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FEM_Lecture#4 (1)

The document discusses interpolation and shape functions in the context of the finite element method, highlighting how continuous functions can be approximated using discrete models composed of interpolation polynomials. Each element in the model is defined by interpolation functions that describe behavior between nodes, with shape functions representing individual nodes' contributions. The Lagrange polynomial formula is also introduced as a method for generating shape functions applicable to various dimensions.

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4 views12 pages

FEM_Lecture#4 (1)

The document discusses interpolation and shape functions in the context of the finite element method, highlighting how continuous functions can be approximated using discrete models composed of interpolation polynomials. Each element in the model is defined by interpolation functions that describe behavior between nodes, with shape functions representing individual nodes' contributions. The Lagrange polynomial formula is also introduced as a method for generating shape functions applicable to various dimensions.

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20bsm033
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Interpolation function and

Shape function
Interpolation Function
• The fundamental concept of the finite
element method is that a continuous
function can be approximated using a
discrete model.
• The discrete model is composed of one
or more interpolation polynomials, and
the continuous function is divided into
finite pieces called elements.
Interpolation Function
• Each element is defined using an
interpolation function to describe its
behavior between its end points. The
end points of the finite element are
called nodes.
Shape Function
• The shape function is usually denoted by
the letter N and is usually the coefficient
that appears in the interpolation
polynomial.
• A shape function is written for each
individual node of a finite element and
has the property that its magnitude is 1
at that node and 0 for all other nodes in
that element.
Interpolation Function
• 1-D Linear interpolation function

Assume,
Interpolation Function
• 1-D Linear interpolation function
Substituting the boundary conditions
and

and
Interpolation Function
• 1-D Linear interpolation function
The interpolation function is

And, the shape functions are:


Interpolation Function
• 1-D Linear interpolation function
Or, the interpolation function in terms of
shape function can be given as:

Define, and

The interpolation function can be given


as:
Interpolation Function
• 1-D Quadratic interpolation function
Interpolation Function
• 1-D Quadratic interpolation function
The shape function can be given as:
Lagrange Interpolation formula
• The Lagrange polynomial formula is an
interpolation formula that is useful for generating
shape functions and is defined as:

NOTE: i ≠ n

• The Lagrange polynomial can be used to construct


an interpolation formula or shape function
corresponding to any line element, and the line
element is easily extended to higher dimensions.
Interpolation Function
• 1-D Quadratic interpolation function
The shape function can be again given as:

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