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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 1

I B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, January-2024

ENGINEERING PHYSICS
(Common to CE, ME, ECE, IT, AME, Mining, Robotics, Agri E, ECE-Allied, CSE-Allied)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. All the questions in Part-A is Compulsory
3. Answer ONE Question from Each Unit in Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A (20 Marks)
1. a) What is the significance of the intensity distribution in the interference pattern [2M]
produced by the superposition of waves?
b) Define diffraction grating. [2M]
c) How are X-rays diffracted? [2M]
d) What is a unit cell in crystallography? [2M]
e) Write down the important applications of dielectric materials. [2M]
f) What is Bohr magneton? Write down its significance. [2M]
g) How can you say that matter waves are not electromagnetic waves? [2M]
h) Explain Fermi Dirac distribution function. [2M]
i) What does forbidden energy gap represents? [2M]
j) How mobility of the charge carrier can be measured from Hall coefficient? [2M]
Explain.
PART – B (50 MARKS)
UNIT-I
2. a) Explain how Newton’s rings are formed in reflected light. Derive expressions [7M]
for diameters of dark and bright rings.
b) A parallel beam of light of wavelength 6000AU is incident on a thin glass plate [3M]
of refractive index 1.5 such that the angle of refraction into the plate is 50o. Find
the least thickness of the glass plate which will appear dark by reflection.
(OR)
3 a) Explain resolving power and dispersive power of grating. [6M]
b) How do you distinguish between a quarter wave and half wave plate? Explain. [4M]
UNIT-II
4. a) Classify various lattice types in the cubic crystal system and specify the [6M]
effective number of lattice points per unit cell in each type.
b) Define packing fraction and coordination number. Obtain the expression for [4M]
packing fraction of SC crystal.
(OR)
5. a) State and explain Bragg’s law. Calculate the maximum order of diffraction if X- [5M]
rays of wavelength 0.819Å is incident on a crystal of lattice spacing 0.282 nm.
b) Describe the Laue method for determination of crystal structure. [5M]
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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 1

UNIT-III
6. a) What is an Ionic polarization? Obtain an expression for Ionic polarizability. [5M]
b) Obtain Clausius-Mossotti equation. [5M]
(OR)
7. a) Explain the B-H curve of Ferromagnetic material based on domain theory. [6M]
b) Distinguish between Hard and Soft magnetic materials. [4M]
UNIT-IV
8. a) Obtain an expression for Schrodinger’s time independent wave equation. [6M]
b) State and explain Heisenberg’s uncertainty Principle. [4M]
(OR)
9. a) Explain Fermi-Dirac distribution function. Explain how it varies with [6M]
temperature with the help of plots.
b) What are the postulates of quantum free electron theory? Explain. [4M]
UNIT-V
10. Obtain the expression for carrier concentration in an intrinsic semiconductor. [10M]
(OR)
11. What is the band theory of solids? Classify conductors, insulators and [10M]
semiconductors on the basis of band theory of solids.

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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 2

I B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, January-2024

ENGINEERING PHYSICS
(Common to CE, ME, ECE, IT, AME, Mining, Robotics, Agri E, ECE-Allied, CSE-Allied)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. All the questions in Part-A is Compulsory
3. Answer ONE Question from Each Unit in Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A (20 Marks)
1. a) What is the significance of coherence in interference of light? [2M]
b) How polarized light can be identified? [2M]
c) Name seven crystal systems. [2M]
d) What is the significance of Miller indices? [2M]
e) What are the magnetic domains? [2M]
f) Define electric polarization of a dielectric material. [2M]
g) What is wave particle duality? [2M]
h) Write down the important postulations of quantum free electron theory. [2M]
i) What are semiconducting materials? Give examples. [2M]
j) Define Hall coefficient. [2M]
PART – B (50 MARKS)
UNIT-I
2. a) Explain the conditions for the minima and maxima in the single-slit Fraunhofer [6M]
diffraction pattern.
b) Define dispersive power of a grating and obtain an expression for it. [4M]
(OR)
3 a) Describe any two methods of producing plane polarised light. [6M]
b) Distinguish between polarized light and unpolarized light. [4M]
UNIT-II
4. a) Determine the atomic radius and packing factor for BCC and FCC lattices. [6M]
b) Draw (110) and (111) planes in the SC crystal. What do you infer from these [4M]
diagrams?
(OR)
5. a) Deduce Laue’s equation of diffraction of X-rays and obtain Bragg’s diffraction [6M]
condition from them.
b) Compare powder X-ray diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. [4M]
UNIT-III
6. a) Explain electronic polarization and show that electronic polarizability is directly [6M]
proportional to the volume of the atom.
b) What is dielectric loss? Obtain an expression for Tangent loss. [4M]
(OR)
7. a) Discuss temperature dependence of susceptibility of Para and Ferro magnetic [6M]
materials.
b) How magnetic moment arises in magnetic materials? Explain. [4M]
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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 2

UNIT-IV
8. a) Solve the Schrodinger wave equation for a particle in a one-dimensional box. [6M]
b) Explain the properties of matter waves. [4M]
(OR)
9. a) Obtain an expression for the electrical conductivity of a metal based on quantum [6M]
free electron theory.
b) Explain the drawbacks of classical free electron theory. [4M]
UNIT-V
10. Define electrical conductivity. Obtain the expression of electrical conductivity for [10M]
intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
(OR)
11. a) Obtain the expression for carrier concentration N- type semiconductor. [7M]
b) Write any three applications of Hall effect. [3M]

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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 3

I B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, January-2024

ENGINEERING PHYSICS
(Common to CE, ME, ECE, IT, AME, Mining, Robotics, Agri E, ECE-Allied, CSE-Allied)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. All the questions in Part-A is Compulsory
3. Answer ONE Question from Each Unit in Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A (20 Marks)
1. a) What is the necessary condition for Fraunhofer diffraction? [2M]
b) Define plane of polarization and plane of vibration. [2M]
c) What are crystallographic axes? [2M]
d) Write down the limiting condition for Bragg’s law of X-diffraction. [2M]
e) What is dielectric loss? [2M]
f) Relate relative permeability (µr) with magnetic susceptibility (χM). [2M]
g) What are matter waves? Express their wavelength in terms of particle energy. [2M]
h) What are the demerits of classical free electron theory? [2M]
i) What are the extrinsic semiconductors? [2M]
j) What does forbidden energy gap signifies? [2M]
PART – B (50 MARKS)
UNIT-I
2. a) Describe how interference of light waves leads to the formation of bright and dark [6M]
rings in Newton's Rings.
b) Describe how Newton's Rings can be used to measure the refractive index of a [4M]
material.
(OR)
3 a) What is double refraction? Explain the construction and working principle of a Nicol [7M]
prism with a neat ray diagram.
b) Find the thickness of the half wave plate, when the wavelength of light is equal to [3M]
5890AU. Given refractive indices of ordinary ray and extraordinary ray are 1.55 and
1.54, respectively.
UNIT-II
4. a) Describe the seven crystal systems with diagrams. [7M]
b) Draw the planes (101), (111) and (110) in SC crystal with neat diagrams. [3M]
(OR)
5. a) Describe the powder method and determination of crystal structure with suitable [7M]
diagrams.
b) In first-order reflection from the plane of NaCl is obtained at an angle of 200 with [3M]
the incident beam. If inter-atomic spacing is 2.5 Å, then calculate the wavelength of
X-rays used.
UNIT-III
6. a) Derive an expression for internal field for a dielectric material with cubic structure? [6M]
b) Explain the frequency dependence of polarization. [4M]
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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 3

(OR)
7. a) Elucidate the atomic origin of permanent magnetism in magnetic materials. [6M]
b) What are the Ferro magnetic materials? Write down their properties. [4M]
UNIT-IV
8. a) Discuss the dual nature of matter waves with suitable examples. [6M]
b) Explain the properties of wave function. [4M]
(OR)
9. Explain the meaning of density of states. Derive an expression for the number of [10M]
allowed states per unit volume of a solid.
UNIT-V
10. Explain the concept of drift and diffusion currents in a semiconductor and how are [10M]
they related to each other?
(OR)
11. a) What is Hall effect? Obtain the expression for Hall coefficient. [6M]
b) Explain the applications of Hall effect. [4M]

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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 4

I B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, January-2024

ENGINEERING PHYSICS
(Common to CE, ME, ECE, IT, AME, Mining, Robotics, Agri E, ECE-Allied, CSE-Allied)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. All the questions in Part-A is Compulsory
3. Answer ONE Question from Each Unit in Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A (20 Marks)
1. a) State the principle of superposition of light waves. [2M]
b) When light waves bend around the obstacles? Explain. [2M]
c) Define crystal planes. [2M]
d) What are the important facts of Laue experiment for X-ray diffraction? [2M]
e) Differentiate dielectric constant and dielectric susceptibility. [2M]
f) Define residual magnetism and coercive force. [2M]
g) What is the de Brogile hypothesis? Explain. [2M]
h) What does Fermi Energy represent? Explain its significance. [2M]
i) Draw the energy band diagram of an intrinsic semiconductor. [2M]
j) How drift current is different from diffusion current? Explain. [2M]
PART – B (50 MARKS)
UNIT-I
2. a) Derive the equation for the condition of constructive and destructive interference in [6M]
a thin film with non-normal incidence.
b) Provide examples of natural occurrences where colors in thin films are observed. [4M]
(OR)
3 a) Derive the expression for the intensity pattern in the Fraunhofer diffraction due to a [6M]
double slit.
b) Distinguish between the Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction. [4M]
UNIT-II
4. a) Deduce an expression for the inter-planar distance in terms of Miller indices for a [6M]
cubic structure.
b) Define the unit cell and describe the lattice parameters. [4M]
(OR)
5. a) Describe Bragg's spectrometer and explain how it is used to study the structure of [7M]
crystals.
b) X-rays of wavelength 0.3 Å are incident on a crystal with a lattice spacing 0.5 Å. [3M]
Find the angles at which second and third order Bragg’s diffraction maxim are
observed.
UNIT-III
6. a) Obtain relationship between the three electric vectors in a dielectric material. [6M]
b) What are polar and non polar dielectric materials? Explain. [4M]
(OR)

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Code No: R231108 R23 SET - 4

7. a) Explain the atomic origin of Ferromagnetism? Differentiate between diamagnetic and [6M]
paramagnetic materials.
b) Distinguish between soft and hard magnetic materials. [4M]
UNIT-IV
8. a) Obtain an expression for Schrodinger’s time dependent wave equation. [6M]
b) Explain the physical significance of wave function. [4M]
(OR)
9. Discuss the merits and demerits of classical free electron theory. Explain the salient [10M]
features of free electron theory.
UNIT-V
10. Discuss the energy band formation in pure semiconductor using energy band [10M]
diagrams. Explain the formation of conduction and valance bands.
(OR)
11. a) Obtain the expression for carrier concentration in n-type semiconductor. [5M]
b) What are drift and diffusion currents and derive their expressions. [5M]

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