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FullStack Extra9 OOPS

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, including core principles such as encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. It includes code examples in Python, Java, C++, and JavaScript to illustrate these concepts, along with a practice assignment for applying OOP principles in various programming languages. The document emphasizes the importance of classes and objects, constructors, and access modifiers in OOP.

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3 views2 pages

FullStack Extra9 OOPS

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, including core principles such as encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. It includes code examples in Python, Java, C++, and JavaScript to illustrate these concepts, along with a practice assignment for applying OOP principles in various programming languages. The document emphasizes the importance of classes and objects, constructors, and access modifiers in OOP.

Uploaded by

forflattrade293
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Full Stack Extension – OOPS Concepts

In-Depth Theory

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm centered around objects and classes.

■ Core OOP Principles:

1. Encapsulation:
- Bundling data and methods inside a class
- Restrict direct access using private/protected modifiers

2. Abstraction:
- Hide internal implementation and show only relevant features
- Achieved using abstract classes and interfaces

3. Inheritance:
- Enables one class (child) to inherit properties and behaviors from another (parent)
- Promotes reusability

4. Polymorphism:
- Ability to take many forms
- Overloading: same method name, different parameters
- Overriding: child class redefines parent method

5. Class vs Object:
- Class: blueprint for creating objects
- Object: instance of a class

6. Constructor:
- Special method used to initialize objects
- Can be overloaded

7. Access Modifiers:
- public, private, protected (C++, Java, C#)
- __ (Python for private by convention)

8. OOP in Practice:
- Python: everything is an object
- Java: strict class-based OOP
- C++: supports both procedural and object-oriented
- JavaScript: prototype-based OOP

Code Examples

■ Code Examples Across Languages

1. Python:
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name): self.name = name
def speak(self): print("Sound")

class Dog(Animal):
def speak(self): print("Bark")

2. Java:
class Shape {
void draw() { System.out.println("Draw Shape"); }
}
class Circle extends Shape {
void draw() { System.out.println("Draw Circle"); }
}

3. C++:
class Vehicle {
public:
void honk() { cout << "Beep!"; }
};

class Car: public Vehicle {


};

Car c;
c.honk();

4. JavaScript:
class User {
constructor(name) { this.name = name; }
greet() { console.log("Hi " + this.name); }
}

Practice Assignment

✍■ Practice Assignment - OOPS

1. Python: Create an abstract class Shape with area() method. Derive Rectangle and Circle.

2. Java: Create a class Employee with name, id and salary. Add constructor and getter methods.

3. C++: Implement method overloading and overriding in a single program.

4. JavaScript: Create a class Counter with methods increment(), decrement(), getCount()

5. Bonus:
- Implement multiple inheritance using mixins (in Python or JavaScript)
- Add access control using private/protected modifiers where possible

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