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Databricks
Exam Questions Databricks-Certified-Professional-Data-Engineer
Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional Exam

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NEW QUESTION 1
Review the following error traceback:
Which statement describes the error being raised?

A. The code executed was PvSoark but was executed in a Scala notebook.
B. There is no column in the table named heartrateheartrateheartrate
C. There is a type error because a column object cannot be multiplied.
D. There is a type error because a DataFrame object cannot be multiplied.
E. There is a syntax error because the heartrate column is not correctly identified as a column.

Answer: E

Explanation:
The error being raised is an AnalysisException, which is a type of exception that occurs when Spark SQL cannot analyze or execute a query due to some logical
or semantic error1. In this case, the error message indicates that the query cannot resolve the column name ‘heartrateheartrateheartrate’ given the input columns
‘heartrate’ and ‘age’. This means that there is no column in the table named ‘heartrateheartrateheartrate’, and the query is invalid. A possible cause of this
error is a typo or a copy-paste mistake in the query. To fix this error, the query should use a valid column name that exists in the table, such as ‘heartrate’.
References: AnalysisException

NEW QUESTION 2
A data ingestion task requires a one-TB JSON dataset to be written out to Parquet with a target part-file size of 512 MB. Because Parquet is being used instead of
Delta Lake, built- in file-sizing features such as Auto-Optimize & Auto-Compaction cannot be used.
Which strategy will yield the best performance without shuffling data?

A. Set spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes to 512 MB, ingest the data, execute the narrow transformations, and then write to parquet.
B. Set spark.sql.shuffle.partitions to 2,048 partitions (1TB*1024*1024/512), ingest the data, execute the narrow transformations, optimize the data by sorting it
(which automatically repartitions the data), and then write to parquet.
C. Set spark.sql.adaptive.advisoryPartitionSizeInBytes to 512 MB bytes, ingest the data, execute the narrow transformations, coalesce to 2,048 partitions
(1TB*1024*1024/512), and then write to parquet.
D. Ingest the data, execute the narrow transformations, repartition to 2,048 partitions (1TB* 1024*1024/512), and then write to parquet.
E. Set spark.sql.shuffle.partitions to 512, ingest the data, execute the narrow transformations, and then write to parquet.

Answer: B

Explanation:
The key to efficiently converting a large JSON dataset to Parquet files of a specific size without shuffling data lies in controlling the size of the output files directly.
? Setting spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes to 512 MB configures Spark to process
data in chunks of 512 MB. This setting directly influences the size of the part-files in the output, aligning with the target file size.
? Narrow transformations (which do not involve shuffling data across partitions) can
then be applied to this data.
? Writing the data out to Parquet will result in files that are approximately the size specified by spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes, in this case, 512 MB.
? The other options involve unnecessary shuffles or repartitions (B, C, D) or an incorrect setting for this specific requirement (E).
References:
? Apache Spark Documentation: Configuration - spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes
? Databricks Documentation on Data Sources: Databricks Data Sources Guide

NEW QUESTION 3
A junior data engineer is working to implement logic for a Lakehouse table named silver_device_recordings. The source data contains 100 unique fields in a highly
nested JSON structure.
The silver_device_recordings table will be used downstream to power several production monitoring dashboards and a production model. At present, 45 of the 100
fields are being used in at least one of these applications.
The data engineer is trying to determine the best approach for dealing with schema declaration given the highly-nested structure of the data and the numerous
fields.
Which of the following accurately presents information about Delta Lake and Databricks that may impact their decision-making process?

A. The Tungsten encoding used by Databricks is optimized for storing string data; newly- added native support for querying JSON strings means that string types
are always most efficient.
B. Because Delta Lake uses Parquet for data storage, data types can be easily evolved by just modifying file footer information in place.
C. Human labor in writing code is the largest cost associated with data engineering workloads; as such, automating table declaration logic should be a priority in all
migration workloads.
D. Because Databricks will infer schema using types that allow all observed data to be processed, setting types manually provides greater assurance of data
quality enforcement.
E. Schema inference and evolution on .Databricks ensure that inferred types will always accurately match the data types used by downstream systems.

Answer: D

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it accurately presents information about Delta Lake and Databricks that may impact the decision-making process of a junior
data engineer who is trying to determine the best approach for dealing with schema declaration given the highly-nested structure of the data and the numerous
fields. Delta Lake and Databricks support schema inference and evolution, which means that they can automatically infer the schema of a table from the source
data and allow adding new columns or changing column types without affecting existing queries or pipelines. However, schema inference and evolution may not
always be desirable or reliable, especially when dealing with complex or nested data structures or when enforcing data quality and consistency across different
systems. Therefore, setting types manually can provide greater assurance of data quality enforcement and avoid potential errors or conflicts due to incompatible or
unexpected data types. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Delta Lake” section; Databricks Documentation, under
“Schema inference and partition of streaming DataFrames/Datasets” section.

NEW QUESTION 4
The business intelligence team has a dashboard configured to track various summary metrics for retail stories. This includes total sales for the previous day

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alongside totals and averages for a variety of time periods. The fields required to populate this dashboard have the following schema:
For Demand forecasting, the Lakehouse contains a validated table of all itemized sales updated incrementally in near real-time. This table named
products_per_order, includes the following fields:
Because reporting on long-term sales trends is less volatile, analysts using the new dashboard only require data to be refreshed once daily. Because the
dashboard will be queried interactively by many users throughout a normal business day, it should return results quickly and reduce total compute associated with
each materialization.
Which solution meets the expectations of the end users while controlling and limiting possible costs?

A. Use the Delta Cache to persists the products_per_order table in memory to quickly the dashboard with each query.
B. Populate the dashboard by configuring a nightly batch job to save the required to quickly update the dashboard with each query.
C. Use Structure Streaming to configure a live dashboard against the products_per_order table within a Databricks notebook.
D. Define a view against the products_per_order table and define the dashboard against this view.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Given the requirement for daily refresh of data and the need to ensure quick response times for interactive queries while controlling costs, a nightly batch job to
pre- compute and save the required summary metrics is the most suitable approach.
? By pre-aggregating data during off-peak hours, the dashboard can serve queries quickly without requiring on-the-fly computation, which can be resource-
intensive and slow, especially with many users.
? This approach also limits the cost by avoiding continuous computation throughout the day and instead leverages a batch process that efficiently computes and
stores the necessary data.
? The other options (A, C, D) either do not address the cost and performance requirements effectively or are not suitable for the use case of less frequent data
refresh and high interactivity.
References:
? Databricks Documentation on Batch Processing: Databricks Batch Processing
? Data Lakehouse Patterns: Data Lakehouse Best Practices

NEW QUESTION 5
A data engineer needs to capture pipeline settings from an existing in the workspace, and use them to create and version a JSON file to create a new pipeline.
Which command should the data engineer enter in a web terminal configured with the Databricks CLI?

A. Use the get command to capture the settings for the existing pipeline; remove the pipeline_id and rename the pipeline; use this in a create command
B. Stop the existing pipeline; use the returned settings in a reset command
C. Use the alone command to create a copy of an existing pipeline; use the get JSON command to get the pipeline definition; save this to git
D. Use list pipelines to get the specs for all pipelines; get the pipeline spec from the return results parse and use this to create a pipeline

Answer: A

Explanation:
The Databricks CLI provides a way to automate interactions with Databricks services. When dealing with pipelines, you can use the databricks pipelines get --
pipeline-id command to capture the settings of an existing pipeline in JSON format. This JSON can then be modified by removing the pipeline_id to prevent
conflicts and renaming the pipeline to create a new pipeline. The modified JSON file can then be used with the databricks pipelines create command to create a
new pipeline with those settings. References:
? Databricks Documentation on CLI for Pipelines: Databricks CLI - Pipelines

NEW QUESTION 6
A Delta Lake table in the Lakehouse named customer_parsams is used in churn prediction by the machine learning team. The table contains information about
customers derived from a number of upstream sources. Currently, the data engineering team populates this table nightly by overwriting the table with the current
valid values derived from upstream data sources.
Immediately after each update succeeds, the data engineer team would like to determine the difference between the new version and the previous of the table.
Given the current implementation, which method can be used?

A. Parse the Delta Lake transaction log to identify all newly written data files.
B. Execute DESCRIBE HISTORY customer_churn_params to obtain the full operation metrics for the update, including a log of all records that have been added
or modified.
C. Execute a query to calculate the difference between the new version and the previous version using Delta Lake’s built-in versioning and time travel
functionality.
D. Parse the Spark event logs to identify those rows that were updated, inserted, or deleted.

Answer: C

Explanation:
Delta Lake provides built-in versioning and time travel capabilities, allowing users to query previous snapshots of a table. This feature is particularly useful for
understanding changes between different versions of the table. In this scenario, where the table is overwritten nightly, you can use Delta Lake's time travel feature
to execute a query comparing the latest version of the table (the current state) with its previous version. This approach effectively identifies the differences (such as
new, updated, or deleted records) between the two versions. The other options do not provide a straightforward or efficient way to directly compare different
versions of a Delta Lake table.
References:
? Delta Lake Documentation on Time Travel: Delta Time Travel
? Delta Lake Versioning: Delta Lake Versioning Guide

NEW QUESTION 7
The data engineer team is configuring environment for development testing, and production before beginning migration on a new data pipeline. The team requires
extensive testing on both the code and data resulting from code execution, and the team want to develop and test against similar production data as possible.
A junior data engineer suggests that production data can be mounted to the development testing environments, allowing pre production code to execute against
production data. Because all users have
Admin privileges in the development environment, the junior data engineer has offered to configure permissions and mount this data for the team.
Which statement captures best practices for this situation?

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A. Because access to production data will always be verified using passthrough credentials it is safe to mount data to any Databricks development environment.
B. All developer, testing and production code and data should exist in a single unified workspace; creating separate environments for testing and development
further reduces risks.
C. In environments where interactive code will be executed, production data should only beaccessible with read permissions; creating isolated databases for each
environment further reduces risks.
D. Because delta Lake versions all data and supports time travel, it is not possible for user error or malicious actors to permanently delete production data, as such
it is generally safe to mount production data anywhere.

Answer: C

Explanation:
The best practice in such scenarios is to ensure that production data is handled securely and with proper access controls. By granting only read access to
production data in development and testing environments, it mitigates the risk of unintended data modification. Additionally, maintaining isolated databases for
different environments helps to avoid accidental impacts on production data and systems. References:
? Databricks best practices for securing data:
https://docs.databricks.com/security/index.html

NEW QUESTION 8
A junior data engineer has configured a workload that posts the following JSON to the Databricks REST API endpoint 2.0/jobs/create.

Assuming that all configurations and referenced resources are available, which statement describes the result of executing this workload three times?

A. Three new jobs named "Ingest new data" will be defined in the workspace, and they will each run once daily.
B. The logic defined in the referenced notebook will be executed three times on new clusters with the configurations of the provided cluster ID.
C. Three new jobs named "Ingest new data" will be defined in the workspace, but no jobs will be executed.
D. One new job named "Ingest new data" will be defined in the workspace, but it will not be executed.
E. The logic defined in the referenced notebook will be executed three times on the referenced existing all purpose cluster.

Answer: E

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because the JSON posted to the Databricks REST API endpoint 2.0/jobs/create defines a new job with a name, an existing cluster id,
and a notebook task. However, it does not specify any schedule or trigger for the job execution. Therefore, three new jobs with the same name and configuration
will be created in the workspace, but none of them will be executed until they are manually triggered or scheduled. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data
Engineer Professional], under “Monitoring & Logging” section; [Databricks Documentation], under “Jobs API - Create” section.

NEW QUESTION 9
Which statement describes the correct use of pyspark.sql.functions.broadcast?

A. It marks a column as having low enough cardinality to properly map distinct values to available partitions, allowing a broadcast join.
B. It marks a column as small enough to store in memory on all executors, allowing a broadcast join.
C. It caches a copy of the indicated table on attached storage volumes for all active clusters within a Databricks workspace.
D. It marks a DataFrame as small enough to store in memory on all executors, allowing a broadcast join.
E. It caches a copy of the indicated table on all nodes in the cluster for use in all future queries during the cluster lifetime.

Answer: D

Explanation:
https://spark.apache.org/docs/3.1.3/api/python/reference/api/pyspark.sql.functions.broadca st.html
The broadcast function in PySpark is used in the context of joins. When you mark a DataFrame with broadcast, Spark tries to send this DataFrame to all worker
nodes so that it can be joined with another DataFrame without shuffling the larger DataFrame across the nodes. This is particularly beneficial when the DataFrame
is small enough to fit into the memory of each node. It helps to optimize the join process by reducing the amount of data that needs to be shuffled across the
cluster, which can be a very expensive operation in terms of computation and time.
The pyspark.sql.functions.broadcast function in PySpark is used to hint to Spark that a DataFrame is small enough to be broadcast to all worker nodes in the
cluster. When this hint is applied, Spark can perform a broadcast join, where the smaller DataFrame is sent to each executor only once and joined with the larger
DataFrame on each executor. This can significantly reduce the amount of data shuffled across the network and can improve the performance of the join operation.
In a broadcast join, the entire smaller DataFrame is sent to each executor, not just a specific column or a cached version on attached storage. This function is
particularly useful when one of the DataFrames in a join operation is much smaller than the other, and can fit comfortably in the memory of each executor node.
References:
? Databricks Documentation on Broadcast Joins: Databricks Broadcast Join Guide
? PySpark API Reference: pyspark.sql.functions.broadcast

NEW QUESTION 10
A data engineer is testing a collection of mathematical functions, one of which calculates the area under a curve as described by another function.
Which kind of the test does the above line exemplify?

A. Integration
B. Unit
C. Manual

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D. functional

Answer: B

Explanation:
A unit test is designed to verify the correctness of a small, isolated piece of
code, typically a single function. Testing a mathematical function that calculates the area under a curve is an example of a unit test because it is testing a specific,
individual function to ensure it operates as expected.
References:
? Software Testing Fundamentals: Unit Testing

NEW QUESTION 10
In order to prevent accidental commits to production data, a senior data engineer has instituted a policy that all development work will reference clones of Delta
Lake tables. After testing both deep and shallow clone, development tables are created using shallow clone.
A few weeks after initial table creation, the cloned versions of several tables implemented as Type 1 Slowly Changing Dimension (SCD) stop working. The
transaction logs for the source tables show that vacuum was run the day before.
Why are the cloned tables no longer working?

A. The data files compacted by vacuum are not tracked by the cloned metadata; running refresh on the cloned table will pull in recent changes.
B. Because Type 1 changes overwrite existing records, Delta Lake cannot guarantee data consistency for cloned tables.
C. The metadata created by the clone operation is referencing data files that were purged as invalid by the vacuum command
D. Running vacuum automatically invalidates any shallow clones of a table; deep clone should always be used when a cloned table will be repeatedly queried.

Answer: C

Explanation:
In Delta Lake, a shallow clone creates a new table by copying the metadata of the source table without duplicating the data files. When the vacuum command is
run on the source table, it removes old data files that are no longer needed to maintain the transactional log's integrity, potentially including files referenced by the
shallow clone's metadata. If these files are purged, the shallow cloned tables will reference non-existent data files, causing them to stop working properly. This
highlights the dependency of shallow clones on the source table's data files and the impact of data management operations like vacuum on these
clones.References: Databricks documentation on Delta Lake, particularly the sections on cloning tables (shallow and deep cloning) and data retention with the
vacuum command (https://docs.databricks.com/delta/index.html).

NEW QUESTION 12
The data engineering team is migrating an enterprise system with thousands of tables and views into the Lakehouse. They plan to implement the target
architecture using a series of bronze, silver, and gold tables. Bronze tables will almost exclusively be used by production data engineering workloads, while silver
tables will be used to support both data engineering and machine learning workloads. Gold tables will largely serve business intelligence and reporting purposes.
While personal identifying information (PII) exists in all tiers of data, pseudonymization and anonymization rules are in place for all data at the silver and gold
levels.
The organization is interested in reducing security concerns while maximizing the ability to collaborate across diverse teams.
Which statement exemplifies best practices for implementing this system?

A. Isolating tables in separate databases based on data quality tiers allows for easy permissions management through database ACLs and allows physical
separation ofdefault storage locations for managed tables.
B. Because databases on Databricks are merely a logical construct, choices around database organization do not impact security or discoverability in the
Lakehouse.
C. Storinq all production tables in a single database provides a unified view of all data assets available throughout the Lakehouse, simplifying discoverability by
granting all users view privileges on this database.
D. Working in the default Databricks database provides the greatest security when working with managed tables, as these will be created in the DBFS root.
E. Because all tables must live in the same storage containers used for the database they're created in, organizations should be prepared to create between
dozens and thousands of databases depending on their data isolation requirements.

Answer: A

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it exemplifies best practices for implementing this system. By isolating tables in separate databases based on data quality
tiers, such as bronze, silver, and gold, the data engineering team can achieve several benefits. First, they can easily manage permissions for different users and
groups through database ACLs, which allow granting or revoking access to databases, tables, or views. Second, they can physically separate the default storage
locations for managed tables in each database, which can improve performance and reduce costs. Third, they can provide a clear and consistent naming
convention for the tables in each database, which can improve discoverability and usability. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional],
under “Lakehouse” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Database object privileges” section.

NEW QUESTION 14
What statement is true regarding the retention of job run history?

A. It is retained until you export or delete job run logs

B. It is retained for 30 days, during which time you can deliver job run logs to DBFS or S3
C. t is retained for 60 days, during which you can export notebook run results to HTML
D. It is retained for 60 days, after which logs are archived
E. It is retained for 90 days or until the run-id is re-used through custom run configuration

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION 16
To reduce storage and compute costs, the data engineering team has been tasked with curating a series of aggregate tables leveraged by business intelligence
dashboards, customer-facing applications, production machine learning models, and ad hoc analytical queries.
The data engineering team has been made aware of new requirements from a customer- facing application, which is the only downstream workload they manage
entirely. As a result, an aggregate table used by numerous teams across the organization will need to have a number of fields renamed, and additional fields will
also be added.

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Which of the solutions addresses the situation while minimally interrupting other teams in the organization without increasing the number of tables that need to be
managed?

A. Send all users notice that the schema for the table will be changing; include in the communication the logic necessary to revert the new table schema to match
historic queries.
B. Configure a new table with all the requisite fields and new names and use this as the source for the customer-facing application; create a view that maintains
the original data schema and table name by aliasing select fields from the new table.
C. Create a new table with the required schema and new fields and use Delta Lake's deep clone functionality to sync up changes committed to one table to the
corresponding table.
D. Replace the current table definition with a logical view defined with the query logic currently writing the aggregate table; create a new table to power the
customer-facing application.
E. Add a table comment warning all users that the table schema and field names will be changing on a given date; overwrite the table in place to the specifications
of the customer-facing application.

Answer: B

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it addresses the situation while minimally interrupting other teams in the organization without increasing the number of tables
that need to be managed. The situation is that an aggregate table used by numerous teams across the organization will need to have a number of fields renamed,
and additional fields will also be added, due to new requirements from a customer-facing application. By configuring a new table with all the requisite fields and
new names and using this as the source for the customer-facing application, the data engineering team can meet the new requirements without affecting other
teams that rely on the existing table schema and name. By creating a view that maintains the original data schema and table name by aliasing select fields from
the new table, the data engineering team can also avoid duplicating data or creating additional tables that need to be managed. Verified References: [Databricks
Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Lakehouse” section; Databricks Documentation, under “CREATE VIEW” section.

NEW QUESTION 21
What is a method of installing a Python package scoped at the notebook level to all nodes in the currently active cluster?

A. Use &Pip install in a notebook cell

B. Run source env/bin/activate in a notebook setup script
C. Install libraries from PyPi using the cluster UI
D. Use &sh install in a notebook cell

Answer: C

Explanation:
Installing a Python package scoped at the notebook level to all nodes in the currently active cluster in Databricks can be achieved by using the Libraries tab in the
cluster UI. This interface allows you to install libraries across all nodes in the cluster. While the %pip command in a notebook cell would only affect the driver node,
using the cluster UI ensures that the package is installed on all nodes.
References:
? Databricks Documentation on Libraries: Libraries

NEW QUESTION 26
An upstream system has been configured to pass the date for a given batch of data to the Databricks Jobs API as a parameter. The notebook to be scheduled will
use this parameter to load data with the following code:
df = spark.read.format("parquet").load(f"/mnt/source/(date)")
Which code block should be used to create the date Python variable used in the above code block?

A. date = spark.conf.get("date")
B. input_dict = input() date= input_dict["date"]
C. import sys date = sys.argv[1]
D. date = dbutils.notebooks.getParam("date")
E. dbutils.widgets.text("date", "null") date = dbutils.widgets.get("date")

Answer: E

Explanation:
The code block that should be used to create the date Python variable used in the above code block is:
dbutils.widgets.text(“date”, “null”) date = dbutils.widgets.get(“date”)
This code block uses the dbutils.widgets API to create and get a text widget named “date” that can accept a string value as a parameter1. The default value of the
widget is “null”, which means that if no parameter is passed, the date variable will be “null”. However, if a parameter is passed through the Databricks Jobs API,
the date variable will be assigned the value of the parameter. For example, if the parameter is “2021-11-01”, the date variable will be “2021-11-01”. This way, the
notebook can use the date variable to load data from the specified path.
The other options are not correct, because:
? Option A is incorrect because spark.conf.get(“date”) is not a valid way to get a parameter passed through the Databricks Jobs API. The spark.conf API is used
to get or set Spark configuration properties, not notebook parameters2.
? Option B is incorrect because input() is not a valid way to get a parameter passed through the Databricks Jobs API. The input() function is used to get user input
from the standard input stream, not from the API request3.
? Option C is incorrect because sys.argv1 is not a valid way to get a parameter passed through the Databricks Jobs API. The sys.argv list is used to get the
command-line arguments passed to a Python script, not to a notebook4.
? Option D is incorrect because dbutils.notebooks.getParam(“date”) is not a valid way to get a parameter passed through the Databricks Jobs API. The
dbutils.notebooks API is used to get or set notebook parameters when running a notebook as a job or as a subnotebook, not when passing parameters through the
API5.
References: Widgets, Spark Configuration, input(), sys.argv, Notebooks

NEW QUESTION 28
A data architect has designed a system in which two Structured Streaming jobs will concurrently write to a single bronze Delta table. Each job is subscribing to a
different topic from an Apache Kafka source, but they will write data with the same schema. To keep the directory structure simple, a data engineer has decided to
nest a checkpoint directory to be shared by both streams.
The proposed directory structure is displayed below:

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Which statement describes whether this checkpoint directory structure is valid for the given scenario and why?

A. No; Delta Lake manages streaming checkpoints in the transaction log.

B. Yes; both of the streams can share a single checkpoint directory.
C. No; only one stream can write to a Delta Lake table.
D. Yes; Delta Lake supports infinite concurrent writers.
E. No; each of the streams needs to have its own checkpoint directory.

Answer: E

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because checkpointing is a critical feature of Structured Streaming that provides fault tolerance and recovery in case of failures.
Checkpointing stores the current state and progress of a streaming query in a reliable storage system, such as DBFS or S3. Each streaming query must have its
own checkpoint directory that is unique and exclusive to that query. If two streaming queries share the same checkpoint directory, they will interfere with each other
and cause unexpected errors or data loss. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under
“Structured Streaming” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Checkpointing” section.

NEW QUESTION 33
When scheduling Structured Streaming jobs for production, which configuration automatically recovers from query failures and keeps costs low?

A. Cluster: New Job Cluster; Retries: Unlimited;Maximum Concurrent Runs: Unlimited

B. Cluster: New Job Cluster; Retries: None;Maximum Concurrent Runs: 1
C. Cluster: Existing All-Purpose Cluster; Retries: Unlimited;Maximum Concurrent Runs: 1
D. Cluster: Existing All-Purpose Cluster; Retries: Unlimited;Maximum Concurrent Runs: 1
E. Cluster: Existing All-Purpose Cluster; Retries: None;Maximum Concurrent Runs: 1

Answer: D

Explanation:
The configuration that automatically recovers from query failures and keeps costs low is to use a new job cluster, set retries to unlimited, and set maximum
concurrent runs to 1. This configuration has the following advantages:
? A new job cluster is a cluster that is created and terminated for each job run. This means that the cluster resources are only used when the job is running, and no
idle costs are incurred. This also ensures that the cluster is always in a clean state and has the latest configuration and libraries for the job1.
? Setting retries to unlimited means that the job will automatically restart the query in case of any failure, such as network issues, node failures, or transient errors.
This improves the reliability and availability of the streaming job, and avoids data loss or inconsistency2.
? Setting maximum concurrent runs to 1 means that only one instance of the job can run at a time. This prevents multiple queries from competing for the same
resources or writing to the same output location, which can cause performance degradation or data corruption3.
Therefore, this configuration is the best practice for scheduling Structured Streaming jobs for production, as it ensures that the job is resilient, efficient, and
consistent.
References: Job clusters, Job retries, Maximum concurrent runs

NEW QUESTION 35
A table named user_ltv is being used to create a view that will be used by data analysis on various teams. Users in the workspace are configured into groups,
which are used for setting up data access using ACLs.
The user_ltv table has the following schema:

An analyze who is not a member of the auditing group executing the following query:

Which result will be returned by this query?

A. All columns will be displayed normally for those records that have an age greater than 18; records not meeting this condition will be omitted.
B. All columns will be displayed normally for those records that have an age greater than 17; records not meeting this condition will be omitted.
C. All age values less than 18 will be returned as null values all other columns will be returned with the values in user_ltv.
D. All records from all columns will be displayed with the values in user_ltv.

Answer: A

Explanation:
Given the CASE statement in the view definition, the result set for a user not in the auditing group would be constrained by the ELSE condition, which filters out
records based on age. Therefore, the view will return all columns normally for records with an age greater than 18, as users who are not in the auditing group will
not satisfy the is_member('auditing') condition. Records not meeting the age > 18 condition will not be displayed.

NEW QUESTION 38
Which statement regarding stream-static joins and static Delta tables is correct?

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A. Each microbatch of a stream-static join will use the most recent version of the static Delta table as of each microbatch.
B. Each microbatch of a stream-static join will use the most recent version of the static Delta table as of the job's initialization.
C. The checkpoint directory will be used to track state information for the unique keys present in the join.
D. Stream-static joins cannot use static Delta tables because of consistency issues.
E. The checkpoint directory will be used to track updates to the static Delta table.

Answer: A

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because stream-static joins are supported by Structured Streaming when one of the tables is a static Delta table. A static Delta table is
a Delta table that is not updated by any concurrent writes, such as appends or merges, during the execution of a streaming query. In this case, each microbatch of
a stream-static join will use the most recent version of the static Delta table as of each microbatch, which means it will reflect any changes made to the static Delta
table before the start of each microbatch. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Structured Streaming” section;
Databricks Documentation, under “Stream and static joins” section.

NEW QUESTION 39
A production workload incrementally applies updates from an external Change Data Capture feed to a Delta Lake table as an always-on Structured Stream job.
When data was initially migrated for this table, OPTIMIZE was executed and most data files were resized to 1 GB. Auto Optimize and Auto Compaction were both
turned on for the streaming production job. Recent review of data files shows that most data files are under 64 MB, although each partition in the table contains at
least 1 GB of data and the total table size is over 10 TB.
Which of the following likely explains these smaller file sizes?

A. Databricks has autotuned to a smaller target file size to reduce duration of MERGE operations
B. Z-order indices calculated on the table are preventing file compactionC Bloom filler indices calculated on the table are preventing file compaction
C. Databricks has autotuned to a smaller target file size based on the overall size of data in the table
D. Databricks has autotuned to a smaller target file size based on the amount of data in each partition

Answer: A

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because Databricks has a feature called Auto Optimize, which automatically optimizes the layout of Delta Lake tables by coalescing
small files into larger ones and sorting data within each file by a specified column. However, Auto Optimize also considers the trade-off between file size and
merge performance, and may choose a smaller target file size to reduce the duration of merge operations, especially for streaming workloads that frequently
update existing records. Therefore, it is possible that Auto Optimize has autotuned to a smaller target file size based on the characteristics of the streaming
production job. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Delta Lake” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Auto
Optimize” section. https://docs.databricks.com/en/delta/tune-file-size.html#autotune-table 'Autotune file size based on workload'

NEW QUESTION 44
The data engineering team maintains a table of aggregate statistics through batch nightly updates. This includes total sales for the previous day alongside totals
and averages for a variety of time periods including the 7 previous days, year-to-date, and quarter-to-date. This table is named store_saies_summary and the
schema is as follows:
The table daily_store_sales contains all the information needed to update store_sales_summary. The schema for this table is: store_id INT, sales_date DATE,
total_sales FLOAT If daily_store_sales is implemented as a Type 1 table and the total_sales column might be adjusted after manual data auditing, which approach
is the safest to generate accurate reports in the store_sales_summary table?

A. Implement the appropriate aggregate logic as a batch read against the daily_store_salestable and overwrite the store_sales_summary table with each Update.
B. Implement the appropriate aggregate logic as a batch read against the daily_store_sales table and append new rows nightly to the store_sales_summary table.
C. Implement the appropriate aggregate logic as a batch read against the daily_store_sales table and use upsert logic to update results in the
store_sales_summary table.
D. Implement the appropriate aggregate logic as a Structured Streaming read against the daily_store_sales table and use upsert logic to update results in the
store_sales_summary table.
E. Use Structured Streaming to subscribe to the change data feed for daily_store_sales and apply changes to the aggregates in the store_sales_summary table
with each update.

Answer: E

Explanation:
The daily_store_sales table contains all the information needed to update store_sales_summary. The schema of the table is:
store_id INT, sales_date DATE, total_sales FLOAT
The daily_store_sales table is implemented as a Type 1 table, which means that old values are overwritten by new values and no history is maintained. The
total_sales column might be adjusted after manual data auditing, which means that the data in the table may change over time.
The safest approach to generate accurate reports in the store_sales_summary table is to use Structured Streaming to subscribe to the change data feed for
daily_store_sales and apply changes to the aggregates in the store_sales_summary table with each update. Structured Streaming is a scalable and fault-tolerant
stream processing engine built on Spark SQL. Structured Streaming allows processing data streams as if they were tables or DataFrames, using familiar
operations such as select, filter, groupBy, or join. Structured Streaming also supports output modes that specify how to write the results of a streaming query to a
sink, such as append, update, or complete. Structured Streaming can handle both streaming and batch data sources in a unified manner.
The change data feed is a feature of Delta Lake that provides structured streaming sources that can subscribe to changes made to a Delta Lake table. The change
data feed captures both data changes and schema changes as ordered events that can be processed by downstream applications or services. The change data
feed can be configured with different options, such as starting from a specific version or timestamp, filtering by operation type or partition values, or excluding no-
op changes.
By using Structured Streaming to subscribe to the change data feed for daily_store_sales, one can capture and process any changes made to the total_sales
column due to manual data auditing. By applying these changes to the aggregates in the store_sales_summary table with each update, one can ensure that the
reports are always consistent and accurate with the latest data. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Spark Core”
section; Databricks Documentation, under “Structured Streaming” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Delta Change Data Feed” section.

NEW QUESTION 47
The data engineering team maintains the following code:

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Assuming that this code produces logically correct results and the data in the source table has been de-duplicated and validated, which statement describes what
will occur when this code is executed?

A. The silver_customer_sales table will be overwritten by aggregated values calculated from all records in the gold_customer_lifetime_sales_summary table as a
batch job.
B. A batch job will update the gold_customer_lifetime_sales_summary table, replacing only those rows that have different values than the current version of the
table, using customer_id as the primary key.
C. The gold_customer_lifetime_sales_summary table will be overwritten by aggregated values calculated from all records in the silver_customer_sales table as a
batch job.
D. An incremental job will leverage running information in the state store to update aggregate values in the gold_customer_lifetime_sales_summary table.
E. An incremental job will detect if new rows have been written to the silver_customer_sales table; if new rows are detected, all aggregates will be recalculated and
used to overwrite the gold_customer_lifetime_sales_summary table.

Answer: C

Explanation:
This code is using the pyspark.sql.functions library to group the silver_customer_sales table by customer_id and then aggregate the data using the minimum sale
date, maximum sale total, and sum of distinct order ids. The resulting aggregated data is then written to the gold_customer_lifetime_sales_summary table,
overwriting any existing data in that table. This is a batch job that does not use any incremental or streaming logic, and does not perform any merge or update
operations. Therefore, the code will overwrite the gold table with the aggregated values from the silver table every time it is executed. References:
? https://docs.databricks.com/spark/latest/dataframes-datasets/introduction-to-dataframes-python.html
? https://docs.databricks.com/spark/latest/dataframes-datasets/transforming-data- with-dataframes.html
? https://docs.databricks.com/spark/latest/dataframes-datasets/aggregating-data- with-dataframes.html

NEW QUESTION 51
A data engineer wants to join a stream of advertisement impressions (when an ad was shown) with another stream of user clicks on advertisements to correlate
when impression led to monitizable clicks.

Which solution would improve the performance?

A)

B)

C)

D)

A. Option A
B. Option B
C. Option C
D. Option D

Answer: A

Explanation:
When joining a stream of advertisement impressions with a stream of user clicks, you want to minimize the state that you need to maintain for the join. Option A
suggests using a left outer join with the condition that clickTime == impressionTime, which is suitable for correlating events that occur at the exact same time.
However, in a real-world scenario, you would likely need some leeway to account for the delay between an impression and a possible click. It's important to design
the join condition and the window of time considered to optimize performance while still capturing the relevant user interactions. In this case, having the watermark
can help with state management and avoid state growing unbounded by discarding old state data that's unlikely to match with new data.

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NEW QUESTION 54
A DLT pipeline includes the following streaming tables:
Raw_lot ingest raw device measurement data from a heart rate tracking device. Bgm_stats incrementally computes user statistics based on BPM measurements
from raw_lot.
How can the data engineer configure this pipeline to be able to retain manually deleted or updated records in the raw_iot table while recomputing the downstream
table when a pipeline update is run?

A. Set the skipChangeCommits flag to true on bpm_stats

B. Set the SkipChangeCommits flag to true raw_lot
C. Set the pipelines, reset, allowed property to false on bpm_stats
D. Set the pipelines, reset, allowed property to false on raw_iot

Answer: D

Explanation:
In Databricks Lakehouse, to retain manually deleted or updated records in the raw_iot table while recomputing downstream tables when a pipeline update is run,
the property pipelines.reset.allowed should be set to false. This property prevents the system from resetting the state of the table, which includes the removal of
the history of changes, during a pipeline update. By keeping this property as false, any changes to the raw_iot table, including manual deletes or updates, are
retained, and recomputation of downstream tables, such as bpm_stats, can occur with the full history of data changes intact. References:
? Databricks documentation on DLT pipelines: https://docs.databricks.com/data-
engineering/delta-live-tables/delta-live-tables-overview.html

NEW QUESTION 55
The DevOps team has configured a production workload as a collection of notebooks scheduled to run daily using the Jobs Ul. A new data engineering hire is
onboarding to the team and has requested access to one of these notebooks to review the production logic.
What are the maximum notebook permissions that can be granted to the user without allowing accidental changes to production code or data?

A. Can manage
B. Can edit
C. Can run
D. Can Read

Answer: D

Explanation:
Granting a user 'Can Read' permissions on a notebook within Databricks allows them to view the notebook's content without the ability to execute or edit it. This
level of permission ensures that the new team member can review the production logic for learning or auditing purposes without the risk of altering the notebook's
code or affecting production data and workflows. This approach aligns with best practices for maintaining security and integrity in production environments, where
strict access controls are essential to prevent unintended modifications.References: Databricks documentation on access control and permissions for notebooks
within the workspace (https://docs.databricks.com/security/access-control/workspace-acl.html).

NEW QUESTION 59
Which statement regarding spark configuration on the Databricks platform is true?

A. Spark configuration properties set for an interactive cluster with the Clusters UI will impact all notebooks attached to that cluster.
B. When the same spar configuration property is set for an interactive to the same interactive cluster.
C. Spark configuration set within an notebook will affect all SparkSession attached to the same interactive cluster
D. The Databricks REST API can be used to modify the Spark configuration properties for an interactive cluster without interrupting jobs.

Answer: A

Explanation:
When Spark configuration properties are set for an interactive cluster using the Clusters UI in Databricks, those configurations are applied at the cluster level. This
means that all notebooks attached to that cluster will inherit and be affected by these configurations. This approach ensures consistency across all executions
within that cluster, as the Spark configuration properties dictate aspects such as memory allocation, number of executors, and other vital execution parameters.
This centralized configuration management helps maintain standardized execution environments across different notebooks, aiding in debugging and performance
optimization.
References:
? Databricks documentation on configuring clusters: https://docs.databricks.com/clusters/configure.html

NEW QUESTION 60
A member of the data engineering team has submitted a short notebook that they wish to schedule as part of a larger data pipeline. Assume that the commands
provided below produce the logically correct results when run as presented.

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Which command should be removed from the notebook before scheduling it as a job?

A. Cmd 2
B. Cmd 3
C. Cmd 4
D. Cmd 5
E. Cmd 6

Answer: E

Explanation:
Cmd 6 is the command that should be removed from the notebook before scheduling it as a job. This command is selecting all the columns from the finalDF
dataframe and displaying them in the notebook. This is not necessary for the job, as the finalDF dataframe is already written to a table in Cmd 7. Displaying the
dataframe in the notebook will only consume resources and time, and it will not affect the output of the job. Therefore, Cmd 6 is redundant and should be removed.
The other commands are essential for the job, as they perform the following tasks:
? Cmd 1: Reads the raw_data table into a Spark dataframe called rawDF.
? Cmd 2: Prints the schema of the rawDF dataframe, which is useful for debugging and understanding the data structure.
? Cmd 3: Selects all the columns from the rawDF dataframe, as well as the nested columns from the values struct column, and creates a new dataframe called
flattenedDF.
? Cmd 4: Drops the values column from the flattenedDF dataframe, as it is no longer needed after flattening, and creates a new dataframe called finalDF.
? Cmd 5: Explains the physical plan of the finalDF dataframe, which is useful for optimizing and tuning the performance of the job.
? Cmd 7: Writes the finalDF dataframe to a table called flat_data, using the append mode to add new data to the existing table.

NEW QUESTION 61
What is the first of a Databricks Python notebook when viewed in a text editor?

A. %python
B. % Databricks notebook source
C. -- Databricks notebook source
D. //Databricks notebook source

Answer: B

Explanation:
When viewing a Databricks Python notebook in a text editor, the first line indicates the format and source type of the notebook. The correct option is % Databricks
notebook source, which is a magic command that specifies the start of a Databricks notebook source file.

NEW QUESTION 63
An upstream system is emitting change data capture (CDC) logs that are being written to a cloud object storage directory. Each record in the log indicates the
change type (insert, update, or delete) and the values for each field after the change. The source table has a primary key identified by the field pk_id.
For auditing purposes, the data governance team wishes to maintain a full record of all values that have ever been valid in the source system. For analytical
purposes, only the most recent value for each record needs to be recorded. The Databricks job to ingest these records occurs once per hour, but each individual
record may have changed multiple times over the course of an hour.
Which solution meets these requirements?

A. Create a separate history table for each pk_id resolve the current state of the table by running a union all filtering the history tables for the most recent state.
B. Use merge into to insert, update, or delete the most recent entry for each pk_id into abronze table, then propagate all changes throughout the system.
C. Iterate through an ordered set of changes to the table, applying each in turn; rely on Delta Lake's versioning ability to create an audit log.
D. Use Delta Lake's change data feed to automatically process CDC data from an external system, propagating all changes to all dependent tables in the
Lakehouse.
E. Ingest all log information into a bronze table; use merge into to insert, update, or delete the most recent entry for each pk_id into a silver table to recreate the
current table state.

Answer: B

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it meets the requirements of maintaining a full record of all values that have ever been valid in the source system and

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recreating the current table state with only the most recent value for each record. The code ingests all log information into a bronze table, which preserves the raw
CDC data as it is. Then, it uses merge into to perform an upsert operation on a silver table, which means it will insert new records or update or delete existing
records based on the change type and the pk_id columns. This way, the silver table will always reflect the current state of the source table, while the bronze table
will keep the history of all changes. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Delta Lake” section; Databricks Documentation,
under “Upsert into a table using merge” section.

NEW QUESTION 68
The following code has been migrated to a Databricks notebook from a legacy workload:

The code executes successfully and provides the logically correct results, however, it takes over 20 minutes to extract and load around 1 GB of data.
Which statement is a possible explanation for this behavior?

A. %sh triggers a cluster restart to collect and install Gi

B. Most of the latency is related to cluster startup time.
C. Instead of cloning, the code should use %sh pip install so that the Python code can get executed in parallel across all nodes in a cluster.
D. %sh does not distribute file moving operations; the final line of code should be updated to use %fs instead.
E. Python will always execute slower than Scala on Databrick
F. The run.py script should be refactored to Scala.
G. %sh executes shell code on the driver nod
H. The code does not take advantage of the worker nodes or Databricks optimized Spark.

Answer: E

Explanation:
https://www.databricks.com/blog/2020/08/31/introducing-the-databricks-web- terminal.html
The code is using %sh to execute shell code on the driver node. This means that the code is not taking advantage of the worker nodes or Databricks optimized
Spark. This is why the code is taking longer to execute. A better approach would be to use Databricks libraries and APIs to read and write data from Git and DBFS,
and to leverage the parallelism and performance of Spark. For example, you can use the Databricks Connect feature to run your Python code on a remote
Databricks cluster, or you can use the Spark Git Connector to read data from Git repositories as Spark DataFrames.

NEW QUESTION 71
A production cluster has 3 executor nodes and uses the same virtual machine type for the driver and executor.
When evaluating the Ganglia Metrics for this cluster, which indicator would signal a bottleneck caused by code executing on the driver?

A. The five Minute Load Average remains consistent/flat

B. Bytes Received never exceeds 80 million bytes per second
C. Total Disk Space remains constant
D. Network I/O never spikes
E. Overall cluster CPU utilization is around 25%

Answer: E

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it indicates a bottleneck caused by code executing on the driver. A bottleneck is a situation where the performance or capacity
of a system is limited by a single component or resource. A bottleneck can cause slow execution, high latency, or low throughput. A production cluster has 3
executor nodes and uses the same virtual machine type for the driver and executor. When evaluating the Ganglia Metrics for this cluster, one can look for
indicators that show how the cluster resources are being utilized, such as CPU, memory, disk, or network. If the overall cluster CPU utilization is around 25%, it
means that only one out of the four nodes (driver + 3 executors) is using its full CPU capacity, while the other three nodes are idle or underutilized. This suggests
that the code executing on the driver is taking too long or consuming too much CPU resources, preventing the executors from receiving tasks or data to process.
This can happen when the code has driver-side operations that are not parallelized or distributed, such as collecting large amounts of data to the driver, performing
complex calculations on the driver, or using non-Spark libraries on the driver. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Spark
Core” section; Databricks Documentation, under “View cluster status and event logs - Ganglia metrics” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Avoid
collecting large RDDs” section.
In a Spark cluster, the driver node is responsible for managing the execution of the Spark application, including scheduling tasks, managing the execution plan,
and interacting with the cluster manager. If the overall cluster CPU utilization is low (e.g., around 25%), it may indicate that the driver node is not utilizing the
available resources effectively and might be a bottleneck.

NEW QUESTION 75
The DevOps team has configured a production workload as a collection of notebooks scheduled to run daily using the Jobs UI. A new data engineering hire is
onboarding to the team and has requested access to one of these notebooks to review the production logic.
What are the maximum notebook permissions that can be granted to the user without allowing accidental changes to production code or data?

A. Can Manage
B. Can Edit
C. No permissions
D. Can Read
E. Can Run

Answer: C

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it is the maximum notebook permissions that can be granted to the user without allowing accidental changes to production
code or data. Notebook permissions are used to control access to notebooks in Databricks workspaces. There are four types of notebook permissions: Can

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Manage, Can Edit, Can Run, and Can Read. Can Manage allows full control over the notebook, including editing, running, deleting, exporting, and changing
permissions. Can Edit allows modifying and running the notebook, but not changing permissions or deleting it. Can Run allows executing commands in an existing
cluster attached to the notebook, but not modifying or exporting it. Can Read allows viewing the notebook content, but not running or modifying it. In this case,
granting Can Read permission to the user will allow them to review the
production logic in the notebook without allowing them to make any changes to it or run any commands that may affect production data. Verified References:
[Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Databricks Workspace” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Notebook permissions” section.

NEW QUESTION 80
The data governance team is reviewing code used for deleting records for compliance with GDPR. They note the following logic is used to delete records from the
Delta Lake table named users.

Assuming that user_id is a unique identifying key and that delete_requests contains all users that have requested deletion, which statement describes whether
successfully executing the above logic guarantees that the records to be deleted are no longer accessible and why?

A. Yes; Delta Lake ACID guarantees provide assurance that the delete command succeeded fully and permanently purged these records.
B. No; the Delta cache may return records from previous versions of the table until the cluster is restarted.
C. Yes; the Delta cache immediately updates to reflect the latest data files recorded to disk.
D. No; the Delta Lake delete command only provides ACID guarantees when combined with the merge into command.
E. No; files containing deleted records may still be accessible with time travel until a vacuum command is used to remove invalidated data files.

Answer: E

Explanation:
The code uses the DELETE FROM command to delete records from the users table that match a condition based on a join with another table called
delete_requests, which contains all users that have requested deletion. The DELETE FROM command deletes records from a Delta Lake table by creating a new
version of the table that does not contain the deleted records. However, this does not guarantee that the records to be deleted are no longer accessible, because
Delta Lake supports time travel, which allows querying previous versions of the table using a timestamp or version number. Therefore, files containing deleted
records may still be accessible with time travel until a vacuum command is used to remove invalidated data files from physical storage. Verified References:
[Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Delta Lake” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Delete from a table” section; Databricks
Documentation, under “Remove files no longer referenced by a Delta table” section.

NEW QUESTION 81
A Delta table of weather records is partitioned by date and has the below schema: date DATE, device_id INT, temp FLOAT, latitude FLOAT, longitude FLOAT
To find all the records from within the Arctic Circle, you execute a query with the below filter:
latitude > 66.3
Which statement describes how the Delta engine identifies which files to load?

A. All records are cached to an operational database and then the filter is applied
B. The Parquet file footers are scanned for min and max statistics for the latitude column
C. All records are cached to attached storage and then the filter is applied
D. The Delta log is scanned for min and max statistics for the latitude column
E. The Hive metastore is scanned for min and max statistics for the latitude column

Answer: D

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because Delta Lake uses a transaction log to store metadata about each table, including min and max statistics for each column in each
data file. The Delta engine can use this information to quickly identify which files to load based on a filter condition, without scanning the entire table or the file
footers. This is called data skipping and it can improve query performance significantly. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional],
under “Delta Lake” section; [Databricks Documentation], under “Optimizations - Data Skipping” section.
In the Transaction log, Delta Lake captures statistics for each data file of the table. These statistics indicate per file:
- Total number of records
- Minimum value in each column of the first 32 columns of the table
- Maximum value in each column of the first 32 columns of the table
- Null value counts for in each column of the first 32 columns of the table
When a query with a selective filter is executed against the table, the query optimizer uses these statistics to generate the query result. it leverages them to identify
data files that may contain records matching the conditional filter.
For the SELECT query in the question, The transaction log is scanned for min and max statistics for the price column

NEW QUESTION 83
A data engineer is performing a join operating to combine values from a static userlookup table with a streaming DataFrame streamingDF.
Which code block attempts to perform an invalid stream-static join?

A. userLookup.join(streamingDF, ["userid"], how="inner")

B. streamingDF.join(userLookup, ["user_id"], how="outer")
C. streamingDF.join(userLookup, ["user_id”], how="left")
D. streamingDF.join(userLookup, ["userid"], how="inner")
E. userLookup.join(streamingDF, ["user_id"], how="right")

Answer: E

Explanation:
In Spark Structured Streaming, certain types of joins between a static DataFrame and a streaming DataFrame are not supported. Specifically, a right outer join
where the static DataFrame is on the left side and the streaming DataFrame is on the right side is not valid. This is because Spark Structured Streaming cannot

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handle scenarios where it has to wait for new rows to arrive in the streaming DataFrame to match rows in the static DataFrame. The other join types listed (inner,
left, and full outer joins) are supported in streaming-static DataFrame joins.
References:
? Structured Streaming Programming Guide: Join Operations
? Databricks Documentation on Stream-Static Joins: Databricks Stream-Static Joins

NEW QUESTION 84
The view updates represents an incremental batch of all newly ingested data to be inserted or updated in the customers table.
The following logic is used to process these records.
Which statement describes this implementation?

A. The customers table is implemented as a Type 3 table; old values are maintained as a new column alongside the current value.
B. The customers table is implemented as a Type 2 table; old values are maintained but marked as no longer current and new values are inserted.
C. The customers table is implemented as a Type 0 table; all writes are append only with no changes to existing values.
D. The customers table is implemented as a Type 1 table; old values are overwritten by new values and no history is maintained.
E. The customers table is implemented as a Type 2 table; old values are overwritten and new customers are appended.

Answer: A

Explanation:
The logic uses the MERGE INTO command to merge new records from the view updates into the table customers. The MERGE INTO command takes two
arguments: a target table and a source table or view. The command also specifies a condition to match records between the target and the source, and a set of
actions to perform when there is a match or not. In this case, the condition is to match records by customer_id, which is the primary key of the customers table.
The actions are to update the existing record in the target with the new values from the source, and set the current_flag to false to indicate that the record is no
longer current; and to insert a new record in the target with the new values from the source, and set the current_flag to true to indicate that the record is current.
This means that old values are maintained but marked as no longer current and new values are inserted, which is the definition of a Type 2 table. Verified
References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Delta Lake” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Merge Into (Delta Lake on
Databricks)” section.

NEW QUESTION 85
Which configuration parameter directly affects the size of a spark-partition upon ingestion of data into Spark?

A. spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes
B. spark.sql.autoBroadcastJoinThreshold
C. spark.sql.files.openCostInBytes
D. spark.sql.adaptive.coalescePartitions.minPartitionNum
E. spark.sql.adaptive.advisoryPartitionSizeInBytes

Answer: A

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes is a configuration parameter that directly affects the size of a spark-partition upon ingestion of
data into Spark. This parameter configures the maximum number of bytes to pack into a single partition when reading files from file-based sources such as
Parquet, JSON and ORC. The default value is 128 MB, which means each partition will be roughly 128 MB in size, unless there are too many small files or only
one large file. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Spark Configuration”
section; Databricks Documentation, under “Available Properties - spark.sql.files.maxPartitionBytes” section.

NEW QUESTION 87
Which statement describes Delta Lake optimized writes?

A. A shuffle occurs prior to writing to try to group data together resulting in fewer files instead of each executor writing multiple files based on directory partitions.
B. Optimized writes logical partitions instead of directory partitions partition boundaries are only represented in metadata fewer small files are written.
C. An asynchronous job runs after the write completes to detect if files could be further compacted; yes, an OPTIMIZE job is executed toward a default of 1 GB.
D. Before a job cluster terminates, OPTIMIZE is executed on all tables modified during the most recent job.

Answer: A

Explanation:
Delta Lake optimized writes involve a shuffle operation before writing out data to the Delta table. The shuffle operation groups data by partition keys, which can
lead to a reduction in the number of output files and potentially larger files, instead of multiple smaller files. This approach can significantly reduce the total number
of files in the table, improve read performance by reducing the metadata overhead, and optimize the table storage layout, especially for workloads with many small
files.
References:
? Databricks documentation on Delta Lake performance tuning: https://docs.databricks.com/delta/optimizations/auto-optimize.html

NEW QUESTION 90
A data architect has heard about lake's built-in versioning and time travel capabilities. For auditing purposes they have a requirement to maintain a full of all valid
street addresses as they appear in the customers table.
The architect is interested in implementing a Type 1 table, overwriting existing records with new values and relying on Delta Lake time travel to support long-term
auditing. A data engineer on the project feels that a Type 2 table will provide better performance and scalability.
Which piece of information is critical to this decision?

A. Delta Lake time travel does not scale well in cost or latency to provide a long-term versioning solution.
B. Delta Lake time travel cannot be used to query previous versions of these tables because Type 1 changes modify data files in place.
C. Shallow clones can be combined with Type 1 tables to accelerate historic queries for long-term versioning.
D. Data corruption can occur if a query fails in a partially completed state because Type 2 tables requiresSetting multiple fields in a single update.

Answer: A

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Explanation:
Delta Lake's time travel feature allows users to access previous versions of a table, providing a powerful tool for auditing and versioning. However, using time
travel as a long-term versioning solution for auditing purposes can be less optimal in terms of cost and performance, especially as the volume of data and the
number of versions grow. For maintaining a full history of valid street addresses as they appear in a customers table, using a Type 2 table (where each update
creates a new record with versioning) might provide better scalability and performance by avoiding the overhead associated with accessing older versions of a
large table. While Type 1 tables, where existing records are overwritten with new values, seem simpler and can leverage time travel for auditing, the critical piece
of information is that time travel might not scale well in cost or latency for long- term versioning needs, making a Type 2 approach more viable for performance and
scalability.References:
? Databricks Documentation on Delta Lake's Time Travel: Delta Lake Time Travel
? Databricks Blog on Managing Slowly Changing Dimensions in Delta Lake: Managing SCDs in Delta Lake

NEW QUESTION 94
Where in the Spark UI can one diagnose a performance problem induced by not leveraging predicate push-down?

A. In the Executor's log file, by gripping for "predicate push-down"

B. In the Stage's Detail screen, in the Completed Stages table, by noting the size of data read from the Input column
C. In the Storage Detail screen, by noting which RDDs are not stored on disk
D. In the Delta Lake transaction lo
E. by noting the column statistics
F. In the Query Detail screen, by interpreting the Physical Plan

Answer: E

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it is where in the Spark UI one can diagnose a performance problem induced by not leveraging predicate push-down.
Predicate push-down is an optimization technique that allows filtering data at the source before loading it into memory or processing it further. This can improve
performance and reduce I/O costs by avoiding reading unnecessary data. To leverage predicate push-down, one should use supported data sources and formats,
such as Delta Lake, Parquet, or JDBC, and use filter expressions that can be pushed down to the source. To diagnose a performance problem induced by not
leveraging predicate push-down, one can use the Spark UI to access the Query Detail screen, which shows information about a SQL query executed on a Spark
cluster. The Query Detail screen includes the Physical Plan, which is the actual plan executed by Spark to perform the query. The Physical Plan shows the
physical operators used by Spark, such as Scan, Filter, Project, or Aggregate, and their input and output statistics, such as rows and bytes. By interpreting the
Physical Plan, one can see if the filter expressions are pushed down to the source or not, and how much data is read or processed by each operator. Verified
References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Spark Core” section; Databricks Documentation, under “Predicate pushdown” section;
Databricks Documentation, under “Query detail page” section.

NEW QUESTION 98
Which statement describes Delta Lake Auto Compaction?

A. An asynchronous job runs after the write completes to detect if files could be further compacted; if yes, an optimize job is executed toward a default of 1 GB.
B. Before a Jobs cluster terminates, optimize is executed on all tables modified during the most recent job.
C. Optimized writes use logical partitions instead of directory partitions; because partition boundaries are only represented in metadata, fewer small files are
written.
D. Data is queued in a messaging bus instead of committing data directly to memory; all data is committed from the messaging bus in one batch once the job is
complete.
E. An asynchronous job runs after the write completes to detect if files could be further compacted; if yes, an optimize job is executed toward a default of 128 MB.

Answer: E

Explanation:
This is the correct answer because it describes the behavior of Delta Lake Auto Compaction, which is a feature that automatically optimizes the layout of Delta
Lake tables by coalescing small files into larger ones. Auto Compaction runs as an asynchronous job after a write to a table has succeeded and checks if files
within a partition can be further compacted. If yes, it runs an optimize job with a default target file size of 128 MB. Auto Compaction only compacts files that have
not been compacted previously. Verified References: [Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional], under “Delta Lake” section; Databricks Documentation,
under “Auto Compaction for Delta Lake on Databricks” section.
"Auto compaction occurs after a write to a table has succeeded and runs synchronously on the cluster that has performed the write. Auto compaction only
compacts files that haven’t been compacted previously."
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/databricks/delta/tune-file-size

NEW QUESTION 101

......

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