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The document provides definitions and distinctions related to Information Technology (IT), computers, and their components. It covers topics such as types of computers, differences between hardware and software, and various storage types. Additionally, it explains computer networks, their benefits, and different network topologies.

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adelkiro38
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16 views5 pages

Sheet (1) Ict Solution

The document provides definitions and distinctions related to Information Technology (IT), computers, and their components. It covers topics such as types of computers, differences between hardware and software, and various storage types. Additionally, it explains computer networks, their benefits, and different network topologies.

Uploaded by

adelkiro38
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q1( What is the definition of Information Technology (IT)?

• IT is the use of computers, storage, networking, and other physical devices, infrastructure, and
processes to create, process, store, secure, and exchange all forms of electronic data.

Q2(What is the definition of a computer?


• A computer is an electronic device used to process data and convert it into useful information.

Q3( What is the difference between data and information?


•Data is raw, unprocessed input.
•Information is processed data that has meaning and value.

Q4( What are the different types of computers?


The types of computers include:
•Mainframe
•Personal Computer (PC)
•Network PC
•Laptop
•Smartphones
•Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)

Q5( What is the difference between a Mainframe and a Personal Computer


(PC)?
•Mainframe: Used by large organizations, very fast, very expensive, and has huge storage.
•PC: Cheaper, less powerful, designed for personal use.
Q6( How does a laptop differ from a smartphone in terms of performance
and storage?
•Laptop: Faster, larger, and has more storage.
•Smartphone: Smaller, less powerful, but combines phone and computer functionalities.

3. Computer Components

Q7( What is the difference between hardware and software?


•Hardware: The physical parts of a computer (e.g., CPU, memory, keyboard, monitor).
•Software: The set of instructions that tell the computer what to do (e.g., operating systems,
applications).

Q8( What are the main components of the CPU?


•Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs calculations and logical operations.
•Control Unit (CU): Manages the execution of instructions.
•Registers: Store temporary data for processing.

Q9(What is the difference between primary memory (RAM) and secondary


storage (Hard Disk)?
•RAM: Temporary memory, fast, loses data when the computer is turned off.
•Hard Disk: Permanent storage, slower, retains data after shutdown.

Q10( What are the different types of ROM?


•PROM: Programmed once.
•EPROM: Can be erased with UV light and reprogrammed.
•EEPROM: Can be erased and reprogrammed electronically.
•Flash ROM: Faster EEPROM.
Q11( What are input devices? Give examples.
Input devices allow users to enter data into a computer. Examples:
•Keyboard
•Mouse
•Scanner
•Camera

Q12(What are output devices? Give examples.


Output devices display or provide results. Examples:
•Monitor
•Printer
•Speakers

Q13( What are devices that function as both input and output devices?

•Touchscreen
•Fax machine
•Network card

Q14( What is an operating system, and what is its role in a computer?


An operating system (OS) is software that manages computer hardware and software resources and
provides services for applications.

Q15(What is the difference between Windows, Linux, and Mac OS?


•Windows: User-friendly, widely used, but vulnerable to viruses.
•Linux: Open-source, secure, but requires technical knowledge.
•Mac OS: Designed for Apple devices, user-friendly, but limited to Apple products.
Q16( What are application programs? Provide examples.
A: Application software helps users perform specific tasks. Examples:
•Word processing (MS Word)
•Spreadsheets (MS Excel)
•Presentation software (MS PowerPoint)
•Web browsing (Google Chrome, Firefox)

Q17( What is a computer network?


A network is a group of connected devices that share resources such as files, printers, and the
internet.

Q18( What are the benefits of networks in a workplace?


•Data and resource sharing
•Cost reduction (e.g., shared printers)
•Easier communication among employees

Q19( What is the difference between a Local Area Network (LAN) and a
Wide Area Network (WAN)?
•LAN: Small network covering a limited area (e.g., home, office).
•WAN: Large network covering wide areas (e.g., the internet).

Q20) What is the difference between Peer-to-Peer and Client/Server


networks?
•Peer-to-Peer: All devices are equal, no central server.
•Client/Server: A central server manages resources for clients.

Q21) What are the different types of network topology?


•Bus: All devices share a single cable.
•Star: All devices connect to a central hub.
•Ring: Devices connect in a circular pattern.
•Mesh: Each device connects to every other device.
Q22)What is the difference between primary and secondary storage?
•Primary Storage (RAM): Fast, temporary, loses data when powered off.
•Secondary Storage (HDD, SSD, Flash Drive): Slower, permanent, retains data.

Q23)What is the difference between internal and external hard disks?


•Internal Hard Disk: Installed inside a computer.
•External Hard Disk: Portable, connects via USB.

Q24)What is the difference between CD and DVD in terms of storage


capacity and speed?
•CD: 750 MB, slower.
•DVD: 17 GB, faster.

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