CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the alternate assessment work on,

“Metal Detector Robot”

has been carried out by the students,

“Bharath M Gowda (B13),

Chintala Kushal Reddy (B31),
Chenna Siddharth (B28),
Daggubati Naga Venkata Pavan Kumar (B32),
Akhila E (B03)”

and submitted for the partial fulfilment of the requirements of the subject,
Robotics and Automation (Subject Code: 24ETC151)
on 13.01.2025.

_________________________

Prof. Piyush Kumar Soni

Senior Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
New Horizon College of Engineering, Bangalore

i
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, the students of First Semester, First Year, Bachelor of Engineering, Computer Science
Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering declare that the alternative
assessment work titled “Metal Detector Robot” has been carried out by us and submitted in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of the subject, “Robotics and
Automation” during the year 2024-2025.

We owe our heartfelt acknowledgement with gratitude to Prof. Piyush Kumar Soni,
Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering for teaching us the subject
and training us with his valuable knowledge and rich experience as it helped us a lot in
understanding the concepts and completing this assignment.

We extend our deepest thanks to Dr. Anasuya Professor and Head-Applied Sciences, and Mr.
Rakesh, Head-Mechanical Engineering for all their kind support in our daily learning process
throughout the semester.

We extend our earnest thanks to Dr. Manjunatha, Principal, New Horizon College of
Engineering for allowing us to utilize the laboratory resources for doing our alternative
assessment work.

Last, but not least, we would like to put forward our endless acknowledgement to all our
project mates who have directly or indirectly provided their overwhelming support during the
assignment work and development of this report.

Name of Student: Signature:

Bharath M Gowda (B13) ____________
Chintala Kushal Reddy (B31) ____________
Chenna Siddharth (B28) ____________
Daggubati Pavan Kumar (B32) ____________
Akhila E (B03) ____________
Date: 13/01/2025
Place: Bangalore
 ii

CONTENTS

Particulars Page No.

Certificate i
Acknowledgement ii
Contents iii
List of Figures iv
Abstract v

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview vi
1.2 Objectives vi

Chapter 2 Circuit Diagram of Metal Detector Robot vii

Chapter 3 Construction of Metal Detector Robot

3.1 Details of Components viii-xi
3.2 Details of Program xii
3.3 Methodology xii

Chapter 4 Working Principle of Metal Detector Robot xiii-xiv

Chapter 5 Applications of Metal Detector Robot xv

Chapter 6 Results xvi

Chapter 7 Conclusion and Future Scope xvii-xix

References

iii
 LIST OF FIGURES

S. FIGURES PAGE
No
1 Circuit Diagram 8
2 Arduino UNO 9
3 Bluetooth module HC-05 10
4 DC Motors 10
5 Wheels 10
6 9V Battery and Lithium battery 11
7 Jumper wire 11
8 L298N Motor Driver 12
9 Plastic box
10 Wooden piece
11 Flowchart
 iv

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER 1
 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview:

1.2 Objectives:

vi
 CHAPTER 2

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF
Metal Detector Robot

Circuit Diagram of Metal Detector Robot

vii
 CHAPTER 3

CONSTRUCTION OF
Metal Detector Robot

3.1 Details of components:

viii
ix
5. 9V Battery and Lithium Ion Battery

The 9V battery is used to power the Arduino UNO, HC-05 Bluetooth

Module, the Inductive Metal Sensors, and the Buzzer.

x
Supply power to each DC motor using four 3.7V lithium-ion batteries.

xi
3.2 Details of program:

3.3 Methodology:
This work is divided into two sections- hardware and software. Hardware
section contains robot making, metal detector, and control unit. In the
hardware section, we explain the working of Arduino and DC motors and
how the robot utilizes them to detect the metallic obstacles. In the section
of the metal detector, we describe general information about kind of metal
detector and working principles. In the section of the control unit, we
describe what kind of microcontroller we use. While in the software section,
we explain the algorithm that we use in making the android application and
metal detector.
A simple block diagram is shown in Figure 9 below.

xii
 CHAPTER 4

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF
Metal Detector Robot

Working Principle
The working principle of the Metal Detector Robot
is a finely tuned process that involves multiple
components operating in unison to achieve efficient
metal detection. At the core of this system is the
Arduino UNO microcontroller, which orchestrates
the robot's functions by processing input signals
from the inductive metal sensors and executing
commands based on these inputs.
The inductive metal sensors are essential for the
detection process. These sensors emit an
electromagnetic field, which is altered when a
metallic object enters the field. When the sensors
detect this change, they send a signal to the Arduino,
prompting it to trigger the buzzer. This auditory
alert notifies the operator of the presence of metal,
allowing for immediate action without the need for
constant monitoring. The sensitivity of these sensors
plays a crucial role in determining the effectiveness
of the robot in various environments, ensuring it can
detect various types of metals.

xiii
The integration of the HC-05 Bluetooth module
facilitates wireless communication between the
robot and a mobile device. Upon receiving
commands from the connected smartphone or
computer, the Arduino interprets these instructions
and sends appropriate signals to the L298N motor
driver. This driver controls the DC motors, enabling
the robot to navigate effectively. The Bluetooth
module operates on a 2.4 GHz frequency, allowing
for a range of up to 10 meters, which enhances the
operator's ability to control the robot remotely.
Additionally, the control commands can include
specific navigation instructions, such as moving
forward, backward, or turning. As the robot
manoeuvres through its environment, the inductive
metal sensors continuously scan for metallic objects,
maintaining an ongoing detection process. This
interactive system ensures that the robot can operate
autonomously while still allowing for user input and
oversight through Bluetooth connectivity, making it
a versatile tool for various applications.

xiv
 CHAPTER 5

APPLICATIONS OF
Metal Detector Robot

The Applications are:

 These robots are used in detecting landmines.

 Robots are used for in detecting the minerals
present in the ground.
 These robots are used for detecting the bombs.
 These can be used in construction industry for
locating steel bars present in concrete.
 They are used in airports and building security
to detect the weapons.

xv
 CHAPTER 6

RESULTS

The robot moves thanks to a DC motor

controlled by a program running on an Arduino
UNO. When the robot detects metal, it will
sound a buzzer. The testing results show
that the robot can be controlled by an Android-
powered smartphone at up to 15 m.

xvi
 CHAPTER 7

CONCLUSION

The Metal Detector Robot project has demonstrated

significant success in its primary objective:
detecting metals and responding to user commands
effectively. Through rigorous testing, the robot
showcased its ability to identify metallic objects at
distances of up to 1.5 meters, with a notable
reliability in detecting ferrous metals. The
integration of the Arduino UNO, inductive metal
sensors, and the L298N motor driver facilitated
seamless communication between components,
allowing for responsive navigation and detection
capabilities.
The robot's operational efficiency was particularly
evident during obstacle navigation tests, where it
exhibited agile manoeuvrability and swift
responsiveness to Bluetooth commands. The HC-05
Bluetooth module enhanced user interaction by
enabling remote monitoring and control, making it
an effective tool for various applications, from
treasure hunting to construction site inspections.

xvii
Despite these successes, several areas for
improvement were identified that could enhance the
robot's functionality. One primary concern was the
sensor's occasional susceptibility to interference
from other electronic devices, which led to false
positives in metal detection. Future work could
involve refining the sensor calibration to reduce
noise and improve accuracy in complex
environments. Additionally, increasing the
Bluetooth module's communication range could
provide greater flexibility for operators, allowing
them to control the robot from a more considerable
distance.
Furthermore, the implementation of advanced
algorithms could enhance the robot's autonomous
navigation capabilities, enabling it to adapt its path
in real-time based on the environment. Incorporating
additional sensors, such as GPS or ultrasonic
sensors, could further improve navigation and
detection accuracy, allowing the robot to function
effectively in diverse terrains.
Overall, the Metal Detector Robot project has laid a
solid foundation for further exploration and
enhancement, illustrating the potential of robotics in
metal detection and paving the way for future
innovations in the field.

xviii
 FUTURE SCOPE
Metal detector robots have a promising future, with the
potential to improve safety, efficiency, and automation
in many industries. Here are some ways metal detector
robots could advance:
 More sensitive and accurate

Advancements in sensing technology could allow robots

to detect metal objects that are smaller or buried deeper.
 Better classification

Machine learning algorithms could help robots classify

and interpret detected metal objects, leading to more
sophisticated decision-making.
 Improved signal processing

Intelligent signal processing can filter out noise and

interference, resulting in clearer, more reliable signals.
 Increased use in industries

Metal detector robots could be used in more industries,

such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and
packaging, to identify pollutants and preserve product
integrity.
 Used for environmental cleanup

Metal detectors can be used to recover metals that can be

recycled and reused, helping to clean up natural
environments.
 Used in archaeological discoveries

Metal detectors can be used to recover historical

artifacts, such as ancient coins, from coastal areas.
xix