​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Summer Vacation Work

1.​ Determine whether each of the following is a prime or a composite

number.​
87 65 77 97 81 67 79 71 73 101 120 91
Prime number:

Composite number:

2.​ Find the first four multiples of the following number.​

a. 21
b. 33
c. 54
d. 87

3.​ Find the prime factorization of the following number and leave your
answer in index notation.​
a. 60, ​ ​ b. 72,

c. 244, ​ ​ ​ d. 315

​
4.​ i) Given that the prime factorization of 9801 is 3⁴ x 11² find 9801

ii) Given that the prime factorization of 7056 is 2⁴ x 3² x 7² find

7056

3
iii) Given that the prime factorization of 9261 is 3³ x 7³, Find 9261
.

iv) Given that the prime factorization of 21952 is 2⁶ x 7³, Find

3
21952
5.​ Find the square root of the following through prime factorization.
i) 2025 ii) 2304

6.​ Find the cube root of the following through prime factorization.

3 3
i) 216 ​​ ​ ​ ​ ii) 1728

7.​ Find HCF of following

i) 16 and 24
ii) 24 and 48 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ iii) 42 , 66 and 78​

​
8.​ Find the LCM of following
i) 48 and 72 ii)75 and 105

iii)12, 18 and 56​ iv) 56, 72 and 104.

 9.​ Evaluate
(i) 89 – 58 + 28 – (–32)​​ ​ ​ (ii) 193 + 208 – {29 – (367)}

(iii) 56 – 34 + 235 – (123)​ ​ ​ (iv) (84 – 34) × (84 + 45)

10.​ Evaluate the following:

(i) 34 – 56 + (–18)​ ​ ​ ​ (ii) [32 – 17] × [32 + 90]

(iii) 12 – 25 + (–35) + 2.9​ ​ ​ (iv) 34 – 56 + 13 – ( –37)

 11.​ Solve the following Questions

3 4 2 6
(i). 7 4
+ 6
​ ​ ​ ​ (ii). 9 3
+ 15
​

1 4 3 4
(iii). 4 2
+ 11
​ ​ ​ (iv). 2 5
+ 1 20

3 4 1 5
(v). 2 5
− 1 20
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (vi). 2 15
− 1 4​

​ ​
 4 4 6 11
(vii). 2 15
− 3 9 ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (viii).​ 2 7
− 1 9

12.​ Solve the following Questions

16 5 2 15
(i). 10
× 14
​ ​ ​ ​ (ii). 6
× 20
​

1 3 3 13
(iii). 2 2
× 3 5
​ ​ ​ ​ (iv). 7 11
× 1 20
 3 6 6 14
(v). 5 12
÷6 5
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (vi). 12 9
÷ 4
​

2 9
(vii). 1 3
÷ 5​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (viii).​ 17 ÷ 5

13.​ Solve the following equations.​

i) x – 5 = 7 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ii) x + 3 = -2​

iii) 2x – 7 = 21​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ iv) 5 + 3x = 45

v) -4x +7 = -15​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ vi) 6𝑥−4=26​
​
​
​

vii) 12x+8=5x+36​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ viii) 3a – 4 = a + 6

ix) 12𝑘−1=6𝑘−25​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ x) 3(2x−6)=2(5x+3)

xi) -3( 9y + 2) = 2( 4y - 7)​​ ​ ​ xii) 2y - [ 7 - ( 5y - 4) ] = 6

xiii) 3(2m+6)=2(m−3)
 𝑦+2 2 3𝑥+2 5
xiv) 𝑦−3
= 3
​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ xv) 𝑥−4
= 4

3𝑦+2 7
xvi) 2𝑦−3
= 2

14.​ Find y If x = 2, then 2x – 5 = 7+y

15.​ Find the value of “y”. If y = a( 4a - 5) given a = 3

 16.​ If p - 5q = 4qr, find the value of p when q = 4 and r = -1.​
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17.​ Find the value of “k”. If x = 3 , y = - 2 , z = 1

(a)​ k + z = 4x + 3y

(b) k = 3x² + 5z – y​
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 Percentage Questions with Answers
18.​ A fruit seller had some apples. He sells 40% apples and still
has 420 apples. What is the total number of apples he had
originally? (Ans: x=700)​
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​

19.​ If a student scores 85% on a test with 150 questions, how many
questions did they answer correctly?​
(note:127.5 questions correctly. Since you can't have a fraction of
a question, the student answered 127 questions correctly.)​
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​

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20.​ A store is offering a 20% discount on all items. If a shirt

originally costs $25, what is the discounted price?(Ans 20$)​
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21.​ If a recipe calls for 2 cups of sugar and you want to make only
half of the recipe, how many cups of sugar do you need?(Ans 1
cup)

22.​ After a series of price hikes, the cost of a product increased by

30%. If the original price was $50, what is the new price?​
(Ans 65 (hint: Find 30% of 50 then add it in 50))

23.​ A company had 120 employees last year. This year, they hired
15% more employees. How many employees does the company
have this year?​
Ans: 138 (hint: Find 15% of 120 then add it in 120)​
24.​ If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:2 and there are 25
students in total, how many boys are there?(Ans: 15 boys)​
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25.​ A recipe calls for a ratio of 2 cups of flour to 1 cup of sugar. If

you want to double the recipe, how much flour should you use?​
(Ans : Double the recipe )

26.​ In a bag of marbles, the ratio of red marbles to blue marbles is

5:3. If there are 40 red marbles, how many blue marbles are
there?​
(Ans 24 blue marbles)​
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27.​ If the ratio of cats to dogs in a neighbourhood is 2:5 and there
are 42 cats, how many dogs are there?(Ans 105 dogs)​
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28.​ A car travels 240 miles in 4 hours. What is the ratio of miles
travelled to hours spent driving?​
(Ans 60 miles per hour)​
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​

29.​A triangle has side lengths in the ratio of 3:4:5. If the shortest side
is 6 inches, what are the lengths of the other two sides?​
(Ans: the lengths of the other two sides are 8 inches and 10
inches.)​
 Ratio and Proportion
Use Multiplication and Division Facts
1) 4 children share 6 pizzas. If 2 more children join the group and each child is to have
the same amount of pizza, how many more pizzas are needed?

Percentages
2) Circle which is greater: 15% of 2 litres or 50% of 500ml

Scaled Shapes
3) The length and width of rectangle A are increased by a scale factor of 3 to make
rectangle B. What are the new dimensions of rectangle B?

4cm

A 2cm B

Use Fractions and Multiples

3
4) A child has read 50 pages of a book and has to read.
5
How many pages are there left to read?
2
a) 5
of the book has been read which is pages
1
b) of the book is pages
5
3
c) of the book is pages. There are pages left to read.
5
 Algebra
Formulae Formulae are used in mathematics and
1a) 2s + 4 = t, if s = 5, what is t? science:

t= × + = Area of a rectangle:
a = lw (a = area, l = length and w = width)

Perimeter of a rectangle:
p = 2(l + w) (p = perimeter)

b) What is the area and perimeter of this rectangle?

5cm

2cm

Express missing number problems algebraically:

2a) If a number (g) is 12 more than a number (h):

g= + or h = –

a) A locksmith charges £15 callout and £20 per hour for any work. What formulae would
calculate his charge for h number of hours?

Sequences
This linear sequence starts with 3 and each step is 4: 3, 7, 11, 15…

3) The 1st term is 4 × 1 – 1 = 3, the 2nd term is 4 × 2 – 1 = 7, the 3rd is 4 × 3 – 1 = 11…

therefore the nth term is .

Equations
4) Find possible pairs of numbers for a and b in 3a + b = 12.

Variables
5) The total of two numbers is 15. Both numbers are between 5 and 10.
Find all the possible combinations.
 Measurement
Estimate, Measure, Compare, Add and Subtract
Measure and draw lines using a ruler in centimetres (cm) or millimetres (mm).

Lengths (mm/cm/m)

1a) Measure this line in cm.

b) Draw a line that is 12.5mm long.

Mass (g/kg)
Measure the mass of objects using different scales.

4a) 3 apples weigh 435g. One is eaten, and the 2 remaining apples weigh 285g.

b) What is the mass of the eaten apple?

Capacity (ml/l)

5) Circle which jug has more water.

250ml 0.3l

Convert between units

6a) Length: 1 km = m, 1m = cm or mm, 1cm = mm

b) Mass: 1kg = g
e)
c) Capacity/ Volume: 1l = ml days hath September,

April, June and November.

d) Time: 1 year = days
(leap year days), All the rest have ,
1 week = days, Excepting February alone
1 day = hours, Which only has but days clear
1 hour = minutes,
And in each leap year.
1 minute = seconds.
Convert between metric and imperial units
7a) 1 inch ≈ cm 5 miles ≈ km

1kg ≈ (pounds) 1 litre ≈ pints

b) A road sign says Sheffield 45 miles. How many kilometres is it to Sheffield?

km

Perimeter, Area and Volume

The perimeter is the measurement around the edge of a shape.

8a) The sides of this rectangle are 8cm and 3cm, so the perimeter is cm.

b) Measure and calculate the perimeter of rectilinear shapes (including squares).

12cm

3cm
Perimeter = cm.

6cm

5cm
Area
9a) Find the area of rectilinear shapes by counting squares.

Area = cm2

b) Calculate the area of rectangles: multiply the length of two adjacent sides.

3cm Area = 8cm × 3cm = cm2

8cm

c) Estimate the area of irregular shapes by counting the whole squares and the squares
with more than half included in the shape:

1 square = 1cm2 Area = cm2

Shapes with the same area can have different perimeters.

4cm
6cm

A 3cm B 2cm

d) Find the area and perimeter of these rectangles. What do you notice?

The area of a triangle is based on it being half of a rectangle that includes the triangle.

e) The area of a triangle is of the base (b) × the height (h) or bh

A similar idea is used to find the area of a parallelogram. Cut a triangle off one end
and move to the other and the parallelogram becomes a rectangle.

f) The area of a parallelogram is the × the height (h) or .

Money
Add and subtract giving change.

10) Jude buys a bag of apples for £1.25 and a bag of oranges for £2.15. He pays with a £5
note. How much change will he be given?
Time
11a) Match the analogue clock to the digital clock that is showing the same time:

04 50

08 45

1 2 1 0

03 20

06 1 5

b) A film lasts 136 minutes. How long is the film in hours and minutes?

hours and minutes

c) Convert the following times from 12-hour to 24-hour clock and vice versa:

3:45 p.m. = 11:20 a.m. =

15:55 = 06:10 =

Solve Problems
12a) 2 equal bottles of water contain 500ml of drink. How many litres will 7 bottles hold?

b) A 6.5kg bag of soil is divided into 20 pots equally. Each pot needs 0.5kg. How much
more does each pot need?

÷ =

– = kg is needed by each pot

 Geometry – Shape
2D Shapes
1a) Main shapes: circle, triangle, quadrilateral, square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram,
pentagon, hexagon, octagon, decagon. Identify each one:

Draw 2D shapes using given dimensions and angles.

b) Draw a square with sides 5cm.

c) Draw an isosceles triangle with one side of 5cm and 2 sides of 7cm.
Compare and classify shapes
2a) Draw the shapes that belong within the venn diagram:

Has at least one

Has 4 sides
right angle

Triangles
Draw a line to the triangle being described:
b) Equilateral (all sides and angles equal)

c) Isosceles (2 sides and angles equal)

d) Scalene (no sides and angles equal)

e) Right-angled triangle (one angle a right angle)

3D Shapes
3a) Main shapes: sphere, cylinder, cube, cuboid, tetrahedron, square-based pyramid,
triangular prism, pentagonal prism, hexagonal prism. Identify each one:

Recognise, describe and build simple 3D shapes, including making nets.

b) What shape is made from this net?

Angles
4a) An angle measures a . d) An angle is less than
a right angle (90°).

b) A angle is the corner

of a square.

e) An angle is between a
right angle and a straight line.

c) 2 right angles make a line.

Draw and Measure Angles

Read the scale

One of the
on the other line
lines must
round from 0.
be on the 0.

5a) The angle is: .

The angles at a point and whole turn total 360° (four right angles).

b) Fill in the missing numbers: c) Angles at a point on a line total 180°.

105°
110° 105°
°
° 25°

d) One right angle = °

e) Two right angles = °

f) Three right angles = °

Angles in a triangle add up to 180°.
a
35°
6a) What is the size of angle a? . 80°

Angles in a quadrilateral add up to 360°.

105° b
b) What is the size of angle b, c and d?

, , .
d c

Lines
7) Draw the following lines:

a) Horizontal

b) Vertical

c) Parallel Lines

d) Perpendicular lines (at a right angle)

Regular and Irregular Polygons
Regular polygons have equal sides and equal angles.

10a) Identify the following:

Irregular polygons do
not have equal sides and
angles. They may have
equal angles or equal
sides but not both.

A rhombus has equal

sides and a rectangle has
equal angles but they are
not regular (unless they
are a square).

b) Explain why these shapes are regular polygons.

72° 60° 45°

Circles
11a) Identify the main parts of a circle:

b) The is the distance around the perimeter of the circle.

c) The is the distance from the centre to the circumference.

d) The is the distance from the circumference to the circumference

on the other side through the centre of the circle.

e) The is double the radius.

 Geometry – Position and Direction
Coordinates
Coordinates in all four quadrants.
y
1a) The coordinates are: 8
7 A
A( , )
6
B( , ) 5
4
C( , )
3
B 2
1
x
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
C -7
-8

Some coordinates grids are drawn without squares.

b) Work out the coordinates of points a and b.

c) Compare the coordinates of the 2 triangles to find the answer.

y
a
a=( , )

b (0,4) b=( , )

x
(-4,-2)

(-6,-5) (-2,-5)

* not to scale
 Statistics
Present data in these graphs and tables and solve problems:

Pictograms
Favourite Colour

1) How many children were asked to vote for their favourite colour?

Bar Charts

2a) How many more children chose cheese and onion as their favourite crisps than ready
salted?
Continuous data can have any value – usually a measurement.

25
The Height of Children
20
Number of children

15

10

0
80cm -89cm

90cm -99cm

110cm -119cm

120cm -129cm
100cm -109cm

Height in cm

b) How many children are 1m or taller?

Tables
Here is a table showing the number of chocolate bars sold to customers in a shop over 4 days.

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Saturn 2 1 3 4
Twin 0 2 2 3
Stars 5 3 2 0
Cluster 2 2 2 2
Treasure 1 3 5 0
Tiger 6 3 4 1
Plimmy 1 3 2 2

3) Which chocolate bar is the most popular?

Time Graphs
Time graphs show the changing of data over time. These often take the form of line graphs
but can also be a bar chart.

Number of Children Who Have a School Meal

4) How many school meals were served during the week?

Line Graphs
Length of a Shadow

09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00

5a) At which time of day was the shadow at its shortest?

b) How long was the shadow at 15:00?

Timetables
Train timetable from London to Newcastle

Destination Journey A Journey B Journey C

London 10:20 11:30 16:40
Derby 12:20 18:00
Sheffield 12:40 13:10 18:30
Hull 13:20 13:55 19:15
Newcastle 14:25 14:40

6) Which train takes the least time to get from London to Hull?

Pie Charts
Pie charts show data by dividing a circle to represent the different proportions of the data.

A class of children chose their favourite flavour of crisps. Here is a pie chart of the results.

Salt and Vinegar

Cheese and Onion

Ready Salted

In questions about pie charts children have to use the proportion of

the pie to work out answers.

In this pie chart, 20 children are asked how they travel to school.

7) Estimate how many children travelled by bus.

Mean
8a) The mean of a set of data is equivalent to sharing the data out .

b) If 4 test scores are 3, 5, 6, 8, the mean is found by adding the data (3 + 5 + 6 + 8 = )

and then sharing between the 4 scores by dividing by 4 ( ÷4= ).

c) What is the mean of 15, 17, 20, 24, 24?