Project:

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Project data
Project name
Project number
Author
Description
Date 7/11/2024
Code EN

Material
Steel S 355

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Project item CON1

Design
Name CON1
Description
Analysis Stress, strain/ loads in equilibrium

Members

Geometry

β – Direction γ - Pitch α - Rotation Offset ex Offset ey Offset ez

Name Cross-section
[°] [°] [°] [mm] [mm] [mm]
B1 1 - RHS300/200/8.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0
B2 1 - RHS300/200/8.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0

Supports and forces

X
Name Support Forces in
[mm]
B1 / end Node 0
B2 / end N-Vy-Vz-Mx-My-Mz Node 0

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Cross-sections
Name Material
1 - RHS300/200/8.0 S 355

Bolts
Diameter fy fu Gross area
Name
[mm] [MPa] [MPa] [mm2]
M16 8.8 16 640.0 800.0 201

Load effects (forces in equilibrium)

N Vy Vz Mx My Mz
Name Member
[kN] [kN] [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm]
LE1 B1 / End 10.0 0.0 -10.0 0.0 12.0 0.0
B2 / End 12.0 0.0 10.0 0.0 12.0 0.0

Unbalanced forces
X Y Z Mx My Mz
Name
[kN] [kN] [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm]
LE1 -2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Check

Summary
Name Value Check status
Analysis 100.0% OK
Plates 0.0 < 5.0% OK
Loc. deformation 0.0 < 3% OK
Bolts 28.4 < 100% OK
Welds 24.1 < 100% OK
Buckling Not calculated
GMNA Calculated

Plates
tp σEd εPl σc,Ed
Name Loads Status
[mm] [MPa] [%] [MPa]
B1 8.0 LE1 95.7 0.0 0.0 OK
B2 8.0 LE1 98.8 0.0 0.0 OK
PP1a 10.0 LE1 185.7 0.0 45.8 OK
PP1b 10.0 LE1 181.6 0.0 45.8 OK

Design data

fy εlim
Material
[MPa] [%]
S 355 355.0 5.0

Detailed result for B1

Design values used in the analysis
fyk
fyd = = 355.0 MPa
​

γM 0
​ ​

Where:
fyk = 355.0 MPa – characteristic yield strength
​

γM 0 = 1.00 ​ – partial safety factor for steel material EN 1993-1-1 – 6.1

Detailed result for B2

Design values used in the analysis
fyk
fyd = = 355.0 MPa
​

γM 0 ​
​

Where:
fyk = 355.0 MPa – characteristic yield strength
​

γM 0 = 1.00 ​
– partial safety factor for steel material EN 1993-1-1 – 6.1

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Detailed result for PP1a

Design values used in the analysis
fyk
fyd = = 355.0 MPa
​

γM 0
​ ​

Where:
fyk = 355.0 MPa – characteristic yield strength
​

γM 0 = 1.00 ​ – partial safety factor for steel material EN 1993-1-1 – 6.1

Detailed result for PP1b

Design values used in the analysis
fyk
fyd = = 355.0 MPa
​

γM 0 ​
​

Where:
fyk = 355.0 MPa – characteristic yield strength
​

γM 0 = 1.00 ​ – partial safety factor for steel material EN 1993-1-1 – 6.1

Loc. deformation
d0 δ δlim δ/d0
Name Loads Check status
[mm] [mm] [mm] [%]
B1 200 LE1 0 6 0.0 OK
B2 200 LE1 0 6 0.0 OK

Overall check, LE1

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Strain check, LE1

Equivalent stress, LE1

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Bolts
Ft,Ed Fv,Ed Fb,Rd Utt Uts Utts
Shape Item Grade Loads Detailing Status
[kN] [kN] [kN] [%] [%] [%]
B4 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 9.0 0.7 87.1 10.0 1.1 8.2 OK OK
B5 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 9.3 0.7 87.1 10.3 1.1 8.4 OK OK
B6 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 21.1 0.7 156.8 23.4 1.2 17.9 OK OK
B7 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 20.7 0.7 156.8 22.9 1.2 17.6 OK OK
B8 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 11.8 0.8 156.8 13.1 1.3 10.6 OK OK
B9 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 11.8 0.8 156.8 13.0 1.3 10.6 OK OK
B10 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 0.1 0.7 116.1 0.1 1.1 1.2 OK OK
B11 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 0.1 0.7 116.1 0.1 1.1 1.2 OK OK
B12 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 0.9 0.7 135.0 1.0 1.2 1.9 OK OK
B13 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 0.9 0.7 135.0 1.0 1.2 1.9 OK OK
B14 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 5.9 0.7 156.8 6.5 1.2 5.9 OK OK
B15 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 5.9 0.7 156.8 6.5 1.2 5.9 OK OK
B16 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 25.6 0.7 87.1 28.4 1.2 21.5 OK OK
B17 M16 8.8 - 1 LE1 0.2 0.7 87.1 0.2 1.2 1.3 OK OK

Design data

Ft,Rd Bp,Rd Fv,Rd

Grade
[kN] [kN] [kN]
M16 8.8 - 1 90.4 187.5 60.3

Detailed result for B4

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd =
​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =​

9.0 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor
fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​
9.0 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​ – Plate thickness
fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength
​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed = ​

0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​
– Reduction factor for packing
αv = 0.60 ​ – Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =​

γM 2
​

​
​

​ = 87.1 kN ≥ Fb,Ed =
​

0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

direction of load transfer

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.56
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 140 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 30 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = ∞ mm​
– Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force
fub = 800.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​
– Ultimate strength of the plate
d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.10 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd )
​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 9.0 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​
– Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

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Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​
– Shear force (in decisive shear plane)
Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 87.1 kN – Bearing resistance​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.08 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​
– Shear force (in decisive shear plane)
Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 9.0 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance

​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –
Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B5

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​
9.3 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​
– Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2
​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​
9.3 kN

Where:
dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 87.1 kN ≥ Fb,Ed =
​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.56
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 140 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 30 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = ∞ mm ​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.10 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 9.3 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:
Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 87.1 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.08 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 9.3 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –

Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B6

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​

21.1 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​

21.1 kN

Where:
dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​
0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 156.8 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 1.00
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force
p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter
e1 = 100 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = 70 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.23 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 21.1 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 156.8 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.18 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:
Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 21.1 kN – Tensile force ​

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –
Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B7

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​

20.7 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​

20.7 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​

0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 156.8 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 1.00
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force
d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 100 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force
p1 = 70 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.23 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 20.7 kN ​
– Tensile force
Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 156.8 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.18 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 20.7 kN – Tensile force ​

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –

Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B8

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​

11.8 kN

Where:
k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​

11.8 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​

0.8 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 156.8 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.8 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 1.00
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 180 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = 80 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Author:

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.13 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 11.8 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:
Fv,Ed = 0.8 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance
Fb,Ed = 0.8 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 156.8 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.11 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.8 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 11.8 kN – Tensile force ​

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –

Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B9

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​

11.8 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

18 / 40
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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​
11.8 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness
fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength
​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​

0.8 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 156.8 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.8 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 1.00
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 180 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = 80 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

19 / 40
 Project:
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Author:

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.13 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 11.8 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.8 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.8 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 156.8 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.11 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.8 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 11.8 kN – Tensile force ​

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –
Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B10

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​

0.1 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

20 / 40
 Project:
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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​

0.1 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​

0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 116.1 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.74
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force
p2 = 140 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 40 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force
p1 = ∞ mm ​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

21 / 40
 Project:
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Author:

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.00 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 0.1 kN ​
– Tensile force
Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 116.1 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 0.1 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailed result for B11

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​
0.1 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

22 / 40
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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​
0.1 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​
0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 116.1 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.74
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 140 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 40 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = ∞ mm ​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

23 / 40
 Project:
Project no:
Author:

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.00 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 0.1 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 116.1 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 0.1 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailed result for B12

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​
0.9 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

24 / 40
 Project:
Project no:
Author:

Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​

0.9 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​

0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 135.0 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.86
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 100 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = 60 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

25 / 40
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Project no:
Author:

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 0.9 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 135.0 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.02 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 0.9 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailed result for B13

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​
0.9 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

26 / 40
 Project:
Project no:
Author:

Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​

0.9 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​

0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 135.0 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.86
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 100 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = 60 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

27 / 40
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Project no:
Author:

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 0.9 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 135.0 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.02 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 0.9 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailed result for B14

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​

5.9 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

28 / 40
 Project:
Project no:
Author:

Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​

5.9 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​

0.7 kN

Where:
βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress
fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 156.8 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 1.00
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 260 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = 80 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

29 / 40
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Project no:
Author:

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.07 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 5.9 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 156.8 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.06 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 5.9 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –

Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B15

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​
5.9 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​
5.9 kN

Where:
dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed =
​
0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 156.8 kN ≥ Fb,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 1.00
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 40 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force
p2 = 280 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter
e1 = 260 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = 80 mm​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.07 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 5.9 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN ​
– Shear resistance

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 156.8 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.06 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 5.9 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –

Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B16

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​
25.6 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​
25.6 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 87.1 kN ≥ Fb,Ed =
​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.56
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 180 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 140 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force
d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 30 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = ∞ mm ​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.28 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 25.6 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 87.1 kN – Bearing resistance ​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.21 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 25.6 kN – Tensile force ​

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance​

Detailing check

Ductility, rotation capacity: Plate PP1a is too thick. Thickness should be lesser or equal to 8.6 mm. (EN 1993-1-8 –

Equation 6.32)

Detailed result for B17

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​
= 90.4 kN ≥ Ft,Ed =
​

0.2 kN

Where:

k2 = 0.90
​ – Factor

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

As = 157 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

0.6 π dm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 187.5 kN ≥ Ft,Ed = ​
0.2 kN

Where:

dm = 25 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever is
smaller
tp = 10 mm
​
– Plate thickness

fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 60.3 kN ≥ Fv,Ed = ​
0.7 kN

Where:

βp = 1.00 ​ – Reduction factor for packing

αv = 0.60 ​
– Reduction factor for shear stress

fub = 800.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 157 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd =
​

γM 2
​

​
​

​
= 87.1 kN ≥ Fb,Ed =
​
0.7 kN

Where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to the
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​ direction of load transfer

e 1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.56
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 180 mm
​
– Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force

p2 = 140 mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 18 mm ​
– Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 30 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = ∞ mm ​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 800.0 MPa ​

– Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 490.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate strength of the plate

d = 16 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 10 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
= 0.00 ≤ 1.0
​

min(Ft,Rd ; Bp,Rd ) ​ ​
​

Where:

Ft,Ed = 0.2 kN ​
– Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN ​ – Tension resistance

Bp,Rd = 187.5 kN – Punching resistance ​

Utilization in shear
F F
max( Fv,Ed ; b,Ed ) = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

v,Rd Fb,Rd
​ ​

​ ​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Fb,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Bearing force (for decisive plate)

Fb,Rd = 87.1 kN – Bearing resistance

​

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 – Table 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
+ = 0.01 ≤ 1.0
​ ​

Fv,Rd ​
​

1.4 Ft,Rd ​
​

Where:

Fv,Ed = 0.7 kN ​ – Shear force (in decisive shear plane)

Fv,Rd = 60.3 kN – Shear resistance ​

Ft,Ed = 0.2 kN ​ – Tensile force

Ft,Rd = 90.4 kN – Tension resistance

​

Welds
Tw L σw,Ed εPl σ⏊ τ⏊ τ|| Ut Utc
Item Edge Loads Detailing Status
[mm] [mm] [MPa] [%] [MPa] [MPa] [MPa] [%] [%]
PP1a B1 ◢ 10.0 937 LE1 87.7 0.0 82.3 -15.3 8.3 23.3 17.3 OK OK
PP1b B2 ◢ 10.0 937 LE1 104.8 0.0 66.4 -22.6 41.0 24.1 16.8 OK OK

Design data

fu βw σw,Rd 0.9 σ
Material
[MPa] [-] [MPa] [MPa]
S 355 490.0 0.90 435.6 352.8

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Detailed result for PP1a / B1 - 1

Weld resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Cl. 4.5.3.2)

σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM 2 ) = 2 + 3(τ 2 + τ 2 )]0.5 =

σw,Ed = [σ⊥
​ ​ ​ ​
435.6 MPa ≥ ​ ​

⊥ ​

∥ ​
87.7 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9 fu / γM 2 =
​ ​ ​
352.8 MPa ≥ ∣σ⊥ ∣ =
​
82.3 MPa

where:
fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength
​

βw = 0.90
​
– Correlation factor EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 4.1

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Stress utilization
∣σ⊥ ∣
Ut = max( σσw,Ed ; ) = 0.23 ≤ 1.0
​
​

w,Rd ​
​

σ⊥,Rd ​
​

Where:
σw,Ed = 87.7 MPa ​ – Maximum normal stress transverse to the axis of the weld

σw,Rd = 435.6 MPa – Equivalent stress resistance

​

σ⊥ = 82.3 MPa
​ – Normal stress perpendicular to the throat

σ⊥,Rd = 352.8 MPa – Perpendicular stress resistance

​

Detailed result for PP1b / B2 - 1

Weld resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 – Cl. 4.5.3.2)
2
σw,Rd = fu /(βw γM 2 ) =
​ ​ ​ ​

435.6 MPa ≥ σw,Ed = [σ⊥

​
+ 3(τ⊥2 + τ∥2 )]0.5 =
​ ​ ​

104.8 MPa

σ⊥,Rd = 0.9 fu / γM 2 =
​ ​ ​
352.8 MPa ≥ ∣σ⊥ ∣ =
​
66.4 MPa

where:
fu = 490.0 MPa – Ultimate strength
​

βw = 0.90
​ – Correlation factor EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 4.1

γM 2 = 1.25 ​
– Safety factor

Stress utilization
σ ∣σ⊥ ∣
Ut = max( σw,Ed ; ) = 0.24 ≤ 1.0
​
​

w,Rd ​
​

σ⊥,Rd ​
​

Where:
σw,Ed = 104.8 MPa – Maximum normal stress transverse to the axis of the weld
​

σw,Rd = 435.6 MPa – Equivalent stress resistance

​

σ⊥ = 66.4 MPa
​
– Normal stress perpendicular to the throat
σ⊥,Rd = 352.8 MPa – Perpendicular stress resistance
​

Buckling
Buckling analysis was not calculated.

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Cost estimation

Steel
Total weight Unit cost Cost
Steel grade
[kg] [€/kg] [€]
S 355 24.87 2.00 49.74

Bolts
Total weight Unit cost Cost
Bolt assembly
[kg] [€/kg] [€]
M16 8.8 2.49 5.00 12.47

Welds
Throat thickness Leg size Total weight Unit cost Cost
Weld type
[mm] [mm] [kg] [€/kg] [€]
Fillet rear 10.0 14.1 1.47 40.00 58.99

Hole drilling
Bolt assembly cost Percentage of bolt assembly cost Cost
[€] [%] [€]
12.47 30.0 3.74

Cost summary
Cost
Cost estimation summary
[€]
Total estimated cost 124.94

Bill of material

Manufacturing operations
Plates Welds Length
Name Shape Nr. Bolts Nr.
[mm] Throat thickness [mm] [mm]

PP1 P10.0x360.0-440.0 (S 355) 1 Fillet: 10.0 1878.8 M16 8.8 14

P10.0x360.0-440.0 (S 355) 1

Welds
Throat thickness Leg size Length
Type Material
[mm] [mm] [mm]
Fillet S 355 10.0 14.1 1878.8

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Bolts
Grip length
Name Count
[mm]
M16 8.8 20 14

Symbol explanation
Symbol Explanation
tp Plate thickness
σEd Equivalent stress
εPl Plastic strain
σc,Ed Contact stress
fy Yield strength
εlim Limit of plastic strain
Ft,Ed Tension force
Fv,Ed Resultant of bolt shear forces Vy and Vz in shear planes
Fb,Rd Plate bearing resistance EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 3.4
Utt Utilization in tension
Uts Utilization in shear
Utts Interaction of tension and shear EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 3.4
Ft,Rd Bolt tension resistance EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 3.4
Bp,Rd Punching shear resistance EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 3.4
Fv,Rd Bolt shear resistance EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 3.4
Tw Throat thickness a
L Length
σw,Ed Equivalent stress
σ⏊ Perpendicular stress
τ⏊ Shear stress perpendicular to weld axis
τ|| Shear stress parallel to weld axis
Ut Utilization
Utc Weld capacity estimation
◢ Fillet weld
fu Ultimate strength of weld
βw Correlation factor EN 1993-1-8 – Tab. 4.1
σw,Rd Equivalent stress resistance
0.9 σ Perpendicular stress resistance: 0.9*fu/γM2
d0 Cross-section size
δ Local cross-section deformation
δlim Allowed deformation

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Code settings
Item Value Unit Reference
Safety factor γM0 1.00 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
Safety factor γM1 1.00 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
Safety factor γM2 1.25 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
Safety factor γM3 1.25 - EN 1993-1-8: 2.2
Safety factor γC 1.50 - EN 1992-1-1: 2.4.2.4
Safety factor γInst 1.20 - EN 1992-4: Table 4.1
Joint coefficient βj 0.67 - EN 1993-1-8: 6.2.5
Effective area - influence of mesh size 0.10 -
Friction coefficient - concrete 0.25 - EN 1993-1-8
Friction coefficient in slip-resistance 0.30 - EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.7
Limit plastic strain 0.05 - EN 1993-1-5
Detailing Yes
Distance between bolts [d] 2.20 - EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.3
Distance between bolts and edge [d] 1.20 - EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.3
Concrete breakout resistance check Both EN 1992-4: 7.2.1.4 and 7.2.2.5
Use calculated αb in bearing check. Yes EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.4
Cracked concrete Yes EN 1992-4
Local deformation check Yes CIDECT DG 1, 3 - 1.1
Local deformation limit 0.03 - CIDECT DG 1, 3 - 1.1
Geometrical nonlinearity (GMNA) Yes Analysis with large deformations for hollow section joints
Braced system No EN 1993-1-8: 5.2.2.5

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