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The document outlines a sieve analysis procedure for determining the particle size distribution of soil, crucial for geotechnical engineering applications. It details the equipment needed, the steps for conducting the analysis, and the calculations for coefficients of uniformity and concavity. The results from the analysis help in evaluating soil behavior and suitability for construction projects.

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8 views7 pages

Exp1 1

The document outlines a sieve analysis procedure for determining the particle size distribution of soil, crucial for geotechnical engineering applications. It details the equipment needed, the steps for conducting the analysis, and the calculations for coefficients of uniformity and concavity. The results from the analysis help in evaluating soil behavior and suitability for construction projects.

Uploaded by

mohammeda.civ23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Civil Eng.

date:
Third year (class C) 2024/9/25

Group
1

Diyar Mohammed
Mahmoud Ali

Dema Hussein
Bassim Aziz

Haidar
Majd
- Find the gradation (particle size distribution) of the soil
Application:
Soils Classification, Subbase before used, sands and gravel, used in
construction works.

- Sieve analysis, as outlined in ASTM D422, is a fundamental method


for determining the grain size distribution of soil or aggregates. This
procedure involves passing a soil sample through a series of
standardized sieves with progressively smaller openings, allowing for
a detailed assessment of particle sizes. The results are crucial for
applications in geotechnical engineering, as they help in evaluating
soil behavior, permeability, and suitability for construction projects.
By delving into the distribution data, engineers can make informed
decisions regarding material selection and project design.

- ASTM D422

1
1- Brush (For cleaning sieves).
2- Balance (0.1g sensitivity).
3- Standard sieves set.
4- Sieves Shaker.
5- Drying oven.
6- Large Pan.
7- Hammer (Optional).

- For soils retained on No.10 sieve

- The size of the portion passing the No. 10 sieve shall be approximately
115g for sandy soils and approximately 65g for silt and clay soils.

• We used 500g soil sample

2
1- Make sure from each sieve is clean before weighting it.

2- Select with care a test sample which representative of Soil to be


tested, break the soil into individual particles with fingers or
hammer.

3- Weight approximately (500 gm) of oven dried Soil.

4- Collet set of Sieves with pan cover fixed in Shaker.

5- Open the Cover and Sieve the Soil Sample for (10 min) at hand
shaking) or (5 min) for mechanical Shaker.

6- Weight each sieve with Soil retained on it.

7- Subtract the weight obtained in Step (1) from those of step 6 to


give the weight of soil retained on each sieve.

8- If sizable Portion of Soil retained on the No 200 sieve , it should


be washed with clean water then dry saturated Slurry and
retained mortar both the and weight.

3
Wt retained = Wt(sieve + retained Soil) – WSieve
% Wt retained = 𝑊𝑊retained/𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 %
% WPass = (𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊− 𝑊𝑊retained)/𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 %

Coefficient of Uniformity:
𝐷𝐷60
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶=
𝐷𝐷10

D60,10 : Grain size of the soil particles and the subscript (10, 60) denotes
the percent that is smaller

Coefficient of concavity:
𝑫𝑫𝟐𝟐𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶=
𝑫𝑫𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝑫𝑫𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔

1. 6 < Cu & 1 < CC < 3 , well graded sand, 4 < Cu & 1 < CC < 3, well
graded gravel.
2. Cu< 6 or Cc > 1, Poorly graded sand

4
AL-NAHRAIN UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL DEPARTMENT-SOIL LAB

GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS MECHANICAL DATA


SHEET 2

Project : Soil test Group No.1 Location of Project: civil engineering lap

Boring No. none Sample No. none Description of Soil: none

Depth of Sample: none Tested By Class (C) Group 1 Date of Testing 2024/9/25

Soil Sample Size (ASTM D1140-54)


Nominal diameter of Approximate minimum
Largest practical Wt. of sample. g
No. 10 Sieve 200
No. 4 Sieve 500
3/4 in 1500
Wt. of dry sample + container none
Wt. of container none
Wt. of dry sample, Ws. 500g
Sieve analysis and grain data sheet
Sieve No. Diam. (mm) Wt. retained (g) % retained % passing(finer)
----- 12.5 102 20.4% 79.6%
----- 9.5 4 0.8% 78.8%
----- 3.35 85 17% 61.8%
----- 2.36 13 2.6% 59.2%
----- 1.18 29 5.8% 53.4 %
----- 0.6 36 7.2% 46.2 %
----- pan 231 46.2% -----
total ----- 500 100%

• % 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 100 − ∑ % 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟.


• Draw a figure of typical mechanical analysis soil data.

5
90%

80%

70%

60%

50%
%Finer

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Diameter(mm)

1-the total Wt. retained = Wt.sample that mean in this experiment


there’s no decrease or increase in the weight (the reason for decrease is
that the small particles can fly away during the sieveing and the
increase is that the sieves did not clean right ).
2- in small diameter sieves prefer to leave the sieves after shaking for
2min because of dust.

3-in this experiment you can not determined D10,30 for unavailability of
sieves that is small than 0.6 but the shape of carve we can assume that
the soil is well graded but its low accuracy.

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