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CSC 209 Assign

The document provides an overview of four number systems: Decimal, Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal. It explains the characteristics, significance, and applications of each system in computing and mathematics. Each system is defined by its base, with Decimal as base-10, Binary as base-2, Octal as base-8, and Hexadecimal as base-16, highlighting their roles in technology and data representation.

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5 views3 pages

CSC 209 Assign

The document provides an overview of four number systems: Decimal, Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal. It explains the characteristics, significance, and applications of each system in computing and mathematics. Each system is defined by its base, with Decimal as base-10, Binary as base-2, Octal as base-8, and Hexadecimal as base-16, highlighting their roles in technology and data representation.

Uploaded by

ayomide
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name: Oroleke Rotimi Augustine

Matric Number: PT/23/0022


Course: Csc 209

write on Decimal, Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal Systems

DECIMAL SYSTEM:

In the decimal number system, the numbers are represented with base 10. The way
of denoting the decimal numbers with base 10 is also termed as decimal notation.
This number system is widely used in computer applications. It is also called the
base-10 number system which consists of 10 digits, such as, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Each
digit in the decimal system has a position and every digit is ten times more significant
than the previous digit. Suppose, 25 is a decimal number, then 2 is ten times more
than 5. Some examples of decimal numbers are:-

(12)10, (345)10, (119)10, (200)10

Decimal System: The Backbone of Modern Mathematics

- Universal Language: Used globally in science, finance, and everyday life.


- Simple yet Powerful: Easy to learn, yet capable of complex calculations.
- Base-10 Advantage: Efficient for arithmetic operations and conversions.
- Precision and Accuracy: Enables precise calculations and measurements.
- Essential for Technology: Used in computers, programming languages, and data
storage.
- Fundamental in Science: Critical for physics, chemistry, biology, and other scientific
fields.
- Financial Transactions: Used for money, interest rates, and financial calculations.

Binary System:
Binary is a number system that uses only two digits: 0 and 1.

Key Features:

1. Base-2: Binary is a base-2 number system, meaning it uses only two digits.
2. Binary Digits (Bits): Each digit in a binary number is called a bit.
3. Binary Code: Binary code is the representation of text, images, and other data
using binary numbers.

How Binary Works:


1. Bits and Bytes: Binary data is stored in bits (0s and 1s) and bytes (groups of 8 bits).
2. Binary Arithmetic: Binary arithmetic uses logical operations (AND, OR, NOT) to
perform calculations.
3. Binary Conversion: Binary numbers can be converted to decimal, hexadecimal,
and other number systems.

Importance of Binary:

1. Computer Language: Binary is the language of computers, used to write software,


apps, and operating systems.
2. Data Storage: Binary is used to store data in computers, smartphones, and other
digital devices.
3. Internet Communication: Binary is used to transmit data over the internet,
enabling online communication and information sharing.

Real-World Applications:

1. Computer Programming: Binary is used in programming languages like C, Java, and


Python.
2. Artificial Intelligence: Binary is used in AI and machine learning algorithms.
3. Cryptography: Binary is used in encryption algorithms to secure online
transactions and communication.

Octal System:

Octal is a number system that uses 8 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

Key Features:

1. Base-8: Octal is a base-8 number system.


2. Octal Digits: Each digit in an octal number can have 8 different values.
3. Conversion: Octal numbers can be easily converted to binary, decimal, and
hexadecimal.

How Octal Works:

1. Octal Arithmetic: Octal arithmetic uses the same rules as decimal arithmetic, but
with 8 digits.
2. Octal Representation: Octal numbers are often represented with a prefix "0o" to
distinguish them from decimal numbers.

Importance of Octal:

1. Computer Programming: Octal is used in some programming languages, like C and


Unix.
2. File Permissions: Octal is used to represent file permissions in Unix-based systems.
Hexadecimal System:

Hexadecimal is a number system that uses 16 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C,


D, E, and F.

Key Features:

1. Base-16: Hexadecimal is a base-16 number system.


2. Hexadecimal Digits: Each digit in a hexadecimal number can have 16 different
values.
3. Conversion: Hexadecimal numbers can be easily converted to binary, decimal, and
octal.

How Hexadecimal Works:

1. Hexadecimal Arithmetic: Hexadecimal arithmetic uses the same rules as decimal


arithmetic, but with 16 digits.
2. Hexadecimal Representation: Hexadecimal numbers are often represented with a
prefix "0x" to distinguish them from decimal numbers.

Importance of Hexadecimal:

1. Computer Programming: Hexadecimal is widely used in programming languages,


like C, Java, and Python.
2. Color Representation: Hexadecimal is used to represent colors in web
development and design.
3. Memory Addressing: Hexadecimal is used to represent memory addresses in
computer systems.

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