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CMY1501 - Lesson 5 (Unit 2.2.4)

The document discusses various methods of gathering crime data, including victim surveys, self-report studies, data mining, and crime mapping. Victim surveys help address unreported crime but have limitations, such as overlooking certain crimes and cultural perceptions. Self-report studies aim to capture offenders' activities but face challenges like dishonesty and underreporting, while crime mapping utilizes technology to analyze crime patterns geographically.

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13 views9 pages

CMY1501 - Lesson 5 (Unit 2.2.4)

The document discusses various methods of gathering crime data, including victim surveys, self-report studies, data mining, and crime mapping. Victim surveys help address unreported crime but have limitations, such as overlooking certain crimes and cultural perceptions. Self-report studies aim to capture offenders' activities but face challenges like dishonesty and underreporting, while crime mapping utilizes technology to analyze crime patterns geographically.

Uploaded by

yqkqrt4b7n
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Introduction to Criminology: Crime,

Offenders and Criminal Behaviour


(CMY1501)
Lesson 5: Study Unit 2.2.4, etc.
Prof. (Dr) Mahlogonolo Thobane
Crime information according to unofficial sources of
crime information: Victim Surveys
• Victim surveys provide an alternative way of generating data about crime (esp.
unrecorded crime).
• Ask samples of people directly about their experiences of crime.
• They are a way of addressing the “dark figure” of unreported crime.
• Ask people about the crimes they have experienced in the last year.
• Asks them about their attitude towards crime.
• Ask whether they fear crime and what measures they take to avoid it.
Victim Survey Limitations
• They don’t look at certain forms of crime where there is no direct or clearly
identifiable victim.
• They ignore different cultural perceptions that may affect respondents.
• Victims sometimes forget important facts if they are not questioned about
them soon after the event took place.
• Some victims think that nothing can be done about the matter and never
report it.
• Indirect victims (i.e., family members) do not report a crime as readily as
direct victims do.
• Victim surveys reflect the number of crimes but not the number of
offenders.
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DQxOTIwMA&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=4&fclid=0d449508-c4b4-61fe-09a9-
8022c5b46009&psq=victim+survey+2023&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc3RhdHNzYS5nb3YuemEvcHVibGljYXRpb25zL1A
wMzQxL0dQU0pTJTIwMjAyM18yNCUyMEZpbmFsJTIwUDAzNDElMjBWaWN0aW1zJTIwb2YlMjBDcmltZSUyMFJlbGVhc
2UlMjAlMjAucGRm&ntb=1
Self-Report Studies
• Surveys in which anonymous respondents, without fear of disclosure or arrest, are
asked to report confidentially any crime they have committed.
• Anonymity and confidentiality encourage criminals (official and non-official) to
describe their illegal activities accurately.
• Self-report aim to measure attitudes, values, personal characteristics and behaviours.
Self-Reported Studies Methodological Issues
• Unreasonable to expect people to openly admit to their illegal activities.
• Some people might lie about the severity of their acts, forget about some
of the crimes they have committed or be confused about what is being
asked.
• Males also tend to underreport their crime activities less honestly than
females.
• Self-report surveys may measure only non-serious, occasional delinquents
while ignoring chronic offenders.
• Techniques of verifying self-reported data are costly and time-consuming
(i.e., polygraphy test).
Data Mining

Identifies significant and


recognisable patterns, trends and
Can be used to predict future
relationships that are not
behaviour or events.
detected through traditional
techniques alone.
Crime Mapping
• Crime mapping employs modern technology such as Geographic
Information Systems (GIS) to map (visualise) and analyse patterns of
crime.
• Maps used to create graphic representations of the spatial
geography of crime.
• The geography of a city influences crime because the features and
characteristics of an area can make it easier or more difficult for crime
to occur.
• Police analysts combine geographic information with police reports
to display information on a computerised map to analyse where,
when, and how crime occurs.
Thank you!
Prof. (Dr) Mahlogonolo Thobane
kwadims@unisa.ac.za

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