CBSE-2023 PRACTICE PAPER 1

MATHEMATICS
Time : 3 hrs Max. Marks : 80

General Instructions
1. This question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ's and 02 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA) type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA) type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment
(4 marks each) with sub parts.

Section A
(Multiple Choice Questions) Each question carries 1 mark

1. From the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, two numbers a and b(a ≠ b) are chosen at random. The
a
probability that is an integer, is
b
1 1
(a) 3
(b) 4
1 3
(c) 2 (d) 5

2 3 2
2. If | x x x | + 3 = 0, then the value of x is
4 9 1
(a) 3 (b) 0
(c) − 1 (d) 1

3. The graph of the inequality 2x + 3y > 6 is

(a) half plane that contains the origin
(b) half plane that neither contains the origin nor the points of the line 2x + 3y = 6
(c) whole XOY-plane excluding the points on the line 2x + 3y = 6
(d) entire XOY plane
4. If A is a square matrix of order 3, such that A(adj A) = 10 I, then | adj A | is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 10
(c) 100 (d) 101

5. If a⃗ = 3î + 2ĵ + 5k̂ and ⃗b = 6î − ĵ − 5k̂ then find (a⃗ + ⃗b) . (a⃗ − ⃗b).
(a) 24 (b) -24
(c) 18 (d) 10

6. The two lines x = ay +b, z = cy + d; and x = a'y+b', z=c'y + d' are perpendicular to each
other, if
a c a c
(a) a′ + c′ = 1 (b) a′ + c′ = −1
(c) aa' + cc' = 1 (d) aa' + cc'= -1

8. The direction ratios of the line passing through two points (2, - A, 5) and (0, 1, -1) is
(a) (-2,-6,5) (b) (-2,5-6)
(c) (5, - 2,-6) (d) (-6, -2,5)

9. If A is a 3 × 3 matrix such that | A | = 8, then |3A| equals

(a) 8 (b) 24
(c) 72 (d) 216

2𝑥+1 − 5𝑥−1
10. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 is equal to
10𝑥
1
(a) log 2(2−x ) − 2 log 5(5−x ) + C
5
1
(b) log(2−x ) − 2 log 5(5−x ) + C
6
1
(c) log(2−x ) + 3 log 5(5−x ) + C
5
(d) None of the above

dy
11. The integrating factor of the differential equation x + 2y = x 2 is
dx
(a) 𝑥 (b) 𝑥 2 (c) 3x (d) 𝑥𝑦

12. If y = cos-1 x, then (1 - x2)y2 is equal to

(a) xy (b) xy1
(c) xy2 (d) x2y

pg. 2
13. In an LPT if the objective function has Z = ax + by has the same maximum value on two
corner points of the feasible region, then the number of points at which Zmax occurs is
(a) 0 (b) 2
(c) finite (d) infinite

14. The number of points of discontinuity of f defined by f(x) = |x| - |x + 1| is

(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 0 (d) 5

dy 2
15. The degree of the differential equation 1 + (dx) = x is

(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4

2 2 3𝑥 1
16. If | |=| |, then x equals
2 3 4𝑥 2
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4

→ → 1 → → → →
17. If 𝑎 ⋅ 𝑏 = |𝑎 | |𝑏 |, then the angle between 𝑎 and 𝑏 is
2

(a) 0° (b) 30°

(c) 60° (d)90°

𝜋/8
18. ∫ tan2 (2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 is equal to
0
4−𝜋 4+𝜋
(a) (b)
8 8
4−𝜋 4−𝜋
(b) 4
(d) 2

Assertion-Reason Based Questions

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason
(R). Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

19. Assertion (A) We can write sin-1 x = (sinx)-1

pg. 3
Reason (R) Any value in the range of principal value branch is called principal value of that
inverse trigonometric function.
Reason The value of an inverse trigonometric function which lies in the range of principle
branch, is called the principal value of that inverse trigonometric function. Hence, we can say
that Assertion is false but Reason is true.

1 2
20. Assertion (A) A 2 × 2 matrix A = [aij], whose elements are given by aij = i × j, is [ ].
2 4
Reason (R) If A is a 4 × 2 matrix, then the elements in A is 5.
Reason If A is a 4 × 2 matrix, then A has 4 × 2 = 8 elements.
Hence, Assertion is true but Reason is false.

Section B
(This section comprises of very short answer type questions (VSA) of 2 marks each)

21. Check if the relation R on the set

A = {1,2,3,4,5,6} defined as R = {(x, y): y is divisible by x} is
(i) symmetric
(ii) transitive.
Or
Find the value of
1 1
tan−1 (1) + cos−1 (− ) + sin−1 (− )
2 2

d2 𝑦
22. If x = a cos θ and y = b sin θ, then find dx2
.

⃗ |, if |a⃗| = 21b
23. Find |a⃗| and |b ⃗ | and

(a⃗ + ⃗b). (a⃗ − ⃗b) = 12.

Or
Find the unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors a⃗ = 4î +3ĵ + k̂ and b
⃗ = 2î − ĵ + 2k̂.

24. Show that the function f defined by f(x) = (x - 1)ex + 1 is an increasing function for all x>0.

→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^ → → →
25. If a = i + j + 3k and b = 2i − j + λk, then find the value of λ, if the vectors a + b and a -
→
b are orthogonal.

Section C
(This section comprises of short answer type questions (SA) of 3 marks each)

pg. 4
 x
26. Find ∫ x2 +3x+2
dx

1
27. Find the value of ∫0 x(1 − x)n dx.
Or
π xsinx
Evaluate ∫0 1+cos2 x
dx.

dy
28. Solve (x + 1) dx = 2e-y + 1; y = 0 when x = 0.
Or
y dy y π
Solve xsin ( ) + x − ysin ( ) = 0; y =
x dx x 2
when x = 1.

29. Three rotten apples are mixed with seven fresh apples. Find the probability distribution of
the number of rotten apples, if three apples are drawn one by one with replacement. Find the
mean of the number of rotten apples.
Or
In a shop X, 30 tins of ghee of type A and 40 tins of ghee of type B which look alike, are kept
for sale. While in shop Y, similar 50 tins of ghee of type A and 60 tins of ghee of type B are
there. One tin of ghee is purchased from one of the randomly selected shop and is found to
be of type B. Find the probability that it is purchased from shop Y.

2
1 1
30. Evaluate ∫ [x − 2x2 ] e2x dx.
1

31. If Z = 2x + 3y, subject to constraints x + 2y ≤ 10, 2x + y ≤ 14, x, y ≥ 0, then find the corner
point of feasible region.

Section D
(This section comprises of long answer type questions (LA) of 5 marks each)

2 −3 s
32. If A = [3 2 −4] then flnd A−1
1 1 −2
Using A−1 , solve the following system of equations:
2x − 3y + 5z = 11
3x + 2y − 4z = −5
x + y − 2z = −3

pg. 5
33. Find the vector and certesian equations of the line which is perpendicular to the lines with
x+2 y−3 z+1 x−1 y−2 z−3
equations 1 = 2 = 4 and 2 = 3 = 4 and passes through the point (1, 1, 1). Also,
find the angle between the given lines.
Or
Find the shortest distance between the lines given by
r = (2 + λ)î − (3 + λ)î + (5 + λ)k̂

and r = (2μ − 1)î + (4μ − 1) î+(5 ‐ µ)k̂.

34. Prove that the relation R on Z, defined by R {(x, y);(x - y) is divisible by 5} is an equivalence
relation.
Or
Show that the relation R in the set A of points in a plane, given by R = {{P,Q): distance of the
point P from the origin is same as the distance of the point Q from the origin}, is an equivalence
reation. Further, show that the set of all points related to a point P ≠ (0,0) is the circle passing
through P with origin as centre.

35. Find the area of the region lying in the first quadrant and enclosed by the X -axis, the line
y = x and the circle x2 + y2 = 32,
(This section comprises of 3 case-study/passage-based questions of 4 marks each with two
sub-parts. First two case study questions have three sub-parts (i), (ii), (Hi) of marks 1,1, 2
respectively. The third case study question has two sub-parts of 2 marks each)

36. P(x) = -6x2 +120x + 25000 (in Rs.) is the total profit function of a company where x denotes
the production of the company.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(i) Find the profit of the company, when the production is 3 units.
(ii) Find P'(5).
(iii) Find the interval in which the profit is strictly increasing.
Or
Find the production, when the profit is maximum.

pg. 6
37. In a college, an architecture design a auditorium for its cultural activities purpose. The
shape of the floor of the auditorium is rectangular and it has a fixed perimeter, say P.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(i) If l and b represents the length and breadth of the rectangular region, then find the
‘relationship between l, b, P.
(ii) Find the area (A) of the floor, as a function of l.
(iii) College manager is interested in maximising the area of the floor A.
For this purpose, find the value of l.
Or
Find the maximum area of the floor.

38. In an office three employees Vinay, Sonia and Iqbal process incoming copies of a certain
form. Vinay process 50% of the forms. Sonia processes 20% and Iqbal the remaining 30% of
the forms. Vinay has an error rate of 0.06, Sonia has an error rate of 0.04 and Iqbal has an
error rate of 0.03.

Based on the above information answer the following questions.

(i) The total probability of committing an error in processing the form.
(ii) The manager of the company wants to do a quality check. During inspection he selects a
form at random from the days output of processed forms. If the form selected at random has
an error, the probability that the form is not processed by Vinay.

pg. 7
 SOLUTIONS OF PRACTICE PAPER 1
MATHEMATICS
Sol.1 (c) We have, set of numbers {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.
5×4
Sample space of choosing two numbers = 5C2 = = 10
1×2
2 3 4 5 4
Favourable outcomes are (1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2) = 5
5 1
∴ Required probability = =
10 2

2 3 2
Sol.2 (c) We have, | x x X| + 3 = 0
4 9 1
⇒ 2(x-9x)-3(x -4x) + 2(9x -4x) + 3 = 0
⇒ -16x+ 9x + 10x+ 3= 0
⇒ 3x + 3 = 0
⇒ x = -1

Sol.3 (b) The inequality 2x + 3y > 6 represent half plane that neither contains the origin'nor
the points of the line 2x + 3y = 6

Sol.4 (c) We know that

A (adj A) = |A|I Now, we have
A (adj A) = 10I

∴ | A | = 10
Again, |adj A| = |A|n-1

∴ | adj A | = |A|3-1 = | A |2 = (10)2 = 100

Sol.5 (b) Given a⃗ = 3î + 2ĵ + 5k̂

pg. 8
and ⃗b = 6î − ĵ − 5k̂
Now, a⃗ + ⃗b = 9î + ĵ
⃗ = −3î + 3ĵ + 10k̂
and a⃗ − b
.: (a⃗ + ⃗b) ⋅ (a⃗ − ⃗b) = −27 + 3 = −24

Sol.6 (d) We have,

x = ay + b, z = cy + d

and x = a′ y + b′ ,, z=cý+d’
x−b y z−d x−b′ y z−d′
⇒ = = and = =
a 1 c a 1 c′

Since, these lines are perpendicular.

∴ aa’ + 1 + cc' = 0

[∵ two lines are perpendicular, if a1 a2 + b1b2 + c1c2 = 1]

⇒ aa’ + cc' = -1

7. If a⃗ is a non‐zero vector, then

(a⃗ ⋅ î)î + (a⃗ ⋅ ĵ)î + (a⃗ ⋅ k̂)k̂ equals

(a) a⃗ (b) 2a⃗ (c) 3a⃗ (d) ⃗0

Sol.7 (a) Let a⃗ = xî + yĵ + zk̂

→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
∴ (𝑎 ⋅ 𝑖 ) = (𝑥𝑖 + 𝑦𝑗 + 𝑧𝑘 ) ⋅ 𝑗 = 𝑥
→ ^ → ^
Similarly, (𝑎 ⋅ 𝑗 ) = 𝑦 and (𝑎 ⋅ 𝑘 ) = 𝑧
→ ^ → ^ → ^ ^ ^ ^ →
Now, (a ⋅ i )i + (a ⋅ j )j + (a ⋅ k)k = xi + yj + zk = a

Sol.8 (b) Let A(x1, y1, z1) = (2, - 4, 5)

and B(x2, y2, z2) = (0, 1, -1)
Then, DR's of line AB is (0-2, 1 + 4, -1 -5)
i.e, (-2, 5, -6).

Sol.9 (d) ∵ | KA | = Kn|A|

∴ |3A| = 33|A| [∵ n = 3]
= 27 × 8 = 216

2x+1 − 5x−1
Sol.10 (a) Let I = ∫ dx
10x

pg. 9
 2 x 1 5 x
⇒ I = ∫ (2 ( ) − ( ) ) dx
10 5 10
1
⇒ I = ∫ (2(5)−x − (2)−x )dx
5
1
⇒ I = −2 ⋅ 5−x log 5 + ⋅ 2−x log 2 + C
5
1
⇒ I = log 2(2−x ) − 2 log 5(5−x ) + C
5

dy dy 2
Sol.11 (b) We have, x + 2y = x 2 ⇒ + y=x
dx dx x
2 2
∴ Integrating factor = e∫ xdx = e2log x = elog x = x 2

Sol.12 (b) We have, y = cos-1x

−1
⇒ y1 = …(i)
√1−x2
1
(√1 − x 2 ) × 0 − (−1) (−2x)
⇒ y2 = 2√1 − x 2
(1 − x 2 )
−x
⇒ y2 (1 − x 2 ) = ⇒ y2 (1 − x 2 ) = xy1 [ using Eq. (i)]
√1 − x 2

Sol.13 (d) An objective function has the same maximum value of two comer points the
maximum value occur line joining two points.

∴ Infinite maximum value at line joining two points.

Sol.14 (c) We have, f(x) = |x| - |x + 1|

1, x < −1
f(x) = {−2x − 1, −1 ≤ x < 0
−1, x≥0

Clearly, f(x) is continuous for all values of x.

Hence, no discontinuous point exist.

dy 2
Sol.15 (b) We have, 1 + ( ) = x
dx

∴ Degree = 2

pg. 10
 2 2 3𝑥 1
Sol.16 (a) We have, | |=| |
2 3 4𝑥 2
⇒ 6 – 4 = 6x - 4x
⇒ 2 = 2x
⇒x=1
→ → 1 → →
Sol.17 (c) Given 𝑎 ⋅ 𝑏 = 2 |𝑎 | |𝑏 |

→ → 1 → →
⇒ |𝑎 ||𝑏 |cos 𝜃 = |𝑎 ||𝑏 |
2
1
⇒ cos 𝜃 = ⇒ 𝜃 = 60∘
2
→ →
∴ Angle between 𝑎 and 𝑏 is 60∘ .

π
𝐒𝐨𝐥. 𝟏𝟖 (a) Let I = ∫08 tan2 (2x) dx
π
8
⇒ I = ∫ (sec 2 (2x) − 1) dx
0
π
tan 2x 8
⇒ I=[ − x]
2 0
tan π
π 1 π 4−π
⇒ I = ( 4 − ) − (0 − 0) = − =
2 8 2 8 8

1
Sol.19 (d) Assertion sin-1x should not be confused with (sin x) -1. Infact (sinx) -1 = sinx
and
similarly for other trigonometric functions.

𝑎11 𝑎12
Sol.20 (c) Assertion In general, the matrix A of order 2 × 2 is given by A = [𝑎 𝑎22 ].
21

Now, aij =7 × j, i = 1, 2 and j = 1, 2

∴ a11 = 1, a12 = 2, a21 = 2 and a22 = 4

1 2
Thus, matrix A is [ ]
2 4

Sol.21 (i) For symmetry We observe that 6 is divisible by 2 . This means that (2, 6) ∈ R but
2 is not divisible by 6 i.e. (6,2) ∉ R. So, R is not symmetric. (1)

(ii) For transitivity Let (x, y) ∈ R and (y, z) ∈ R. then z is divisible by x. i.e., (x, z) ∈ R
e.g. 2 is divisible by 1,4 is divisible by 2.
So, 4 is divisible by 1. So, R is transitive. (1)

pg. 11
 Or
−𝜋 𝜋 −𝜋 𝜋
We know that ranges of principle values of tan-1, cos-1 and sin-1 are ( , ), [0, π] and [ , ],
2 2 2 2
respectively.
Let tan-1(1) = θ1,
⇒ tan θ1 = 1
π π −π π
⇒ tan θ1 = tan 4 ⇒ θ1 = 4
∈ ( 2 , 2 ) (1/2)
−1 −1
Again, let cos−1 ( ) = θ2 ⇒ cos θ2 =
2 2
π π 2π
⇒ cos θ2 = − cos = cos (π − ) = cos
3 3 3
2π
⇒ θ2 = 3
∈ [0, π] (1/2)
−1
Again, let sin−1 ( ) = θ3
2
−1 π
⇒ sin θ3 = ⇒ sin θ3 = − sin
2 6
−π
⇒ sin θ3 = sin ( )
6
−π −π π
⇒ θ3 = 6
∈ [ 2 , 2 ] (1/2)
−1 −1
∴ tan−1 (1) + cos−1 ( ) + sin−1 ( )
2 2
π 2π π 3π
=4+ 3
−6 = 4
(1/2)

Sol.22 We have x = a cos θ and y = bsinθ

dx dy
∴ dθ = −asinθ and dθ = b cos θ
dy
dy b cos θ −b
∴ = dθ
dx = = cot θ (1)
dx −asin θ a
dθ

d2 y d dy
Again, dx2 = dx (dx)
d −b −b dθ
= ( cot θ) = (−cosec 2 θ).
dx a a dx
b 1 dθ 1
= a cosec 2 θ × (−asinθ) [∵ dx
= dx ]
dθ

−b
= a2
cosec3 θ (1)

Sol.23 Given, (a⃗ + ⃗b) ⋅ (a⃗ − ⃗b) = 12 and |a⃗| = 2|b

⃗|

⃗ |2 = 12
⇒ |a⃗|2 − |b
2 2
⃗ |) − |b
⇒ (2|b ⃗ | = 12 [given, |a⃗| = 2|b
⃗ |]

pg. 12
 ⃗ |2 − |b
⇒ 4|b ⃗ |2 = 12 (1)
⃗ |2 = 12
⇒ 3|b
⇒ |𝑏⃗|2 = 4
⃗|=2
⇒ |b

∴ |a⃗| = a|b
⃗ | = 2(2) = 4 (1)

Or
→ ^ ^ ^
Given, vectors are a = 4i + 3j + k and
→ ^ ^ ^
b = 2i − j + 2k
Now, perpendicular vector to the given vector is
^ ^ ^
→ → i j k
a × b = | 4 3 1|
2 −1 2
^ ^ ^
= i (6 + 1) − j (8 − 2) + k(−4 − 6)
^ ^ ^
= 7i − 6j − 10k (1/2)
→ →
|a × b| = √72 + (−6)2 + (−10)2
= √49 + 36 + 100 = √185 (1/2)
→ →
a×b
∴ Required unit vector = ± → →
|a × b|
^ ^ ^
(7i −6j −10k)
=± (1)
√185

Sol.24 We have, f (x) = (x - 1) ex + 1

On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
f'(x) = (x-1)ex + ex
f'(x) = xex (1)
For all x > 0 ⇒ f'(x)> 0 (1)

∴ f(x) is an increasing function for all x > 0. (1)

→ ^ ^ ^
Sol.25 Given, a = i + j + 3k
→ ^ ^ ^
and 𝑏 = 2𝑖 − 𝑗 + 𝜆𝑘
→ → ^ ^
∴ 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 3𝑖 + (𝜆 + 3)𝑘
→ → ^ ^ ^
𝑎 − 𝑏 = −𝑖 + 2𝑗 + (3 − 𝜆)𝑘
According to the question,

pg. 13
 → → → →
(𝑎 + 𝑏 ) ⋅ (𝑎 − 𝑏 ) = 0
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
⇒ (3𝑖 + (𝜆 + 3)𝑘 ) ⋅ (−𝑖 + 2𝑗 + (3 − 𝜆)𝑘 ) = 0
→ → → →
[∵ if two vectors 𝑎 and 𝑏 are orthogonal, then 𝑎 . 𝑏 = 0]
⇒ -3+ (3+ λ)(3-λ) = 0
⇒ -3+ 9-λ2 =0
⇒ 6 = λ2
⇒ λ = √6 (i)

x
Sol.26 Let I = ∫ x2 +3x+2
dx
d
Again let x = A dx (x 2 + 3x + 2) + B
⇒ x = (2x + 3)A + B
⇒ x = 2Ax + (3A + B)

∴ 2A = 1 and 3A + 8 = 0
1 3
⇒ A = 2 and B = − 2
1 (2x + 3)𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥
∴I= ∫ 2 − ∫ 2
2 x + 3x + 2 2 x + 3x + 2
1 3
⇒ I = I1 − I2 … (𝑖)(1)
2 2
2x+3 dx
Let I1 = ∫ dx and I2 = ∫
x2 +3x+2 x2 +Sx+2
2x+3
Now I1 = ∫ x2 +3x+2
dx

Put x 2 + 3x + 2 = t ⇒ (2x + 3)dx = dt

dx
∴ I1 = ∫ = log |t| + C1 = log |x 2 + 3x + 2| + C1 (1/2)
t
dx dx
and I2 = ∫ = ∫
x 2 + 3x + 2 9 9
x2 + 3 × + + 2 −
4 4
dx ox
=∫ 2 =∫
3 9 3 2 1 2
(x + 2) + 2 − 4 (X + 2) − (2)
3 1
1 𝑥+2−2
= log | | + 𝐶2
1 3 1
2× 𝑥+ +
2 2 2
x+1
⇒ I2 = log |x+2| + C2 (1/2)

On substituting the value of I1 and I2 in Eq. (i), we get

1 1 3 x+1 3
I = log|x 2 + 3x + 2| + C1 − log | | − C2
2 2 2 x+2 2

pg. 14
 1 3 x+1
= log|x 2 + 3x + 2| − log | | + 𝐶,
2 2 x+2
1 3
where C = 2 C1 − 2 C2 (1)

1
Sol.27 Let I = ∫0 x(1 − x)n dx
1
I = ∫ (1 − x){1 − (1 − x)}n dx
0
a a
[∵ ∫ f(x)dx = ∫ f(a − x)dx]
0 0
1 1
= ∫0 (1 − x)x n dx = ∫0 (x n − x n+1 ) dx (1)
1
x n+1 x n+2 1 1
=[ − ] =[ − ]−0
n+1 n+2 0 n+1 n+2
(n+2)−(n+1) 1
= (n+1)(n+2)
= (n+1)(n+2) (2)

Or
𝜋 𝑥sin 𝑥
Let 𝐼 = ∫0 𝑑𝑥 …(i)
1+cos2 𝑥
𝜋 (𝜋−𝑥)sin (𝜋−𝑥) 𝜋 (𝜋−𝑥)sin 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐼 = ∫0 1+cos2 (𝜋−𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 1+cos2 𝑥
…(ii)

On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

𝜋 sin 𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝜋 𝜋 sin 𝑥
2𝐼 = 𝜋 ∫0 ⇒ 𝐼 = ∫0 𝑑𝑥 (1)
1+cos2 𝑥 2 1+cos2 𝑥
2a a
Using ∫ f(x)dx = 2 ∫ f(x)dx, if f(2a − x) = f(x), we get
0 0
𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 sin 𝑥 2 2 sin 𝑥
𝐼 = × 2∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 ⇒ 𝐼 = 𝜋 ∫ 2
𝑑𝑥
2 0 1 + cos 𝑥 0 1 + cos 𝑥

Put cosx = t, then - sinxdx = dt

π
When x = 0, then t = 1 and when x = 2 , then t = 0 (1)
0 −𝑑𝑡
∴ 𝐼 = 𝜋 ∫1 1+𝑡 2

𝐼 = −𝜋[tan−1 𝑡]10
𝐼 = −𝜋[tan−1 0 − tan−1 1]
𝜋 𝜋2
𝐼 = −𝜋 [0 − 4 ] = 4
(1)

Sol.28 Given, differential equation is

dy
(x + 1) = 2e−y + 1.
dx
dy 2+ey ey dx
⇒ (x + 1) dx = ey
⇒ e𝑦 +2 dy = x+1
On lntegratlng both sldes, we get

pg. 15
 ey dx
∫ y
dy = ∫
e +2 x+1
⇒ log(ey + 2) = log(x + 1) + logC
⇒ log(ey + 2) = logC(x + 1) (1)
⇒ ey + 2 = C(x + 1) ..(i)
Also given, y = 0, when x = 0
On putting x = 0 and y = 0 in Eq. (i), we get
e0 + 2 = C(0 + 1) ⇒ C = 1 + 2 = 3 (1)
On putting value of C in Eq. (1), we get
ey + 2 = 3(x + 1)
⇒ ey = 3x + 3 − 2 ⇒ ey = 3x + 1
⇒ y = log(3x + 1) (1)
Or
Given, differential equation can be written as
dy y 1
= −
dx x sin (y)
x

λy 1 y 1
Now, (λx, λy) = − = λ0 ( − )
λx sin (λy) x sin y
λx x
= λ0 F(x, y) (1/2)
It is a homogeneous differential equation.
Now, put y = vx
dy dv
⇒ =v+x
dx dx
dv vx 1 dv 1
∴ v + x dx = x
− vx ⇒ v + x dx = v − sin v
sin ( )
x
1
⇒ sin vdv = − x dx (1/2)
On integrating both sides, we get
− cos v = − log|x| − C
y y
⇒ − cos (X) = − log|x| − C [putting v= x]
y
⇒ cos (x) = log|x| + C …(1) (1)
π
Given that x = 1, when y = 2
π
∴ cos ( 2 ) = log|1| + C

⇒ 0=0+C
⇒ C⇒0
Putting C = 0 in Eq. (i), we get

pg. 16
 y
cos ( ) = log|x| + 0
x
y
⇒ cos (x) = log|x| (1)

Sol.29 Given, rotten apples = 3 and fresh apples = 7

Here, total number of apples = 3 + 7 = 10
Let X denotes the number of rotten apples.
Then, X takes the values 0, 1, 2, 3.
Let A be the event getting a rotten apple.
3 3 7
∴ P(A) = 10 and P(A') = 1 - P(A) = 1 - 10 = 10
Now, P(X = 0) = P (getting 0 rotten apple)
= P(A')P(A')P(A')
7 7 7 343
= 10 × I0 × 10 = 1000 (1/2)
P(X = 1) = P(getting 1 rotten apple)
= 3P(A)P(A')P(A')
3 7 7 441
=3× × × =
10 10 I0 1000
P(X = 2) = P (getting 2 rotten apples)
= 3P(A)P(A)P(A′ )
3 3 7 189
=3× × × = (1/2)
10 10 10 1000

and P(X = 3) = P(getting 3 rotten apples)

= P(A)⋅P(A)⋅P(A0
3 3 3 27
= × × =
10 10 10 1000
∴ Probability distribution is as follows:

X 0 1 2 3

P(X) 343 441 189 27

1000 1000 1000 1000

(1)
Now, mean (µ) = ΣX . P(X)
0 × 343 1 × 441 2 × 189 3 × 27
= + + +
1000 1000 1000 1000
441 378 81 900 9
= 0 + 1000 + 7000 + 1000 = 1000 = 10 (1)
Or
Let E1 = Getting ghee from shop X
E2 =Gettlng ghee from shop Y

pg. 17
A = Gettlng type B ghee
1
∴ P(E1 ) = P(E2 ) = 2

[∵ both shop have equal chances]

A
P (E ) = Probability that type B ghee is purchased from shop X
1
40 4
= 70
= 7 (1)
P(E2/A) = Probability that type B ghee is purchased from shop Y
60 6
= 110 = 11 (1)
Now, by Baye’s theorem, we get
A
E2 P(E2 )P (E )
2
P( ) =
A A A
P(E1 )P (E ) + P(E2 )P (E )
1 2
1 6 6
×
= 2 11 = 11
1 4 1 6 4 6
2 × 7 + 2 × 11 7 + 11
6
11 42 21
= 44+42 = = (1)
86 43
77

2
1 1
Sol30. Let I = ∫ [x − 2x2 ] e2x dx
1
1 1
Put 2x = t ⇒ x = t ⇒ dx = dt
2 2

When x = 1, then t = 2
and when x = 2, then t = 4 (1)
1 4 2 2
∴ I = ∫ [ − 2 ] et dt
2 2 t t
4
1 −1
= ∫ ( + 2 ) et dt
2 t t
1 4
= [ t et ] [∵ ∫ ex (f(x) + f ′ (x))dx = ex f(x) + C] (1)
2
e4 e2 e2
= − = (e2 − 2) (1)
4 2 4

Sol.31 Given, Z = 2x + 3y
Subject to constraints
x + 2y ≤ 10 ...(i)}
2x + y ≤ 14 ...(ii)
and x, y ≥ 0 ...(iii)
Shade the region to the right of Y-axis to show x ≥ 0 and above X-axis to show y ≥ 0,

pg. 18
Table for line x + 2y = 10 is

x 0 4 10

y 5 3 0

(1/2)
So, the line is passing through the points (0, 5), (4, 3)and (10, 0).
On putting (0, 0) in the inequality x + 2y ≤ 10, we get 0 + 0 ≤ 10, which is true,
So, the half plane is towards the origin.
Table for line 2x + y = 14 is

x 4 6 7

y 6 2 0

(1/2)
So, the line is passing through the points (4, 6), (6 2)and (7,0).
On putting (0,0) in the inequality 2x + y ≤ 14, we get 0 + 0 ≤ 14, which is true.
So, the half plane is towards the origin.
The intersection point of lines corresponding to Eqs. (i) and (ii) is S(6,2).
On shading the common region, we get the feasible region OABD.

(1)
The corner poitns are 0(0, 0), A(7, 0), B(6,2) and D(0,5). (1)

Sol.32 We have,
2 −3 5
A = [3 2 −4]
1 1 −2
2 −3 5I
2 −3 5
Now |A| = |3 2 −4|
1 1 −2
= 2(−4 + 4) + 3(−6 + 4) + 5(3 − 2〉
= 2(0) + 3(−2) + 5(1) = −6 + 5 = −I ≠ 0
Thus A−1 exist. (1)

pg. 19
Now cofactor of |A| are
2 −4
C11 = | | = −4 + 4 = 0
1 −2
3 −4
C12 = | | = −(−6 + 4) = 2
1 −2
3 2
C13 = | |=3−2=1
1 1
−3 5
C21 = − | | = −(6 − 5) = −1
1 −2
2 5
C22 = | | = (−4 − 5) = −9
1 −2
2 −3
C23 = − | | = −(2 + 3) = −5
1 1
−3 5
𝐶31 = | | = 12 − 10 = 2
2 −4
2 5
𝐶32 = − | | = −(−8 − 15) = 23
3 −4
2 −3
𝐶33 = | | = 4 + 9 = 13
3 2
T
C11 C32 C13
∴ adj (A) = [C21 C22 C23 ] (1)
C3⌉ C32 C33

0 2 1 ⊤ 0 −1 2
= [−1 −9 −5] = [2 −9 23]
2 23 13 1 −5 13
adj(A)
∴ A−1 = |A|

1 0 −1 2
= [2 −9 23]
−1
1 −5 13
0 1 −2
⇒ A−1 = [−2 9 −23] … …(i) (1)
−1 5 −13
Now, to find the solution of system equations
2x − 3y + 5z = 11
3x + 2y − 4z = −5
x + y − 2z = −3
Given, system of equations can be written in matrix form as
2 −3 5
AX = B, where A = [3 2 −4],
1 1 −2
x 11
χ = [y] and B = [−5]
z −3
0 1 −2 11
⇒ X = A−1 B = [−2 9 −23] [−5] [∵ from Eq. (i)] (1)
−1 5 −13 −3

pg. 20
 0−5+6
= [−22 − 45 + 69]
−11 − 25 + 39
x 1
⇒ [y] = [2]
z 3
On comparing the corresponding elements, we get
x = 1, y = 2 and z = 3 (1)

Sol.33 Any line through the point (1, 1, 1) is given by

𝑥−1 𝑦−1 𝑧−1
𝑎
= 𝑏
= 𝑐
…(i)
where a, b and c are the direction ratios of line (i),
Now, the line (i) is perpendicular to the lines
𝑥+2 𝑦−3 𝑧+1
= = (1)
1 2 4
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
and 2
= 3
= 4
, where DR’s of these two
lines are (1, 2, 4) and (2, 3, 4), respectively.

∴ a + 2b + 4c = 0 …(ii)
and 2a + 35 + 4c = 0 ...(iii) (1)

[∵ if two lines having DR’s (a1, b1, c1) and (a2, b2, c2) are perpendicular, then a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2
= 0]
By cross-multiplication method, we get
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= = ⇒ = =
8 − 12 8 − 4 3 − 4 −4 4 −1
∴ DR’s of line (i) are - 4, 4,-1

∴ The required cartesian equation of line (i) is

𝑥−1 𝑦−1 𝑧−1
−4
= 4
= −1
(1)
→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
and vector equation is 𝑟 = 𝑖 + 𝑗 + 𝑘 + 𝜆(−4𝑖 + 4𝑗 − 𝑘 ) (1)
Again, let 6 be the angle between the given lines.
Then,
|1 × 2 + 2 × 3 + 4 × 4| 24 24
cos 𝜃 = = =
√1 + 4 + 16√4 + 9 + 16 √21√29 √609
24
∴ 𝜃 = cos−1 ( ) (1)
√609

Or
Given, equation of lines can be rewritten as
→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
𝑟 = (2𝑖 − 3𝑗 + 5𝑘 ) + 𝜆(𝑖 − 𝑗 + 𝑘 )

pg. 21
 → ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
and 𝑟 = (−𝑖 − 𝑗 + 5𝑘 ) + 𝜇(2𝑖 + 4𝑗 − 3𝑘 )
On comparing the above equations with standard
→ → →
vector form of equation of line, 𝑟 = 𝑎 + 𝜆𝑏 , we get
→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
𝑎1 = 2𝑖 − 3𝑗 + 5𝑘 , 𝑏1 = 𝑖 − 𝑗 + 𝑘
→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
and 𝑎2 = −𝑗 − 𝑗 + 5𝑘 , 𝑏2 = 2𝑖 + 4𝑗 − 3𝑘
^ ^ ^
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘 → →
Now consider, 𝑏1 × 𝑏2 = |1 −1 1 |
2 4 −3
^ ^ ^
= 𝑖 (3 − 4) − 𝑗 (−3 − 2) + 𝑘 (4 + 2)
→ → ^ ^ ^
⇒ 𝑏1 × 𝑏2 = −𝑖 + 5𝑗 + 6𝑘 (1)
→ →
⇒ |𝑏1 × 𝑏2 | = √(−1)2 + (5)2 + (6)2
= √1 + 25 + 36 = √62
→ → ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
Also, 𝑎2 − 𝑎1 = (−𝑖 − 𝑗 + 5𝑘 ) − (2𝑖 − 3𝑗 + 5𝑘 )
^ ^
= −3𝑖 + 2𝑗 (1)
→ → → →
(b1 ×b2 )⋅(a2 −a1 )
We know that shortest distance between two lines is given by d = | → → |
|b1 ×b2 |

On putting above values, we get

^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(−i + 5j + 6k) ⋅ (−3i + 2j )
d =| |
√62

3 + 10 + 0 13 13√62
=| |= =
√62 √62 62
13√62
Hence, required shortest distance is 62
units. (2)

Sol.34 Given, R = {(a, b): Sdivides (a-b)}

and Z = Set of integers
Reflexive Let a ∈ Z be any arbitrary element.
Now, if (a,a) ∈ R, then 5 divides a-a, which is true.
So, R is reflexive. (1)
Symmetric Let a, b ∈ Z, such that
(a, b) ∈ R ⇒ 5 divides (a - b)
⇒ 5 divides [-(a - b)]
⇒ 5 divides (b - a) =+ (b, a) ∈ R
So, R is symmetric. (2)

pg. 22
Transitive Let a, b, c ∈ Z, such that (a, b) ∈ R and (b,c) ∈ R
⇒a -b and b -c both are divisible by 5.
⇒a-5 + b-c is divisible by 5.
⇒ (a -c)is divisible by 5
⇒ (a,c) ∈ R
So, R is transitive.
Thus, R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
Hence, R is an equivalence relation. (2)
Or
Here, R = {(P, Q): distance of point P from the origin is same as the distance of point Q from
the origin}. Clearly, (P, P) ∈ R, since the distance of point P from the origin is always the same
as the distance of the same point P from the origin.
Therefore, R is reflexive. (1)
Now, let (P,Q) ∈ R
=»The distance of point P from the origin is same as the distance of point 0 from the origin,
⇒ The distance of point Q from the origin is same as the distance of point P from the origin.
⇒ (0, P) ∈ R
Therefore, R is symmetric. (1)
Now, let (P, Q), (Q.S) ∈ R
The distance of points P and Q from the origin is same
and also the distance of points Q and S from the origin is same.

⇒ The distance of points P and S from the origin is same.

⇒ (P,S) ∈ R
Therefore, R is transitive. Therefore, R is an equivalence relation. (1)
The set of all points related to P ≠ (0, 0) will be those points whose distance from the origin is
the same as the distance of point P from the origin, in other words, if 0(0, 0) is the origin and
OP = k, then the set of ail points related to P is at a distance of k from the origin. .
Hence, this set of points forms a circle with the centre as the origin and this circle passes
through point P. (2)

Sol.35 We have, circle x2 + y2 = 32 ...(i)

having centre (0, 0)and radius 4√2 units
and the line, y = x ...(ii)

pg. 23
 (1)
It is clear from the figure that, required region is OABO.
On putting the value of y from Eq. (ii) in
Eq. .(i), we get
x2 + x2 = 32
⇒ 2x2 = 32
32
⇒ x2 = 2
= 16
⇒x=±4
From Eq. (ii), we get
y = +4 (1)
Thus, line and circle intersect at two points (4, 4) and (- 4, - 4). So, the coordinates of B are
(4, 4) [since, it is in I quadrant]. Also, circle cuts the X-axis at A (4√2, 0) and Y-axis at C (0,
4Rs.2) in I quadrant.

[∵ 4√2 is radius of a circle]

Here, we have to draw two vertical strips, as perpendicular line drawn from intersection point
to the X-axis, divides the region into two parts. Now, first strip Is drawn in region ODBO and
then limit is taken from 0 to 4. Second strip is drawn in region DABD and then limit is taken
from 4 to 4√2.

4
Now, area of region ODBO = ∫0 𝑦dx, where y is the height of vertical strip
4 4
𝑥2
= ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = [ ]
0 2 0
(4)2
= 2
− 0 = 8sq units (1)
4√2
and area of region DABD = ∫0 ydx, where y is the height of vertical strip in this region
4√2 2√2
=∫ √32 − x 2 dx = ∫ √(4√2)2 − x 2 dx
4 4
4√2
x (4√2)2 x
= [ √(4√2)2 − x 2 + × sin−1 ( )]
2 2 4√2 4
4√2 32 4√2 4 32 4
= [{ √(4√2)2 − (4√2)2 + sin−1 ( )} − { √(4√2)2 − (4)2 + sin−1 ( )}]
2 2 4√2 2 2 4√2
1
= 2√2 × 0 + 16 sin−1 (1) − 2√32 − 16 − 16 sin−1 ( )
√2
π π
= 16 ⋅ ( ) − 2√16 − 16 ⋅ ( )
2 4
= 8π - 8 - 4π = 4π - 8 (1)

∴ Required area = Area of region ODBO + Area of region DABD

= 8 + 4π - 8 – 4π sq units

pg. 24
Hence, the area of required region is 4 π sq units. (1)

Section E

Sol.36 (i) At x = 3,
P (3) = -6 (3)2 +120 (3) + 25000
= -54+ 360 + 25000 = Rs. 25306
(ii) P'(x) = -12x +120
P'(5) = -12 × 5+ 120 = -60 + 120 = 60
(iii) For strictly increasing, we must put P'(x) > 0
⇒ -12x + 120 > 0
⇒ 120 > 12x
⇒ x < 10

∴ x ∈ (0,10)
Or
P(x) = -6x2 + 120x + 25000
⇒ P'(x) = -12x + 120
For maximum profit, put P'(x) = 0
⇒ x = 10
Now P"(x) = -12 < 0

∴ At x = 10, profit function is maximum.

Sol.37 (i) Perimeter of rectangular floor

= 2 (length + breadth)
⇒ P = 2(l + b)
(ii) Area, A = length × breadth
A = l × b ...(i)
P
∵ P = 2(l + b) ⇒ 2 = l + b
From Eq. (i),
P − 2l
A = l( )
2
Pl−2l2
⇒A= 2
Pl−2l2
(iii) We have, A = 2

On differentiating w.r.t. l, we get

dA 1
= (P − 4l)
dl 2

pg. 25
 dA
For maximum area of floor, put =0
dl
1
∴ 2 (P − 4l) = 0
⇒ P − 4l = 0
P
⇒ l=
4
P d2 A
Clearly at l = 4 , dl2 = −2 < 0
P
∴ Area is maximum at l = 4 .
Or
We have A = l × b
P
For maximum area = 4
P−2l
Now, b = 2
[from part (ii)]
P P P P
= −l= − =
2 2 4 4
P P P2
∴ (A)max = l × b = × = sq units.
4 4 16

Sol.38 (i) Required probability = P(A)

A A A
= P(E1 )P ( ) + P(E2 )P ( ) + P(E3 )P ( )
E1 E2 E3
= 0.5 × 0.06 + 0.2 × 0.04 + 0.3 × 0.03
= 0.030+ 0.008+ 0.009 = 0.047
(ii) Required probability
E1
= P( )
A
E1
= 1 − P( )
A
A
P(E1 )P (E )
1
=1−[ ]
A A
P(E1 )P (E ) + P(E2 )P (E )
1 2
0.5 × 0.06
=1−[ ]
0.5 × 0.06 + 0.2 × 0.04 + 0.3 × 0.03
0.030
=1−[ ]
0.030 + 0.008 + 0.009
0.030
=1−
0.047
30
=1−
47
17
=
47

pg. 26
pg. 27