity matrix of the same order, then the value of n,
such that ( A + I ) n = I + 127 A is ____
3a b c 
34. Suppose a, b, c  R and abc = 1, if A =  b 3c a  is such that ATA = 41/3I and |A| > 0, the
 
 c a 3b 
value of a3 + b3 + c3 is _______.

32 + k 42 32 + 3 + k
35. If 42 + k 52 42 + 4 + k = 0, then the value of 2k 2k 2k ... is _____.
52 + k 62 52 + 5 + k

36. If the system of equations ax + hy + g = 0 ; hx + by + f = 0 and

ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c +  = 0 has a unique solution and
abc + 2 fg − af 2 − bg 2 − ch 2
= 8, the value of  is ____.
h 2 − ab

37. Let ‘A’ be a 3 x 3 matrix such that A2 = 5A - 6I. If |A| = 30, then Tr (7A) equals ____.

38. ‘A’ be set of 3 × 3 matrices formed by entries 0, -1, and 1 only. Also, each of 1, -1, 0 occurs
exactly three times in each matrix. The number of symmetric matrices with trace (A) = 0
is k, then k/6 = ______.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

Answer Key
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (b)

4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (a)

7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c)

10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (d)

13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (b)

16. (c), (d) 17. (a), (b), (c), (d) 18. (b), (c)

19. (a), (b) 20. (a), (c) 21. (a), (d)

22. (a), (b), (c), (d) 23. (a), (b) 24. (a), (b), (c)

25. (i) (a) (ii) (a) 26. (i) (b) (ii) (d)

27. 4 28. 5376 29. 8

30. 8 31. 2 32. 2

33. 7 34. 9 35. 2

36. 8 37. 70 38. 6

JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

Solutions
1.

2.

3.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

4.

5.

6.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

7.
0 i   −1 0   0 −i  1 0
M = , M = 
2
, M = 
3
, M = 
4
=I
 i 0  0 −1  −i 0  0 1
 M 4k = I  k  N
0 0
So, I + M + M 2 + M 3 =  
0 0
 I + M + M 2 + M 3 + M 4 + M 5 + .... + M 2010
= ( I + M + M 2 + M 3 ) + M 4 ( I + M + M 2 + M 3 ) + .....M 2008 ( I + M + M 2 )
= I +M +M2
 1 0   0 i   −1 0   0 i 
= + + = =M
 0 1   i 0   0 −1  i 0 

8.
A2 = A. A = ABA = AB = A
and B 2 = B. AB = BA = B
 A = A2 = A3 = .... and B = B 2 = B 3 = ....
( A2019 + B 2019 ) 2020 = ( A + B) 2020
( A + B) 2 = A2 + B 2 + AB + BA = 2( A + B )
and (A+B)3 = 2( A + B)( A + B ) = 22 ( A + B)
( A + B) 2020 = 22019 ( A + B)

9.
It is clear that A = I and A = 2 I satisfy the given equation A3 - 2A 2 - A + 2I = O
The characteristic equation of the matrix in option (C) is
2− −1 2
1 − 0 =0
0 1 −
  3 − 2 2 +  − 2 = 0
giving A3 − 2 A2 + A − 2 I = O
 A3 − 2 A2 − A + 2 I = O
Similarly, the characteristic equation of the matrix in option (D) is
2− 1 −2
1 − 0 =0
0 1 −
  3 − 2 2 −  + 2 = 0 giving A 3 − 2 A2 − A + 2 I = O

10.
 c −b
If  = −c  a
b −a 
other determinant ( say 1 ) is the cofactor determinant
1 =  3 ( for 3rd order det )
 =  (  2 + a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) by comparing  = 1
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

11.
A−1 − kI = 0
A A−1 − kI = 0 ( A  0)
I − kA = 0
1 1
− A = 0  A − .I = 0
k k
1
 A −  I = 0, where  =
k
1−  0 2
 0 2− 1 =0
1 0 −
 (1 −  )( − )( 2 −  ) + 2 ( 0 − ( 2 −  ) ) = 0
 − 3 + 3 2 − 2 − 4 + 2 = 0
  3 − 3 2 + 4 = 0
  = 2, 2, −1
1
 k = −1,
2
12.
M = 2  Area of the triangle with vertices ( a, d ) , ( b, e ) & ( c, f ) with the length of sides as 6, 8, 10
Triangle is a right angled triangle, hence,
1
Area =  6  8 = 24
2
 M = 2  24 = 48
( 48) = 288
2
M2 1
N = = M =
2

2 8 8

13.
S=  n :1  n  50 and n is odd
=  1, 3, 5  49  , 25 terms
 1 0 a
Now, A =  −1 1 0 
 − a 0 1 
 A = 1 + a2
Given that  det ( adjA) = 100
aS

  A = 100
2

aS

  (1 + a 2 ) = 100
2

 22100 = 100
  = 221
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

14.
= ( 2.5 )
24 16
A
 A = 10
A = x + y + z , where x, y, z  N
 x + y + z = 10
98
 number of solutions = 10−1C3−1 = 9 C2 = = 36
2
15.
 a1 b1 c1 
A =  a2 b2 c2 
 a3 b3 c3 
0   c1   1 
A 0  =  c2  =  1 
1   c3   2 
 c1 = 1, c2 = 1, c3 = 2
1   c1 + a1   −1
A 0  = c2 + a2  =  0 
1   c3 + a3   1 
 a1 = −2, a2 = −1, a3 = −1
1   a1 + b1  1 
A 1  =  a2 + b2  = 1 
0   a3 + b3  0 
 b1 = 3, b2 = 2, b3 = 1
 −2 3 1 
 A =  −1 2 1 
 −1 1 2 
 −4 3 1 
 A − 2 I =  −1 0 1 
 −1 1 0 
A − 2I = 0
 −4 3 1   x1   4 
Now,  −1 0 1   x2  = 1 
 −1 1 0   x3  1 
−4 x1 + 3 x2 + x3 = 4 (1)
− x1 + x3 = 1 ( 2 )
− x1 + x2 = 1 ( 3)
(1) − ( 2 ) + 3 ( 3) 
0=0
 infinite solutions
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

16.
Given X and Y are skew symmetric
Then, XT = −X and YT = −Y
Also, ZT = Z
Now, in (c) option,

Thus, both are skew-symmetric

17.
AAT = AT A = I .
Also AT = A, so A2 = I
 A is involutory matrix.
 A2 = A = 1 or, A = 1.
2

a b c 1 b c
But A = b c a = ( a + b + c ) 1 c a
c a b 1 a b
= ( a + b + c ) ( ab + bc + ca − a 2 − b 2 − c 2 )
A = ab + bc + ca − a 2 − b 2 − c 2 ( a + b + c = 1)
 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca  0
So A = −1. Hence a 3 + b3 + c 3 − 3abc = 1.
Again a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca = 1
 1 − 3 ( ab + bc + ca ) = 1, so ab + bc + ca = 0,
 atleast one of a, b, and c is negative.

18.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

19.

20.
A + B = AB
⇒ I - (A + B - AB) = I
⇒ (I - A)(I - B) = I
⇒ |I - A| | I - B| = I
⇒ |I - A|, |I - B| are non zero
Also,
(I - B) (I - A) = I
⇒ I - B - A + BA = I
⇒ AB = BA
⇒ Options (A) and (C) are correct
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

21.
(A + B)2 = A2 + AB + BA + B2 = A + B
⇒ AB + BA = O
A2B + ABA = O
⇒ A2B + (-BA)A = O
⇒ AB - BA = O

22.

= 6, -4 or 1 (real part)
A =  = 9 or 4
2

23.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

24.

25.

(i)
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

(ii)

26.

(i)

(ii)
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

27.
( )
A = ( 2k − 1) ( −1 + 4k 2 ) + 2 k 2 k + 4k k + 2 k 4k k + 2 k( )
= ( 2k − 1) ( 4k 2 − 1) + 4k + 8k 2 + 8k 2 + 4k
= ( 2k − 1) ( 4k 2 − 1) + 8k + 16k 2
= 8k 3 − 4k 2 − 2k + 1 + 8k + 16k 2
= 8k 3 + 12k 2 + 6k + 1
B = 0 as B is skew symmetric matrix of odd order

 ( 8k 3 + 12k 2 + 6k + 1) = (103 )
2 2

 ( 2k + 1) = 103
3

 2k + 1 = 10
 k = 4.5
k  = 4
28.
Tr ( AAT ) = 6
a d g a b c 
AA =  b e
T
h   d e f 
 c f i   g h i 
Now given a 2 + d 2 + g 2 + b2 + e2 + h2 + c 2 + f 2 + i 2 = 6
= 9 C3  26 = 5376

29.
We have ( A − 3I )( A − 5 I ) = 0
A2 − 8 A + 15 I = 0
Multiplying both sides with A −1 , we get
A − 8 I + 15 A−1 = 0
A + 15 A−1 = 8I
A 15 A−1
+ = 4I
2 2
1 15 16
 +  = + = =8
2 2 2
30.
BA = AB2
⇒ A-1(B A) = B2
⇒ (A-1 B A)m = B2m
⇒ A-1 Bm A = B2m
⇒ Bm A = A B2m
Also, BA = AB2
⇒ A = B-1A B2
⇒ An = B-1An B2n
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

31.
aij = 0i  j and aij = ( n − 1) + ii = j
2

2 n −1
Sum of all the element of An =  ( n − 1) + i
2

i =1

= ( 2n − 1)( n − 1) + ( 2n − 1) n = 2n3 − 3n 2 + 3n − 1 = n3 + ( n − 1)
2 3

So, Tn = ( −1)  n3 + ( n − 1)  = ( −1) n3 − ( −1) ( n − 1) = Vn − Vn −1

n 3 n n −1 3
 
102 102
  Tn = (Vn − Vn −1 ) = V102 − V0 = (102 )
3

n =1 n =1

 102

  Tn 
 n =1 =2
 520200 
 

32.

33.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

34.

35.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

36.

37.
A2 - 5A + 6I = 0
Characteristic equation of A:

 3 − Tr ( A) 2 + ( (Tr ( A)) 2 − Tr ( A2 ) )  − A = 0

1
2
As roots of matrix equation also roots characteristic equation,
 1  2  3 = A
 2  3  3 = 30
 3 = 5
Tr ( A) = 1 + 2 + 3 = 10
Tr (7 A) = 70

38.
For non-diagonal entries, we required even no. of 1, even no. of -1 and even no. of 0,
For diagonal, three entries are remaining, -1, 0, 1.
JEE Advanced Crash Course Matrices & Determinants

So, number of cases in which trace = 0 are 3!

And number of symmetric matrices for each arrangement of 1, -1, 0 in diagonal = 3!
Total such matrices = 3! × 3! = 36