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Electric Potential - (Q & Ans)

The document contains a series of questions and answers related to electric potential, designed for 12th grade C.B.S.E/I.S.C students. It covers various concepts such as electric fields, potential differences, and electrostatic potential energy, along with assertions and reasoning questions. The document is structured into sections, each focusing on different aspects of electric potential and related calculations.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
57 views3 pages

Electric Potential - (Q & Ans)

The document contains a series of questions and answers related to electric potential, designed for 12th grade C.B.S.E/I.S.C students. It covers various concepts such as electric fields, potential differences, and electrostatic potential energy, along with assertions and reasoning questions. The document is structured into sections, each focusing on different aspects of electric potential and related calculations.

Uploaded by

sprateekkumar42
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric Potential - Q & Ans 12th C.B.S.E /I.S.

C (B-2) FM – 35 Marks
Sec – A (viii) A point charge q is rotated along a circle in the
electric field generated by another point charge Q.
01. Answer all questions [1 x 10 = 10] The work done by the electric field on the rotation
charge in one complete revolution is
(i) Electric potential at any point is V = -5x + 3y + 15 z, (a) zero (b) positive (c) negative
then the magnitude of the electric field is (d) zero if the charge Q is at the centre and nonzero
(a) 3 2 (b) 4 2 (c) 5 2 (d) 7 otherwise.
Ans. (d) Ex  V  5, Ey  V   3, and Ez   15 Ans. (a)
x y
Assertion & Reason
E E2x  E2y  E2z  52  (3)2  ( 15 )2  7
For question numbers ix & x, two statements are
given – one labeled Assertion (A) and the other
(ii) Two equal positive charges are kept at points A and labeled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to
B. The electric potential at the points between A and these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and
B (excluding these points) is studied while moving (d) as given below.
from A to B. The potential (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
(a) continuously increases explanation of A
(b) continuously decrease (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct
(c) increases then decrease explanation of A
(d) decreases then increases (c) A is true but R is false
Ans. (d) (d) A is false and R is also false

(iii)n small drops of the same size are charged to V volt (ix) Assertion (A) : If a point charge be rotated in a
each. If they coalesce to form a single large drop, circle around a charge, the work done will be zero.
then its potential will be : Reason (R) : Work done is equal to dot product of
(a) (V/n) (b) Vn (c) Vn1/3 (d) Vn2/3 force and displacement.
Ans. (d) Ans. (a) Work done will be zero because in rotating the
charge in a circle, force is along the radius and
(iv) In a uniform electric field, a charge of 3C direction of motion is perpendicular to it.
experiences a force of 3000 N. The potential  
 work done, W = F . S = FS cos = FS cos900 = 0
difference between two points 1cm apart along the
electric line of force will be :
(a) 10V (b) 100 V (c) 30 V (d) 300 V (x) Assertion (A) : Two adjacent conductors, carrying
Ans. (a) the same positive charge have no potential
difference between them.
(v) An electric dipole of moment P is placed in a uniform Reason (R) : the potential of a conductor does not
electric field E with P parallel to E. It is then rotated depend upon the charge given to it .
by an angle . The work done is Ans. (d) The potential of a conductor depends upon the
(a) pE sin  (b) pE cos  charge given to it and there exist a potential different
between two adjacent conductors.
(c) PE(1 - cos ) (d) pE(1- sin )
Ans. (c) Sec – B
(vi) Consider the situation of figure. The work done in 02. Answer all questions [2 x 5 = 10]
taking a point charge from P to A is W A, from P to B
is W B and from P to C s W C. (i) Why electrostatic potential is constant throughout the
volume of the conductor and has the same value as
on its surface ?
Ans.  Electric field intensity inside the conductor is zero.
(a) W A < W B < W C (b) W A > W B > W C So, electrostatic potential is constant.
(c) W A = W B = W C (d) none of these V
E
Ans. (c) r
E = 0, V = 0
(vii) The electric potential due to a uniformly charged V2 – V1 = 0, V2 = V1
sphere of radius ‘a’ at a point distant r outside the The potential at every point inside the conductor
sphere is remain same.
(a) directly proportional to a3
(ii) Why there is no work done in moving a charge from
(b) directly proportional to r
one point to another on an equipotential surface ?
(c) inversely proportional to a2 Ans. As work done in moving a charged particle from one
(d) inversely proportional to a3 point to another is defined as W = q(V)
4 3 On an equipotential surface V = 0
 a 
1 q 1 3   a3 Work done, W = 0
Ans. (a) V  
4  0 r 4  0 r

1
Electric Potential - Q & Ans 12th C.B.S.E /I.S.C (B-2) FM – 35 Marks
(iii)Can two equipotential surface intersect each other ? (ii) Two point charges 4Q, Q are separated by 1m in air.
Justify your answer. At what point on the line joining the charges is the
Ans. (i) No, two equipotential surfaces cannot intersect electric field intensity zero? Also calculate the
each other because two normals can be drawn at electrostatic potential energy of the system of
intersecting point on two surfaces which gives two charges, taking the value of charge, Q = 2 x 10-7 C.
directions of E at the same point which is impossible.
(ii) Also two value of potential at the same point is Ans. Let electric field intensity be zero at any point P lying
not possible. at a distance x metre from charge Q between the two
charges on the line joining them.
(iv) Two uniformly large parallel thin plates having
charge densities + and –  are kept in the XZ-plane
at a distance d apart. Sketch an equipotential surface
due to electric field between the plates. If a particle of Therefore, at point P, EA = EB
mass m and charge – q remains stationary between 1 Q
. 2 
1
.
4Q
the plates. What is the magnitude and direction of 4 0 x 4 0 (1  x )2
this field ? 1 4 1
Ans. -q charge experiences force in a direction opposite to  , x m
x 2
(1  x )
2
3
the direction of electric field.
Electric field intensity E is zero at a point lying
1
x  m from +Q charge on the line joining two
3
 -q charge balances when charges.
qE = mg Now, electrostatic potential energy
1 ( 4Q) (Q)
mg U
E 4 0 r
q
The direction of electric field along vertically 4 x (2 x 10 7 ) 2
U  9 x 10 9 x
downward direction. 1
Note : the X Z-plane is so chosen that the direction U = 1.44 x 10-3 J = 1.44 mJ
of electric field due to two plates is along vertically
downward direction, otherwise weight (mg) of charge Sec – D
particle could not be balanced.
Case study / passage based questions
Answer all questions [1 x 4 = 04]

04. Potential difference (V) between two points A and B


separated by a distance x, in a uniform electric field
E is given by V = -Ex, where x is measured parallel
to the field lines. If a charge q0 moves from P to Q,
(v) Two charges -q and +q are located at points A(0, 0, - the change in potential energy (U) is given as U =
a) and B(0, 0, +a) respectively. How much work is q0V. A proton is released from rest in uniform
done in moving a test charge from point P (7, 0, 0) to electric field of magnitude 4.0 x 108 Vm-1 directed
Q (-3, 0, 0) ? along the positive X-axis. The proton undergoes a
Ans. Every point on X-axis is on equatorial line of electric displacement of 0.25 m in the direction of E.
dipole (system of two unlike charges). Mass of a proton = 1.66 x 10-27kg and charge of
 Therefore, potential on it, is equal to zero. proton = 1.6 x 10-19C
No work is done in moving a test charge.
W = q V = q x 0 = 0.[ V = 0]

(i) The change in electric potential of the proton


between the points A and B is
(a) -1 x 108 V (b) 1 x 108 V
-19
(c) 6.4 x 10 V (d) -6.4 x 10-19 V
Ans. (a) As V =-Ex =-(4.0 x 10 V/m) (0.25 m) = - 108 V
8

Sec – C
(ii) The change in electric potential energy of the proton
03. Answer all questions [3 x 2 = 06] for displacement from A to B is
(a) 1.6 x 1011J (b) 0.5 x 1023J
(i) Find out the expression for the potential energy of a (c) -1.6 x 10 J (d) 3.2 x 1022J
-11

system of three charges q1, q2 and q3. Ans. (c) As U = q0V = (1.6 x 10-19) x (-1.0 x 108 V)
= -1.6 x 10-11 V

2
Electric Potential - Q & Ans 12th C.B.S.E /I.S.C (B-2) FM – 35 Marks
(iii)The mutual electrostatic potential energy between
two points which are at a distance of 9 x 10-15m, in
235
92 U nucleus is
(a) 1.56 x 10-14J (b) 5.5 x 10-14J
-14
(c) 2.56 x 10 J (d) 4.56 x 10-14J
Ans. (c) Here, q1 = q2 = 1.6 x 10-19 C, r = 9 x 10-15 m
9 x 10 9 x 1.6 x 10 19 x 1.6 x 10 19
U  2.56 x 10 14 J
9 x 10 15

(iv) If a system consists of two charges 4mC and -3mC


with no external field placed at (-5cm, 0, 0) and
(5cm, 0, 0)respectively. The amount of work required
to separate the two charges infinitely away from
each other is
(a) -1.1J (b) 2J (c) 2.5J (d) 3J
Ans. (a) Here, q1 = 4C, q2 = -3C, r = 10 cm = 0.1 m
Electrostatic potential energy,
1 q1 q2 4 x 10 6 x (3) x 10 6
U  9 x 10 9 x   1.1 J
4 0 r 0.1

Sec – E

Answer all questions [5 x 1 = 05]

05. Define electric potential. Derive an expression for it


at a point (a) on the axial line (b) on the equatorial
line of an electric dipole. [1+3+1]

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