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History Notes - GR12 - Poland, Berlin Wall, Collapse of Ussr

These are History notes for matric students about the Cold War. They cover the most important events (in the form of a timeline) regarding Poland, the Berlin Wall, and the Collapse of the USSR.

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catoversfeld
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14 views2 pages

History Notes - GR12 - Poland, Berlin Wall, Collapse of Ussr

These are History notes for matric students about the Cold War. They cover the most important events (in the form of a timeline) regarding Poland, the Berlin Wall, and the Collapse of the USSR.

Uploaded by

catoversfeld
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‭ ost important events from Poland, the Berlin Wall, and the‬

M
‭Collapse of the USSR‬

‭●‬ 1 ‭ 970s: Protests in Poland against food price increases. These protests,‬
‭though suppressed, showed the resistance to the communist government.‬
‭●‬ ‭1979: Pope John Paul II visits Poland, inspiring hope and courage among the‬
‭Polish people to stand up for their rights.‬
‭●‬ ‭1980: Strikes in Poland lead to the formation of Solidarity, the first‬
‭independent trade union in the Soviet bloc.‬
‭●‬ ‭1980s (Mid): Mikhail Gorbachev introduces reforms in the Soviet Union:‬
‭○‬ ‭Glasnost (openness): Increased transparency and freedom of‬
‭information.‬
‭○‬ ‭Perestroika (restructuring): Economic and political reforms.‬
‭●‬ ‭1985: Geneva Summit: US President Reagan and Soviet leader Gorbachev‬
‭meet to discuss reducing Cold War tensions.‬
‭●‬ ‭1987:‬
‭○‬ ‭Washington Summit: Reagan and Gorbachev sign the INF Treaty, a‬
‭major arms control agreement.‬
‭○‬ ‭June 12: Reagan's "Tear Down This Wall" speech at the Brandenburg‬
‭Gate in West Berlin.‬
‭●‬ ‭1989: A pivotal year!‬
‭○‬ ‭Hungary opens its border with Austria, allowing East Germans to‬
‭escape to the West.‬
‭○‬ ‭Mass protests and demonstrations erupt across Eastern Europe,‬
‭including the Monday Demonstrations in Leipzig, East Germany.‬
‭○‬ ‭February: Polish Round Table Talks begin, leading to agreements for‬
‭political reforms.‬
‭○‬ ‭April 5: The Round Table Agreement is signed in Poland, legalizing‬
‭Solidarity and promising free elections.‬
‭○‬ ‭June: Partially free elections are held in Poland, with Solidarity winning‬
‭a majority of the freely contested seats.‬
‭○‬ ‭August 23: The Baltic Way (Baltic Chain) - a massive peaceful protest‬
‭for independence in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.‬
‭○‬ ‭October: Gorbachev visits East Germany and signals that the Soviet‬
‭Union will not intervene to suppress dissent.‬
‭○‬ ‭November 9: The Fall of the Berlin Wall! East Germany announces free‬
‭travel to West Berlin, and people flood across the border.‬
‭●‬ ‭1990:‬
‭○‬ ‭October 3: Reunification of East and West Germany.‬
‭○‬ ‭December: Lech Wałęsa becomes Poland's first freely elected‬
‭president.‬
‭●‬ ‭1991:‬
‭○‬ J‭ anuary: Soviet military action in Lithuania and Latvia attempts to‬
‭suppress nationalist movements.‬
‭○‬ ‭June: Boris Yeltsin is elected as the first President of the Russian‬
‭Federation.‬
‭○‬ ‭August 19-21: The August Coup: A failed attempt by hardline‬
‭communists to overthrow Gorbachev.‬
‭○‬ ‭December 25: Gorbachev resigns as President of the Soviet Union,‬
‭and the USSR is dissolved.‬
‭○‬ ‭The USSR is replaced by the Commonwealth of Independent States‬
‭(CIS).‬

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