Answer

Booklet
 Fun & Joy with Science-4
1. The Food We Eat 2. Dental Care and Our Digestive System
A. Tick () the correct answer. A. Tick () the correct answer.
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c)
5. (c) 6. (c) 5. (c)
B. Fill in the blanks. B. Fill in the blanks.
1. nutrients 2. Carbohydrates 3. protein 1. four 2. Molars 3. crown, root 4. Canines
4. anaemia 5. sufficient 6. Idli, Momos 5. dentine
C. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false C. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false
statements. statements.
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F
5. T 6. T 7. F
5. T
D. Match the following.
D. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. Food (a) Strong bones
1. They are the teeth a child has after two and a half
2. Calcium (b) Salad
years.
3. Iron (c) Energy
2. It is a yellow sticky layer of germs on teeth.
4. Deep freezing (d) Blood formation
3. Microbes are small living organisms visible under a
5. Roughage (e) Preservation of food
microscope.
E. Answer in a sentence or two.
4. There are 20 temporary teeth.
1. They are food substances essential for our body.
E. Answer in brief.
2. They build up our muscles and repair tissues.
1. Temporary teeth are found in a baby of about two
3. It helps the body to dissolve, digiest and absorb the
food. and a half years. They are 20 in total.
4. Iron and Calcium. Permanent teeth are teeth which grow in place of the
milk teeth. They are 32 in total.
F. Answer in brief.
1. The different components of food are carbohydrates, 2. Incisors are used for cutting the food. Canines are
proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals, roughage and sharp teeth which are used for tearing the food.
water. Premolars help to crack and chew food. Molars have
2. Roughage is essential for the digestion of food as it very broad surface to chew and grind the food.
helps to remove waste materials out of the body. 3. Crown is the visible part and Root is the invisible
3. A balanced diet is one which contains sufficient part. Crown is covered by the enamel which is white
amount of all the nutrients, roughage and water in in colour. The layer inside the enamel that forms the
the right proportion. main part of the the tooth is called Dentine. Inside
4. Boiling is used for cooking rice, pulses, potatoes dentine, the pulp is very soft and has blood vessels
and eggs. Frying is used for cooking fried potatoes, and nerves.
puris, chips, Roasting is used to cook chicken and 4. Food particles stuck in spaces that can cause the
brinjal. Baking is used to make cakes, biscuits. growth of bacteria and germs which form a sticky
Steaming is used to make idlis, dhoklas and momos. yellow layer called plaque. We should consume
5. If food is left at room temperature for some time, more calcium and Vitamin C to take care of our
then it gets spoiled and unsuitable for consumption. teeth, so that they may remain healthy and intact.
The methods of preservation are Drying, Pickling,
HOTS
Boiling, Bottling, etc.
If we consume calcium and vitamin C, then our teeth will
6. We should do exercise as it helps us to digest food
properly and stay healthy, strong and active. remain bacteria free.

HOTS 3. Clothes
1. Proteins are required in large quantity by growing
children and carbohydrates and fats are required by A. Tick () the correct answer.
people doing physical work. 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c)
2. She should have boiled the milk again in the afternoon. 5. (c)

Fun & Joy with Science-4 19

 B. Fill in the blanks. D. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. rain, dust, heat 2. animal skin 3. woollen 1. Matter is a substance that has weight and that
4. Cotton clothes 5. Dark coloured occupies space.
C. Match the following. 2. They are - solid, liquid, and gas.
1. Cotton (a) Worn by a professional 3. Solute is a solid that dissolves in a liquid, while
2. Wool (b) National dress of India solvent is a liquid in which a solute dissolves.
3. Rayon (c) Natural fibre 4. Substances which dissolve in a liquid are called
4. Uniform (d) Worn in winter soluble substances.
5. Sari (e) Synthetic fabric 5. Substances which do not dissolve in a liquid are
D. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false called insoluble substances.
statements. E. Answer in brief.
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T
1. They are the smallest substances of the matter. They
E. Answer in a sentence or two. have several arrangements which form solid, liquid
1. We wear clothes to protect ourselves from cold, heat and gas.
and rain.
2. (i) In gases, molecules are loosely packed.
2. We wear cotton clothes.
(ii) They have a very weak force of attraction.
3. Neem leaves, Mothballs.
F. Answer in brief. (iii) They don't have fixed volume.
1. We wear woollen clothes in winter as they keep us 3. Melting is the change of solid into liquid.
warm. Evaporation is the change of liquid into gas.
2. Natural fabric is the fabric that we get from plants 4. Condensation is the conversion of gas into liquid.
and animals. Wool, silk, fur, etc. are examples of Freezing is the change of liquid into solid.
natural fabric. 5. To make a solution, we need a solute and a solvent.
Synthetic fabric is fabric that is produced by mixing For example, we take sugar and water, dissolve
fibers with other materials. Nylon, rayon, etc. are sugar into water and thus get a solution.
examples of synthetic fabric.
HOTS
3. We should get expensive, woollen and silk clothes
dry-cleaned and we should keep mothballs or dried 1. Because even after dissolving, the sugar occupies the
neem leaves with woollen clothes. same space as before.
4. We can keep mothballs or dried neem leaves with 2. Because the molecules of gas are extremely loose so
woollen clothes, otherwise, they will be damaged by they rush quickly all around.
small insects like moths and silver fish. 3. Because iron can be melted into different shapes and
HOTS sizes.
1. It is a popular occupation in the mountains, as sheep
rearing provides wool and meat, both necessary for 5. Soil
keeping the body warm. A. Tick () the correct answer.
2. Because cotton is a soft, light and soothing cloth.
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c)
4. Solids, Liquids and Gases 5. (b)
A. Tick () the correct answer. B. Fill in the blanks.
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 1. soil 2. soil erosion 3. sand 4. rock
5. (a) 5. conservation
B. Match the following. C. Match the following.
1. Solid (a) Water
1. Crop rotation (a) Makes the soil fertile
2. Gas (b) Salty water
2. Clayey soil (b) Soil erosion
3. Solute (c) Hard
3. Loamy soil (c) Soil conservation
4. Solvent (d) Loosely packed
4. Floods (d) Contains sand and clay
5. Solution (e) Salt
C. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false 5. Humus (e) Can hold a lot of water
statements. D. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 1. Crop rotation is the growing of different types of
5. T crops in the same field.

20 Fun & Joy with Science-4

 2. Sandy Soil: F. Answer in brief.
(i) It is yellow in colour. (ii) It mainly contains sand. 1. First, water and minerals are absorbed by the roots,
then carbon dioxide is taken in through stomata.
Clayey Soil:
Leaves absorb sunlight with the help of chlorophyll
(i) It is found in beds. (ii) It is used for making pots. which is mixed with carbon dioxide and water to
Loamy Soil: make food.
(i) It contains sand and clay. 2. Stalk is the part by which a leaf is attached to the
stem. Leaf Blade is the flattened part of a leaf.
(ii) It is suitable for growing plants. Midrib is the main vein running along the middle
3. (a) When trees are cut down in large numbers then of a leaf.
wind and rain can easily carry away soil. 3. (i) They help plants to breathe through the stomata.
(b) Rohit cares for the nature and soil. (ii) They provide shape and colour to the plant.
E. Answer in brief. (iii) They have medicinal properties.
1. It is the breakdown of big pieces of rock into HOTS
tiny pieces by the heat of the sun, moving air and 1. Photosynthesis takes place during the day because
running water. When these tiny pieces mix with when the sun is not visible, the plants don't get sun-
light and due to this they cannot perform the process of
organic matter and minerals, soil is formed.
photosynthesis.
2. (i) Plant more and more trees. 2. Plants need more food, because if plants will increase,
(ii) Dams should be built to prevent floods. only then there will be food available for the animals.
(iii) Step farming should be practiced. 7. Adaptation in Plants
HOTS A. Tick () the correct answer.
Sandy soil is mixed with cement. 1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c)
5. (a)
6. Green Plants
B. Fill in the blanks.
A. Tick () the correct answer. 1. adaptation 2. terrestrial plants 3. evergreen
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 4. floating plants 5. Coconut
5. (c) C. Give one example for each of the following.
B. Fill in the blanks. 1. Hydrilla 2. Sundew 3. Lotus 4. Duckweed
1. chlorophyll 2. sunlight, water, Carbon dioxide D. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. Saprophytic plants don't make their own food but
3. photosynthesis 4. dependent
they absorb food from other dead plants and animals.
5. interdependence 2. We do not find a mango plant on the mountains
C. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false because mango plant grows only in moderate
statements. climate, while in mountains, there is cold climate.
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 3. Rice and wheat.
5. T 6. F E. Answer in brief.
1. Terrestrial plants are plants which grow on land.
D. Match the following.
They are found in different habitats like plains hilly
1. Stomata (a) Food factory of the plant areas, deserts, marshy areas.
2. Leaf (b) Through veins 2. Plants in marshy areas have roots above the ground
3. Chlorophyll (c) Tiny holes in the to get air as the soil is full of water. These roots are
called breathing roots.
underside of a leaf
3. Terrestrial plants grow on land, while aquatic plants
4. Glucose (d) Green substance that grow in water.
traps sunlight 4. Insectivorous plants are small plants that trap insects
5. Water (e) Stored food in plants and eat them as food. For example the pitcher plant
which catches insects inside the pitcher. When insect
E. Answer in a sentence or two. dies and breaks down and then, it is digested by the
1. It is midrib. plant. Insects get stuck on hair of sundew plant.
2. It is called chlorophyll. HOTS
3. Because only green leaves make food for the plant Inside the aquarium, tape weed should be kept as it is an
by the process of photosynthesis. underwater plant that doesn't block the sunlight.

Fun & Joy with Science-4 21

 8. Animals and their Young Ones 9. Adaptation in Animals
A. Tick () the correct answer. A. Tick () the correct answer.
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c)
5. (a) 5. (a)
B. Fill in the blanks. B. Fill in the blanks.
1. reproduction 2. mammals 3. continue 1. their surroundings 2. terrestrial animals 3. limbs
4. lungs 5. embryo 6. Parents 4. arboreal animals 5. scavengers
C. Match the following. C. Match the following.
Column A Column B 1. Elephant (a) Parasite
1. Mammals (a) Warmth 2. Crow (b) Camouflaging
2. Birds (b) Yolk 3. Chameleon (c) Extinct
4. Leech (d) Aerial
3. Incubation (c) Babies
5. Dodo (e) Terrestrial
4. The yellow part of the egg (d) Chick
D. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false
5. Hen (e) Egg-laying
statements.
D. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F
1. All living beings are born from their parents. 5. T
2. Various developing stages of an embryo are E. Answer in a sentence or two.
collectively called the life cycle.
1. They have a strong and pointed beak for tearing the
3. Incubation is the process of keeping eggs warm by flesh.
the mother animal.
2. Pandas.
E. Answer in brief. 3. It is the change of body colour according to the
1. It is the process of producing young ones of its own surroundings to confuse the enemies.
kind. It is by two ways – by giving birth to babies or F. Answer in brief.
by laying eggs.
1. Adaptation refers to the adapting of the animals to
2. They are animals which give birth to young ones, different types of surroundings to survive.
such as human beings, horse and lion. 2. Animals living in cold regions have thick fur on
3. Hatching is the breaking up of the eggs when the their body or a thick layer of fat called blubber to
babies are fully formed. keep them warm.
4. After laying eggs, the hen sits on the egg to give 3. They have sharp claws to climb up and down the
them warmth. On getting warmth, the chick forms branches of trees and a strong muscular and long tail
inside the egg's yolk and is called an embryo. Finally for holding on the branches.
it hatches out of the egg. 4. Herbivorous animals are animals which eat plants,
e.g., cow, zebra, etc. Carnivorous animals are
animals which eat animals, e.g., lion, tiger, etc.
5. They protect themselves in the following ways.
(i) By moving very fast.
(ii) By changing their body colour.
(iii) By hiding themselves.
HOTS
5. The egg's outer covering is called a shell, inside
1. Their wings are very small compared to their size, so
which, there is a sticky white fluid also called
they can't bear their weight.
albumen. Inside it is a yellow round yolk.
2. (i) Snakes are extremely flexible.
6. Mammals feed their babies with their own milk.
They teach them to find food and live on their own. (ii) They can survive in extreme conditions.
They also make houses to protect themselves from 3. Yes, the camel will survive as it will gradually adapt
enemies. itself to the cold desert.
HOTS 10. Circulatory System and Excretory System
1. No reproduction is necessary for sustaining life on A. Tick () the correct answer.
earth. 1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c)
2. 3 stages. 5. (c)
22 Fun & Joy with Science-4
 B. Fill in the blanks. 2. It is an opposite force which acts on the movement
1. organ systems 2. circulatory 3. blood of an object. It is produced when two bodies come
in contact. It depends upon the nature of surface.
4. vessels 5. ureters
3. We obtain energy from the sun by using solar panels
C. Match the following.
which convert sunlight into electricity. We obtain
Column A Column B energy from water by building dams, on whose
1. Blood (a) One pair turbines, the water falls from the height. Turbines
2. Heart (b) Stored in the urinary then rotate and produce electricity.
bladder 4. Energy obtained from wind is called wind energy. It
3. Kidneys (c) Medium to transport is found in every object which moves. It is captured
by wind mills, which produce electricity.
substances
HOTS
4. Urine (d) A muscular organ that
1. Because then there is no friction and friction is neces-
pumps blood sary to move the lid.
D. Answer in a sentence or two. 2. Because when we sleep or think or just stand at a place,
1. Circulatory system and Excretory system. we still remain in the same position. So, no work is
2. It is the system which transports substances done in terms of science, as we don't move.
throughout the body. Task
3. Heart, Blood, and Blood vessels. 1. (a) SCREW (b) PULLEY (c) WEDGE
E. Answer in brief. (d) LEVER (e) AXLE
1. It is responsible and essential for the transport of 2. (a)  (b) , ball (c) , cycle
oxygen and nutrients to all the cells, tissues and
12. Air, Water and Weather
organs of the body. This system includes the heart,
blood and blood vessels. A. Tick () the correct answer.
2. The process by which waste get removed from our 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b)
body is called excretion. 5. (a) 6. (a)
HOTS B. Fill in the blanks.
Because our body performs not only one, but many 1. evaporation 2. breeze 3. dew
functions. 4. humidity 5. evaporates
11. Work, Force and Energy C. Match the following.
A. Tick () the correct answer. 1. Rotation of the earth (a) Drinking
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 2. Land breeze (b) Water vapour
5. (b) changes into water
B. Fill in the blanks. 3. Use of water (c) Day – night
1. Gravitational 2. smooth, rough 3. Energy 4. Condensation (d) Kills germs
4. easier, faster 5. Solar energy 5. Boiling (e) At nights
C. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false D. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false
statements. statements.
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T
5. F 5. F 6. T
D. Answer in a sentence or two. E. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. Force is a push or pull acting on an object. 1. On sunny days, the water in the wet clothes
evaporates quickly.
2. Frictional and gravitational force.
2. Boiling of water.
3. Work is done when an object is moved from its
place. 3. It is the change of water into water vapour on
heating.
E. Answer in brief.
4. Clouds are formed by condensation.
1. Gravitational force is the force which attracts objects
towards the centre of the earth. If gravity did not F. Answer in brief.
existed, then we all would be floating in the air. 1. It is the condition of a particular place at a particular
Everything which goes up, falls back to the ground time. Its elements are wind, air pressure, moisture,
because of gravity. temperature and clouds.

Fun & Joy with Science-4 23

 2. (i) Morning and evening feel cool as then the sun's 2. Satellite is a free-flying object which revolves
rays are slanting. around a planet. Earth's natural satellite is the Moon.
(ii) Revolution of earth around sun causes seasons 3. Stars are huge balls of gases.
and rotation of earth causes days and nights. F. Answer in brief.
(iii) Wind blows due to the sun. 1. It is a group of the sun, the eight planets and their
(iv) Sun changes the water into its three states. satellites and other heavenly bodies.
3. Land breeze is a coastal breeze blowing from the 2. Constellation is a group of stars. For example the
land towards the sea. It occurs at night. Great Bear, Orion, etc.
Sea breeze is a coastal breeze blowing from the sea 3. There are 5 phases of the moon- Full moon, Gibbous
towards the land. It occurs at day. moon, Half moon, Crescent moon and New moon.
4. The ground water gets evaporated from lakes, ponds,
rivers, oceans and other water bodies. It condenses
and falls as rain, snow, etc. in the water bodies
again. This entire process is called water cycle. 4. The earth has two movements, namely – Rotation
5. Filtration : It is the process in which water is and Revolution.
cleaned by passing it through a filter paper. Rotation : It is the spinning of the earth on its own
Chlorination : In this method, chlorine is added to axis. Rotation takes 24 hours to complete and it also
water to kill germs. causes day and night.
Boiling : Boiling the water for 10 to 15 minutes Revolution : It is the movement of the earth around
kills the germs present in the water. the sun. It takes 365 days and 6 hours to complete
Sedimentation : It is the settling down of the one revolution. This movement causes different
impurities. seasons in a year.
Decantation : It is the process of slowly separating HOTS
pure water by pouring the clean water into another We would take woolen clothes with us because when it is
vessel. summer in India in the Northern Hemisphere, there would
6. When air is humid, our body becomes sticky and we be winter in Australia, as it lies in the Southern Hemi-
feel very uncomfortable as the sweat of our body sphere.
doesn't evaporate.
14. Keeping the Earth Clean
HOTS
A. Tick () the correct answer.
These drops are called dew, which are formed due to the
condensation of water in the form of droplets. 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b)
5. (c)
13. The Solar System
B. Fill in the blanks.
A. Tick () the correct answer. 1. biotic components 2. breathing 3. germs
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a) 4. soil 5. oxygen
B. Fill in the blanks. C. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statements.
1. Mercury 2. path 3. Venus 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T
4. Jupiter 5. constellation 6. Autumn 5. T
C. Match the following. D. Answer in a sentence or two.
1. Evening star (a) Saturn 1. Living and non-living things are the two components
2. Red planet (b) Earth of the environment.
3. Seven rings (c) Mars 2. It refers to the mixing of harmful substances in air,
4. Blue planet (d) Mercury water or land, that can cause harm to living beings.
5. Very hot planet (e) Venus 3. Waste dumped on land is one cause of land pollution.
D. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for false 4. Jaundice and diarrhoea.
statements. E. Answer in brief.
1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 1. The containants or impurities that pollute air, water
5. F and land are called polluntants.
E. Answer in a sentence or two. 2. It is caused by the poisonous gases emitted by
1. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus the vehicles and factories and also the bursting of
and Neptune. firecrackers.

24 Fun & Joy with Science-4

 3. Biodegradable waste are those which get mixed with Model Test Paper - 2
the soil and decompose easily. A. Short answer type questions.
Non-biodegradable wastes are those which do not
1. It refers to the process in which the mother animal
mix with the soil or do not decompose easily.
sits on her eggs to keep them warm.
HOTS
1. Yes, because disposal of plastics is a major problem in 2. It is a place in which an animal lives.
the conservation of environment. 3. It is the change of the body colour to resemble the
2. Resin, wood, spices, fruits and vegetables. colour of the surroundings.
Model Test Paper - 1 4. Heart, Blood, Blood vessels.
A. Short answer type questions. 5. Frictional Force, Gravitational Force.
1. It is diet which contains sufficient amount of all the
B. Long answer type questions.
nutrients, roughage and water in the right proportion.
2. They are very small organisms visible to us only 1. Land breeze blows from the land towards the sea.
through microscope. It occurs at night. Sea breeze blows from the sea
3. Because they make us feel good and they reveal our towards the land. It occurs at day.
personality before others. 2. It is a group of the sun, the eight plants and their
4. They are the smallest substances of matter. They satellites and other heavenly bodies.
have many arrangements which make solid, liquid
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus
and gas.
and Neptune.
5. It is the growing of different types of crops in the
same field to maintain the fertility of soil. 3. Earth has two movements:
B. Long answer type questions. Rotation and Revolution.
1. (i) More and more trees should be planted. Rotation : It is the spinning of the earth on its own
(ii) Crop rotation should be practiced. axis. It causes day and night.
(iii) Dams should be built to prevent floods. Revolution : It is the movement of the earth around
2. (i) It helps plants to breathe through stomata. the sun. It causes different seasons in a year.
(ii) It gives shape and colour to the plant.
4. It is mixing of poisonous gases in air. We can prevent
(iii) Some leaves also have medicinal properties. air pollution by:
3. (i) They give out oxygen.
(i) Using vehicles run on non-polluting fuels.
(ii) They are the main source of food.
(ii) Fitting tall chimneys with filters in factories.
(iii) They are used to make medicines.
(iv) They are used to decorate our houses. C. Fill in the blanks.
4. The oxygen given by the plants during the process of 1. oxygen 2. constellation 3. breeze
photosynthesis is used by human beings and animals 4. faster, easier 5. Force
for breathing.
D. Define the following.
C. Tick () the correct answer.
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 1. Simple machine is a tool which help us to perform
D. Match the following. difficult tasks.
1. Solid (a) green pigment in leaves 2. It is an organ system which helps in getting rid of
2. Gas (b) stored food of plants wastes present inside our body.
3. Chlorophyll (c) loosely packed 3. They eat dead animals as their food.
4. Starch (d) neither very cold nor 4. Pollution refers to the mixing of harmful substances
very hot in air, water or land, that can cause harm to living
5. Moderate (e) hard beings.
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Fun & Joy with Science-4 25