COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

FINAL EXAMINATION
in
FACILITATING LEARNER-CENTERED TEACHING: THE LEARNER-CENTERED APPROACHES
First Semester A.Y. 2024 - 2025

Name: ________________________________________ Year & Program: _______________

General Instructions:
1. Read each of the following questions and answer truthfully.
2. Be HONEST and do not cheat. It is not us who you are cheating, it is yourselves whom you are cheating.
3. Cheating = 0
Test I. Multiple choice: Direction: Analyze each item carefully and circle the letter of the best answer.
1. This refers to a higher order thinking skill which involves active awareness and control over the cognitive processes
engaged in learning.
a. Creativity b. Metacognition c. Cognition d. Problem Solving

a. Cognitive psychologists have

studied the distinctions among
learners in the
b. manner they absorb or process
information. The most important
factor that
c. separated novice and expert
learners is
d. Cognitive psychologists have
studied the distinctions among
learners in the

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 e. manner they absorb or process
information. The most important
factor that
f.separated novice and expert
learners is
a. The term metacognition is
attributed to Flavell. It simply
means
b. a. “thinking about thinking” c.
“Learning how to learn”
c. b. “active awareness and control
over the d. All of the above
d. cognitive processes
2. Metacognitive knowledge is the result of an individual’s metacognitive experiences. It is divided into three categories:
a. Knowledge of person variables, task variables, strategy variables.
b. Knowledge of person variables, task variables, action variables
c.Knowledge of personality variables, task variables, strategy variables
d. Knowledge of person variables, training variables, strategy variables
3. This is a helpful strategy in developing metacognitive skills.
a. Identifying what you know and what you do not know
b. Identifying the task to be done
c. Laughing and thinking out loud
d. Keeping a journal

e.Huitt believes that metacognition

includes the ability to ask and
answer the

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 f.following types of questions.
Which question does not
manifest metacognition?
g.a. What do I know about this
subject, topic, issue?
h.b. Do I know what I need to
know?
i.c. Do I know where I can go to
get some information,
knowledge?
j.d. Do I have the amount of
money needed to learn?
4. Huitt believes that metacognition includes the ability to ask and answer the following types of questions. Which
question does not manifest metacognition?
a. What do I know about this subject, topic, issue?
b. Do I know what I need to know?
c.Do I know where I can go to get some information, knowledge?
d. Do I have the amount of money needed to learn?
5. In the strategy variables of metacognitive knowledge, if your strategy to learn is not working you can involve and
employ
a. Meta-attention and Meta-memory
b. Meta-attention and Meta-recognition
c. Meta-memory and inquiry
d. None of the above
6. Being aware that it will take more time for you to read and comprehend a book in educational philosophy than it would
for you to read and comprehend a novel, is an example of what variables in metacognition.
a. Strategy variables b. Task variables c. Person variables d. All of the above
7. The following are indicators of a novice learner EXCEPT:
a. Promptly gives solution to a problem
b. Attempts to process all information they receive
c.Design new strategies appropriate for the tasks
d. Isolates each knowledge in different subject area

e. Researches have shown that

metacognition awareness was
evident in children
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 f.as young as preschoolers.
Children are believed to have the
capacity to be
g. aware and reflective of their own
______.
h. a. learning b. skills
c. personality d.
i.responsibility
8. You know that it is hard for you to understand Math; thus, when taking exams, you prefer to take it last. This is an
example of _________ variable
a. Person b. strategy c. task d. work
a. Internalization of ideas results to better understanding.
b. Teachers must draw the learner’s ideas and skills.
c.Teachers should appeal to their student’s acquisition of ideas
d. Learning is maximized if feeling and thoughts are in harmony.
9. This is the modification of a behavioral tendency by experience.
a. Metacognition b. Perception c. Learning d. Schema
10. Teachers should present a few ideas in depth rather than discuss many topics superficially. This implies that:
a. A teacher must have deep understanding of every topic that he/she discusses.
b. Teachers must be able to identify which topic is more crucial and which is not
c.Mastery learning should be the topmost priority in the classroom
d. Quality of instruction must be considered over its quantity
11. Based on Piaget’s cognitive theory of development, what should a teacher provide for children in the sensorimotor
stage?
a. games and other physical activities to develop motor skills
b. learning activities that involve problems of classification and ordering
c.activities of hypothesis formation
d. stimulating environment with ample objects to lay with
12. Which of the following strategies would Piaget recommend for assisting preschool children in learning about flowers?
a. Create a learning center that contains familiar wildflowers for children to play with in open-ended ways, so that
novelty is assimilated.
b. Encourage parents to provide children with nature walks in the neighborhood or a park, so that learning is
connected to real-life family experiences.
c.Create a learning center with unusual flowers that create puzzlement and cause children to alter their understanding
of what flowers are.
d. Create a learning center with unusual flowers that children can touch and name in an open-ended fashion.
13. Lito is very aloof and cold in his relationships with classmates. Which basic goal must have been attained by Lito
during his development year according to Erickson’s theory on psychological development?
a. Autonomy b. trust c. initiative d. generativity
14. What is the best way to handle a child who cannot seem to stay put in one place?
a. ignore him
b. find out if he has a learning difficulty
c.give him more work than the others
d. tell him to go back to his seat
15. The stages of psychosocial development are very relevant, highly regarded and meaningful theory. The concept of
trust vs. mistrust; autonomy vs. shame &doubt and initiative vs. guilt are most closely related with the works of?
a. Erickson b. Piaget c. Freud d. Bruner
16. The key theme of Vygotsky’s theory is that social interaction plays a very important role in cognitive development.
What is an application of Vygotsky’s idea of scaffolding?
a. Give the learner a task that challenge her ability
b. From the start leave the learner to herself because she has the power for self-learning

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 c.Don’t spoil the learner by doing what she ought to do
d. Give the learner the necessary assistance until she can be on her own
17. Mrs. Belen believes that students need not know the intended learning outcome of her lesson. She proceeds to her
learning activities at once without letting them know what they are supposed to learn for the day. Which principle of
learning does Mrs. Cruzado negate?
a. Effective learning begins with setting clear expectations and learning outcomes
b. Learning is an active process
c.Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning of ideas
d. Learning is a cooperative and a collaborative process.
18. Susan Morse stressed that “The classroom can provide more than just theory given by a teacher in a lecture. With
student diversity the classroom becomes a public ‘place’ where community is practiced.” Which statement best
summarizes the above quotation?
a. Student diversity contributes to cognitive development.
b. Student diversity can promote harmony.
c.Student diversity prepares learners for their role as responsible members of the society
d. Student’s self-awareness is balanced by diversity
19. In the context of learning styles, Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences has introduced the idea that
individuals possess various types of intelligences that shape how they learn. Which of the following statements
accurately summarizes this theory?
a. Intelligence is uniform and can be measured solely through standardized testing.
b. Different individuals may have strengths in different areas, such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, or spatial
intelligences, influencing their learning preferences.
c.All students learn the same way, regardless of their interests or skills.
d. Learning styles are not relevant to educational outcomes.
20. When teaching a diverse classroom, it is essential to recognize that not all students benefit from the same
instructional methods. Research suggests that accommodating different learning styles can lead to improved
engagement and retention. Which of the following strategies would be most effective in addressing this
diversity?
a. Relying solely on lectures and textbooks for instruction.
b. Incorporating a variety of teaching methods, such as group work, visual aids, and practical exercises.
c. Standardizing all lessons to follow a rigid format.
d. Focusing exclusively on auditory learning activities.
21. Which of the following is an effective strategy for supporting students with ADHD?
a. Limiting their movement in class
b. Providing visual aids and structured routines
c. Using only lecture-based instruction
d. Avoiding group activities
22. Every time Sarah’s dog hears the sound of the doorbell, it runs to the door excitedly, expecting a visitor. Over time, the
dog starts to associate the sound of the doorbell with getting treats from visitors. What type of conditioning is this an
example of?
a. Operant conditioning
b. Classical conditioning
c. Social learning
d. Observational learning
23. A child learns that certain behaviors, like sharing toys, lead to positive responses from peers, while other behaviors,
like being aggressive, lead to negative reactions. This type of learning based on the consequences of actions reflects
which key concept in connectionism?
a. Observational learning
b. Classical conditioning
c. Law of effect
d. Insight learning
24. A teacher uses a reward system in her classroom where students earn points for good behavior and can exchange
these points for prizes at the end of the week. This approach is an example of which of Skinner's principles?
a. Negative reinforcement
b. Punishment
c. Positive reinforcement
d. Classical conditioning
25. Teacher Czarina noticed that one of her pupils cannot sit and cannot play quietly. Teacher Czarina suspects that the
pupil has Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). What appropriate action she should do?
a. Discuss with the parents
b. Refer the student to the psychologist
c. Ignore the student and continue teaching
d. Punish the pupil for misbehaving in the class
26. What is the contemporary perspective on the effects of reinforcement and punishment on learning?
a. Reinforcement and Punishment have direct effects on learning
b. Reinforcement has indirect effects, Punishment has direct effects

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 c.Reinforcement and Punishment have indirect effects on learning
d. Reinforcement has direct effects, Punishment has indirect effects
27. What is the primary focus of Albert Bandura's social learning theory?
a. The role of punishment in shaping behavior
b. The influence of genetic factors on learning
c. The process of how individuals learn through observing and imitating others (correct)
d. The impact of rewards on motivating behavior
28. Which of the following best describes the central idea of Gestalt psychology in learning?
a. Learning occurs through passive absorption of information.
b. Learners process information in isolated parts rather than as wholes.
c. Learners perceive and understand information as a whole, rather than in fragmented parts.
d. The mind only processes information through direct sensory input.
29. According to Information Processing Theory, information is typically processed in which of the following stages?
a. Perception, reaction, and feedback
b. Encoding, reinforcement, and retrieval
c. Observation, imitation, and modeling
d. Sensory input, working memory, long-term memory
30. In Gagné’s framework, which of the following is the condition for the learner to retain information in long-term memory?
a. Providing practice and feedback
b. Reviewing the material at spaced intervals
c. Encouraging active participation in the learning process
d. Reinforcing learning through reward systemsEssay:

Test II. Essay - Answer the following questions. Your answer must not be less than 5 sentences but not
more than 10 sentences.
31-40. Explain the difference between teacher-centered and learner-centered teaching.
41-45. What have you learned from this subject that will help you in your future teaching?
46-50. What have you learned from your instructor that will help you in your future teaching?

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