Year 9

CHEMISTRY Midterm 3 2025

1 hour

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name in the box at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 50.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.

This document has 10 pages.

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1. The diagrams show containers of gas at the same temperature. All containers have the same size.
Which container contains gas at the highest pressure?

2. A cooling curve for a substance is shown.

Which statement is correct?

A Between U and V, the substance is condensing.
B Between V and W, heat is being absorbed from the surroundings.
C Between W and X, the particles are close together and randomly arranged.
D Between Y and Z, the substance is changing from a liquid to a solid.
3. Samples of four gases are released in a room at the same time.
The gases are carbon dioxide, CO2, hydrogen chloride, HCl, hydrogen sulfide, H2S, and nitrogen dioxide, NO2.
Which gas diffuses fastest?
A carbon dioxide
B hydrogen chloride
C hydrogen sulfide
D nitrogen dioxide
4. A sample of river water contains a high concentration of nitrates from fertilisers.
Which statements about the river water are correct?
1 It has a boiling point of 100 °C.
2 Its melting point is below 0 °C.
3 It turns anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride from pink to blue.
4 It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulfate from white to blue.
A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4
5. Which statements about the treatment of domestic water supplies are correct?
1 The water undergoes sedimentation to remove dissolved solids.
2 The water is filtered to remove insoluble solids.
3 The water is treated with carbon to improve the taste.
4 The water is chlorinated to decrease the pH.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4
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6. An experiment to find the percentage of oxygen in 150 cm3 of polluted air is shown.

The apparatus is left for one week.

After this time, the volume of gas in the measuring cylinder is 122 cm3.
What is the percentage of oxygen, to the nearest whole number, in the polluted air?
A 19% B 21% C 28% D 81%
7. Nitrogen monoxide, NO, and carbon monoxide, CO, are both removed from the exhaust gases of a car by a catalytic
converter.
Which statement describes how nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide are removed by a catalytic converter?
A Nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide are both reduced.
B Nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide are both oxidised.
C Nitrogen monoxide is oxidised and carbon monoxide is reduced.
D Nitrogen monoxide is reduced and carbon monoxide is oxidised.
8. Which row describes the arrangement and motion of the particles in a liquid?

9. Which gas has the lowest rate of diffusion at room temperature and pressure?
A the gas produced when ammonium chloride is heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide
B the gas which makes up approximately 78% of clean, dry air
C the gas produced when sodium carbonate is added to dilute hydrochloric acid
D the gas produced when zinc is added to dilute sulfuric acid
10. Which gas is both an element and present in clean, dry air?
A argon B carbon dioxide C chlorine D water vapour
11. Oxides of nitrogen formed in a car’s engine are removed using a catalytic converter.
What happens to the oxides of nitrogen in the catalytic converter?
A They are hydrated.
B They are neutralised.
C They are oxidised.
D They are reduced.
12. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
A 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
B 2CO2 + 2H2O → 2C2H5OH + 3O2
C C6H12O6 → 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH
D C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O
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13. Which row shows how the boiling point and the melting point of water change when a soluble impurity is added to
the water?

14. Oxygen melts at –219 °C and boils at –183 °C.

At which temperature is oxygen a liquid?
A –225 °C B –189 °C C –175 °C D 25 °C
15. The pressure of a sample of gas is decreased. The temperature is kept constant.
Which row describes the effects on the particles?

16. Which row identifies two greenhouse gases and three processes by which they contribute to global warming?

17. Which mixture contains all of the elements in a typical NPK fertiliser?
A ammonium nitrate and calcium phosphate
B ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride
C potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride
D potassium carbonate and ammonium nitrate
18. A sample of ethanol is left in an open beaker at room temperature.
After 24 hours, no ethanol remains in the beaker.
What has happened to the ethanol?
A It has boiled.
B It has condensed.
C It has evaporated.
D It has frozen.
19. A gas is in a sealed container with a fixed volume.
Which statements describe what happens to the molecules in the gas when the temperature is increased?
1 They move more slowly.
2 They collide with the walls of the container more frequently.
3 They collide with the walls of the container with less force.
4 They have greater kinetic energy.
A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4
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20. A fertiliser contains ammonium nitrate and potassium phosphate.

Why is the fertiliser described as an NPK fertiliser?
A It provides nitrogen, which is an essential element for improved plant growth.
B It contains the element oxygen, which neutralises acidic soil.
C It contains the elements nitrogen and phosphorus.
D It provides the three main elements needed for improved plant growth.
21. What are the approximate percentages of oxygen and nitrogen in clean, dry air?

22. A gas is heated. The pressure is kept constant.

Which statement describes the behaviour of the particles in the gas?
A The particles move faster and become closer together.
B The particles move faster and become further apart.
C The particles move more slowly and become closer together.
D The particles move more slowly and become further apart.
23. A mixture of ice and water is left to stand and the ice melts. Which row describes what happens as the ice is melting?

24. Hydrogen chloride gas [Mr: HCl, 36.5] is released at P in the apparatus shown.
The universal indicator paper turns red after 38s.

The experiment is repeated using sulfur dioxide gas [Mr: SO2, 64].
What is the result for sulfur dioxide gas?
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25. Which pollutant leads to the deoxygenation of water in ponds and lakes?
A fertilisers containing nitrates and phosphates
B toxic metal compounds
C combustion products of fossil fuels
D acid rain
26. Which statement identifies a sample of water as pure?
A It melts at room temperature.
B It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulfate blue.
C It turns hydrated cobalt(II) chloride from blue to pink.
D It boils at 100°C.
27. Oxides of nitrogen are produced by car engines.
In a catalytic converter oxides of nitrogen are removed by reacting them with compound X.
Which row describes the type of reaction oxides of nitrogen undergo and identifies compound X?

28. Which gas has the slowest rate of diffusion?

A H2 B NH3 C CH4 D CO2
29. Which oxide is used to neutralise acidic gases in flue gas desulfurisation?
A calcium oxide
B carbon dioxide
C nitrogen oxide
D sulfur dioxide
30. Some information about three gases, P, Q and R, is listed.
• Gas P forms when magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
• Gas Q makes up 78% of the air.
• Gas R forms when gas P reacts with gas Q.
What is gas R?
A Ammonia
B Methane
C nitrogen dioxide
D water vapour
31. Sodium chloride is a liquid at 900 °C.
Which row describes the arrangement and the motion of the particles in sodium chloride at 900 °C?
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32. Hydrogen chloride gas, HCl, reacts with ammonia gas, NH3, to form solid ammonium chloride.
The apparatus is set up as shown.
After a few minutes, a white cloud of solid ammonium chloride forms where the two gases meet.

The experiment is repeated using hydrogen bromide gas, HBr, in place of hydrogen chloride.
How far along the tube does the white cloud of solid ammonium bromide form?

33. Some substances found in water extracted from a river are listed.
1 Plastics
2 Nitrates
3 Oxygen
Which substances are harmful to aquatic life?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only
34. Car engines which use gasoline as a fuel produce oxides of nitrogen.
Oxides of nitrogen are removed from the exhaust gases.
Which statements about the formation or removal of oxides of nitrogen are correct?
1 Gasoline reacts with nitrogen in the air to produce oxides of nitrogen.
2 Gasoline contains nitrogen.
3 Nitrogen and oxygen react at high temperatures to produce oxides of nitrogen.
4 Nitrogen monoxide, NO, reacts with carbon monoxide, CO, in a catalytic converter.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4
35. Solid X is heated for 600 seconds.
The graph shows the heating curve that is obtained.

What is the melting point of X?

A 20°C B 170°C C 240°C D 270°C
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36. Which statements about diffusion are correct?

1 Aqueous ions cannot diffuse in water.
2 Diffusion is caused by the random movement of particles.
3 Particles spread out in all directions in diffusion.
4 Diffusion can only take place in solids and liquids.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4
37. Which chemicals can be used as a fertiliser to provide the three elements needed for improved plant growth?
A (NH2)2CO and KCl
B (NH4)2HPO4 and K2SO4
C (NH4)2HPO4 and (NH2)2C
D (NH2)2CO and K2SO4
38. What is the colour change when water is added to anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride?
A blue to white
B blue to pink
C white to blue
D white to pink
39. How do carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming?
A They emit the thermal energy they have absorbed back to the Earth.
B They absorb the radiation directly from the Sun.
C They increase thermal energy loss to space.
D They reduce reflection of thermal energy from the Earth’s surface
40. Four statements about photosynthesis are listed.
1 Chlorophyll is required for photosynthesis.
2 The equation for photosynthesis is C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O.
3 Photosynthesis requires energy from light.
4 Photosynthesis releases carbon dioxide, which can lead to climate change.
Which statements are correct?
A 1 and 3 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

41. Using numbers only, state the percentage of oxygen in clean, dry air ...............................
21 [1]
42. State which process:
(a) involves particles changing from fixed positions to being mobile, but still touching ............................................
melting [1]

(b) is caused by gas particles colliding with each other. ..............................................................................................

diffusion [1]
43. State which molecule
(a) is a product of photosynthesis ................................................................................................................................
O2 / C6H12O6 [1]

(b) is 21% of clean, dry air ...........................................................................................................................................

O2 [1]

carbon dioxide / water

(c) is a reactant in photosynthesis ................................................................................................................................ [1]

44. (a) State one gas which is responsible for both photochemical smog and acid rain ………………...…………….
nitrogen dioxide [1]
(b) Nitrogen dioxide, NO2 , and carbon monoxide are removed from a car exhaust by a catalytic converter.
Write the symbol equation for this reaction.

2NO2 + 4CO --> N2 + 4CO2

................................................................................................................................................................................. [2]
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45. Glucose,C6H12O6, is made in plants from carbon dioxide and water.

(a) Name this process. ...........................................................................................................................................

photosynthesis [1]
(b) Write the symbol equation for this process.

...........................................................................................................................................................................
6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 [1]
(c) State two essential conditions needed for this process to happen.

1 .............................................................................................................................................................................
energy from light

presence of chlorophyll
2 ........................................................................................................................................................................ [2]
 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
12

85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).