Republic of the Philippines

CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

Detailed Lesson Plan for

Grade 11 General Mathematics

I. Performance Standard
The learners can judiciously apply logic in real-life arguments.
II. Learning Competency
The learners:
 illustrates and symbolizes propositions.
 distinguishes between simple and compound propositions.
III. Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
a. define proposition;
b. identify whether a mathematical statement is a proposition or not;
and
c. distinguish between simple and compound sentences.
IV. Subject Matter
A. Topic: Propositions: Simple and Compound Propositions
B. Materials: Laptop, Power Point Presentation, Television
C. Integration: English
D. Strategies: 4A’s Approach, Interactive Discussion, Guided Practice
E. Learning Resources:
 General Mathematics by Orlando Oronce, pages 266-277
 General Mathematics, Alternative Delivery Mode, modules 13
and 14
V. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

I. Preliminary Activity
A. Greeting
Good morning and nice to see you Good morning, Ms. Adriano! It’s nice to
Class!” see you too.
Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics
ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 1 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

B. Prayer
“Please stand up for the prayer”

“Let us bow down our head in the In the name of the father……..Praise be
presence of the lord, as we all say: In our Lord Jesus Christ…. Amen.
the name of the father … “

C. Class Room Management and

Attendance
“Before you sit down, please pick up the
pieces of trashes under your chairs and
make sure that your chairs are aligned”

“Be seated” Thank you Ms!

“I’ll take the attendance, but with a twist, If (Students take the attendance)
present Say May mahal, single or MU.“

“Do we have an assignment?” None Ms.

D. Review of Knowledge
Has any of you remember the type of -Yes Ms. This are the declarative,
sentences according to purpose in interrogative, imperative and exclamatory
English? sentences.

Very good! Now, in declarative there is a

form of declarative sentence that is used
in mathematics. That is the propositions.

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 2 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

It is defined as…anyone from the class? - A sentence or statement which is

either true or false, but not both.

II. Activity
Correct! To begin our lesson, we will start
with a game, FACT or BLUFF: Are you
smarter than a Fifth Grader?

Test your math knowledge by identifying if

each statement is a Fact or a Bluff.
Climb the grade levels and see if you’re
really smarter than a 5th grader!

Game procedure:
1. The game consists of 15 cards
divided into three levels of
difficulty: Easy (Grades 1–2) with
10 sec timer, Average (Grades 3–
4) 15 sec timer, and Difficult
(Grade 5 and above) with 20 sec
timer.
2. Class will compete in teams.
3. I will read each proposition aloud,
and the players respond with either
"Fact" or "Bluff."
4. Points can be awarded for correct
answers, with bonus points for
correct explanations.
5. The game ends with a final 5th-
grade-level challenge question. A
championship game.

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 3 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

6. The player or team with the most

points—or who answers the most
questions correctly—is crowned
the winner and earns the title:
“Smarter Than a 5th Grader!”
and a 5 question voucher, that can
be used for our long quiz.

EASY LEVEL (Grades 1–2)

1. Proposition: “5 is greater than Answers
9.” 1. Bluff
2. Proposition: “Even numbers 2. Fact
end in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.” 3. Bluff
3. Proposition: “Zero is an odd
number.”
AVERAGE LEVEL (Grades 3–4)
1. Proposition: “Multiplying any Answers
number by zero gives zero.” 1. Fact
2. Proposition: “A right angle 2. Bluff
measures 120 degrees.” 3. Bluff
3. Proposition: “3/4 is smaller than
1/2.”

DIFFICULT LEVEL (Grade 5 and up) Answers

1. Proposition: “All prime numbers 1. Bluff
are odd.” 2. Fact
2. Proposition: “The number 0 is 3. Bluff
neither positive nor negative.”
3. Proposition: “The value of π is
exactly equal to 3.14.”

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 4 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

******
III. Analysis

We will be using your knowledge on the

propositions to further understand the
logic in mathematics.

Class, what comes into your mind when - It is something we use to determine if
we encounter the word “LOGIC”? it’s something is true or not.
- Logic is reasoning.

Yes! Very good!

To Aristotle, Logic is the science of

reasoning.

Here in Mathematics, we will always

encounter logic. Not only in this subject,
but we unconsciously use it in our
everyday lives.

The teacher will present the learning

objectives for the lesson.

****
IV. Abstraction
What is a proposition? Anyone from the
class? - It is a declarative sentence that is
either true or false, but not both.

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 5 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

Correct! In mathematics:
- Proposition is a mathematical
statement that is either has a truth
value: true or truth value: false, but
not both.
- Oftentimes a small letter is used to
denote a proposition.
- A sequence of propositions may be
denoted p1, p2, p3...

Lets’ take this as an example:

a: All even numbers are divisible by 2 this can be read as:
b: 2 + 2 = 4 - a is the proposition “All even numbers
are divisible by 2”, since all even are
divisible by 2 then it has a truth value
of TRUE
- b is the proposition of “2+2=4”. True

(Guided Practice)
Determine if the statement is a Answers
proposition or not. If it is, determine its a: Proposition. Since 7 has only two
truth value. factors: 1 and itself, then its TRUE.
a: 7 is a prime number. b: Proposition. FALSE because 10 is
b: 10 is less than 3. greater than 3.
c: Please solve this equation. c: NOT a proposition. It’s a command.
d: If x=4, then x2=16 d: Proposition. Substituting: 42=16, then
e: Let x be a positive integer. its TRUE.
e: NOT a proposition. It is a definition or a

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 6 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

command.

Proceed with the next sub topic.

There are two types of propositions:

simple propositions and compound
propositions.

What is the difference between the two?

- Simple proposition only consists of
one proposition.
- Compound proposition contains two or
more simple propositions
Very Good!
Simple propositions are single
propositions, otherwise it is a Compound
proposition. Compound propositions are
formed by joining two propositions using
logical connectors.

Say that we have propositions p and q,

some logical connectors are:
Not p
P and q
P or q
If p, then q

Lets take this set of statements:

(Guided Practice)
Determine if this is a Simple or a Answers
Compound proposition. a: Compound

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 7 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

b: Simple
a: If a number ends in 0, then it is c: Simple
divisible by 5. d: Compound
b: π is an irrational number. e: Compound
c: the square of 5 is 25.
d: If an odd number is multiplied to an
even number, then the product is odd.
e: if a triangle has two equal sides, then it
is isosceles.

Great job everyone!

Are you able to follow the discussion?

Yes Ms.

Ok, here is another example of simple

and compound propositions.

V. Application

(Think-Pair-Share Activity)
Determine which of the following
statements are true and false. Justify your Answers
answers. a: True.
x2 + 2x + 1 = 9

a: If x = 2, then x2 + 2x + 1 = 9. (2)2 + 2(2) + 1= 9

b: The number 9 is a prime number. 4+4+1=9

c: Every odd number is a multiple of 3. 9=9

d: The product of two negative numbers b: False. 9 is divisible by 3, so it is not a

is positive. prime.

e: Zero is a positive number. c: False. 5 is odd but not a multiple of 3.

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 8 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

d: True. (−2) × (−3) = 6, which is positive.

Determine if the statement is a simple or e: False. Zero is neither positive nor
compound proposition. Find its truth value negative.
and justify your answer.

f: The equation 2x − 5 = 9 has a solution. Answer

g: If a triangle has one 90-degree angle, f: Simple. True.
then it is a right triangle. 2x – 5 = 9
5 2x = 9 + 5
h: is undefined.
0
x = 14 / 2
i: There is a prime number that is greater
x=7
than or equal to all other prime numbers.
g: Compound. True. By definition, a right
j: The number π is an irrational and Pi is
triangle has exactly one 90-degree
a real number.
angle.
h: Simple. True. Division by zero is
undefined in mathematics.
i: Compound. False. There are infinitely
many prime numbers (Euclid’s theorem).
j: Compound. True. π is irrational (it can't
be written as a fraction) and it is also a
real number (it exists on the number line).

VI. Evaluation
Puzzle Time: “The Equation Enigma”

Five students—Althea, Bram, Cassie, Dario, and Elen—are participating in

a math contest. Each makes a bold claim involving math.
Can you crack the logic and find out who is the real “Proposition Master”?

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 9 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

Althea: “If 3x − 5 = 10, then x² − 4x = 21.”

Bram: “The product of the roots of x² − 6x + 8 = 0 is 8, and both roots are
greater than 3.”
Cassie: “The number 256 is both a perfect square and a cube.”
Dario: “If y = 2, then the expression 3y² + 2y − 1 evaluates to 17.”
Elen: “The inequality 2x + 1 < 7 has no integer solution.”

Mission:
1. Determine who is telling the truth.
2. Label each statement as Simple or Compound.
3. Show how you verified each statement’s truth value.

Key to Correction:
Correct Answer:
Truth-teller: Dario
Type of proposition: Compound

Dario's statement (corrected):

“If y = 2, then the expression 3y² + 2y − 1 evaluates to 15.”

Solution:

 y=2
 3(2)² + 2(2) − 1 = 12 + 4 − 1 = 15
 Therefore, the whole compound proposition is TRUE.

All other statements are FALSE:

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 10 of 11
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
Impig, Sipocot, Camarines Sur 4408
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: cbsua.sipocot@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 881-6681

 Althea: False result after solving

 Bram: One root is not > 3
 Cassie: 256 is not a perfect cube
 Elen: The inequality does have integer solutions

Prepared by: Checked by:

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO SIR JOHN FELIX ROMERO

BSED – Mathematics 3A Instructor in MATH 116-C Principles and
Strategies in Teaching Mathematics

Detailed Lesson Plan for Grade 11 General Mathematics

ARIANNE JASMINE M. ADRIANO
|Page 11 of 11