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1.03 SPC&Control Charts

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a method that utilizes statistical techniques to monitor and control a process, ensuring it operates at its full potential. It involves collecting data from the process, plotting it on control charts, and analyzing it to identify variations and maintain quality. Successful implementation of SPC requires a structured approach and must be integrated at the shop floor level to effectively prevent defects and improve process quality.

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2 views10 pages

1.03 SPC&Control Charts

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a method that utilizes statistical techniques to monitor and control a process, ensuring it operates at its full potential. It involves collecting data from the process, plotting it on control charts, and analyzing it to identify variations and maintain quality. Successful implementation of SPC requires a structured approach and must be integrated at the shop floor level to effectively prevent defects and improve process quality.

Uploaded by

A7sas49 A7sas49
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPC and Control Charts

EFESO © 1999 - 2015


What does Statistical Process Control (SPC) mean?

Statistical Process Control

 measure "few things"  define the important


(samples) conditions
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
 gather information about the  check constantly
process stage performance
 maintain and improve

 take samples
Act on some controllable Measurement  understand data distribution
parameters
 analyse the variability
causes … and eliminate
them

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -2-


How SPC works?

 Simple statistics, calculated from


samples, taken periodically from a
process, are plotted as points on the
control chart
 The statistical behaviour of the points is
checked against pre-calculated limits
and certain patterns of configuration,
typical of data taken from a statistical
distribution
 A control chart enables us to determine
when a process is, or is not, in
statistical control

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -3-


Statistical process control is a powerful tool for process quality
improvement driven by operators

 Implementing SPC means choosing Prevention Versus Detection


 SPC, together with capability improvement, leads to quality excellence
 SPC must be introduced at shop floor level
 Statistical Process Control is applicable if the process is under control, and thus
predictable
 Implementation is done in 5 steps

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -4-


Implementing SPC means choosing Prevention Versus Detection

Safe/ confident

Statistical
Process
Control

Correction Prevention

 Detection = controlling attitude change


the quality of the
Product towards prevention
products through
inspection and inspection
screening is wasteful,
uneconomical and
unreliable.

 If defects are produced,


some will always be
received by the Unsafe/ not confident
customer
1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -5-
SPC, together with capability improvement, leads to quality
excellence

SPC allows a process to be brought under


control and to:
 Measure the product quality and its
variation within a set time.
 compare the performance of the process Capability
improvement
both at a glance and at intervals.
 monitor process stability and detect
process changes.
 receive an early warning of potential SPC
problems before they generate defective
products or machine downtime.
 gauge the effects of process or material
changes on a real-time basis
 understand if the process is stable or not,
and if it varies naturally between the limits.
 decide when to act and when not to.

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -6-


SPC must be brought to the shop floor level

What SPC is: What SPC is not:


The use of data to control our process a scientist’s hobby

Operators must understand that with SPC they have the means to influence
process quality
 to react in real time
 to analyse causes of variation

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -7-


Statistical Process Control is applicable if the process is under
control and thus predictable

The output of the process must be statistically predictable:


 The special causes must be identified and eliminated
 Natural variability is admitted….and can be represented
by normal distribution: averages are within control limits
Forecast

If only common causes


are present, the output of the
process follows a stable distribution
in time, and therefore is a
predictable one ?
Size ? ?
? ?
? ?
? ?
? ? ? ?

If special causes
are present, the output of the
process is not stable in time,
therefore it is not predictable

Size

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -8-


The output of the process must be statistically predictable

 Statistically predictable means that the process


output is following (consistently over time) a
statistical distribution
 If this is not true, output is not predictable
thus SPC cannot be applied and single part
control must be done instead
 Some statistical references
– Measurable characteristics control charts
(X, R) are based on Normal distribution
(Gauss curve)
– Attribute characteristics control charts are based
on Binomial distribution (np and p charts: the
defect could either be present or not) or on
Poisson distribution (c and u charts: the specific
probability to have an event)

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 -9-


Implementation is done in 5 steps

1. Prepare the analysis


2. Gather data
3. Plot the control chart
4. Diagnose the control chart
5. Improve the process and update parameters

SPC Game - The Ball Buster Launch Company

1.0 SPC&Control charts EFESO © 1999 - 2015 - 10 -

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