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Conditionals

The document explains conditional sentences, also known as 'if clauses', which are statements that depend on certain conditions. It outlines four types of conditionals: Zero, First, Second, and Third, detailing their structures and uses with examples. The Zero Conditional describes general truths, the First Conditional discusses likely future events, the Second Conditional addresses improbable situations, and the Third Conditional reflects on past situations that did not occur.

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7 views6 pages

Conditionals

The document explains conditional sentences, also known as 'if clauses', which are statements that depend on certain conditions. It outlines four types of conditionals: Zero, First, Second, and Third, detailing their structures and uses with examples. The Zero Conditional describes general truths, the First Conditional discusses likely future events, the Second Conditional addresses improbable situations, and the Third Conditional reflects on past situations that did not occur.

Uploaded by

vivekvlsi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Condition

als

 Also called as “if clauses”


 Statements that run only under some
conditions
 “If it rains, the ground gets wet.”
 4 Types – Zero, First, Second and Third

The Zero Conditional

 Used for general truths and general


habits
 If + Present Simple…. Present Simple.
 “If you heat water to 100 degrees, it
boils.”
 Two present simple verbs (One in the ‘if
clause’ and one in the ‘main clause’.)
 The result of the if clause is the main
clause.

Example:

1. If I eat nuts, I get sick.


2. If you touch fire, you get burns.
3. If snakes are scared, they bite.
4. Babies cry if they are hungry.
5. If you don’t eat, you die.
The First Conditional

 Possible or likely things in the future


 If + Present simple, will + infinitive
(basic form of verb)
 If it rains, we won’t go to school.
 Simple present in the if clause and
future simple in the main clause.

Examples:

1. If she shouts at me, I will not talk to her.


2. If you do not score well in the exam,
you will not join us for the trip.
3. If I have enough money, I will buy new
pair of jeans.
4. You’ll be late if the train is delayed.
5. He will miss the flight if he doesn’t leave
now.
First vs Zero Conditional

First conditional describes a particular


situation, and the zero conditional describes
what happens in general.

First conditional:

If you sit in the sun, you will get burns. (I


am talking about what will happen
today, another day will be different).

Zero conditional:

If you sit in the sun, you get burns. (I am


talking about every time someone sits in
the sun).
The Second Conditional

 If + past simple …. Would + infinitive


 If I won the prize money, I would buy a new
car.
 Has two uses:
1. To talk about the things in the
future that are probably not going
to be true.
2. To talk about something in present,
which is
impossible, because it’s not true.

Examples:

1. If I topped the class, my father would gift


me a car.
2. She would travel all over the world if
she were rich. (In formal writing we can
use were in place of was for I,
HE/SHE/IT.)
3. If I had his number, I would call him.
4. She would pass the exam if she ever
studied.
First VS Second Conditional

Second conditional is more unlikely to


happen, it’s more
like a dream.

First conditional has chances of happening.

If I won lottery, I would buy a house and few


big cars. (Unlikely to happen as chances of
him winning a lottery is less).

If I work hard, I will top in my class.


(He can top in his classes, as he will work
hard).
Third Conditional

 Talks about the past.


 To describe a situation that didn’t
happen, and to
imagine the result of the situation
 If + past perfect, …. Would + have +
past participle
 If you had driven slowly, we would
have not met with an accident.
 We know that they met with an
accident as he drove fast but what if
he would have not.

Examples:

1. If he had worked, he would have


cleared the interview. (but, really we
know he didn't work and so he didn't
clear the exam)
2. My father would have been an athlete if
he had not met with an accident.
3. If I hadn't ran so much, I wouldn't have
broken my leg. (but I did run a lot, and
so I did broke my leg).
4. If we had taken a lift, we wouldn't have
missed the flight.

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