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7 views18 pagesChap-11 Trigonometric Ratios - D2
The document discusses trigonometric ratios in right-angled triangles, defining sine, cosine, and tangent, and their applications in calculating unknown sides and angles. It includes worked examples and exercises for evaluating trigonometric functions using calculators, as well as real-life applications such as measuring heights and distances using angles of elevation. The content emphasizes the importance of these ratios in solving geometric problems involving right-angled triangles.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
7 views18 pagesChap-11 Trigonometric Ratios - D2
The document discusses trigonometric ratios in right-angled triangles, defining sine, cosine, and tangent, and their applications in calculating unknown sides and angles. It includes worked examples and exercises for evaluating trigonometric functions using calculators, as well as real-life applications such as measuring heights and distances using angles of elevation. The content emphasizes the importance of these ratios in solving geometric problems involving right-angled triangles.
Uploaded by
shahzaibakhtar5000Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 18
—
Trt ead investigation, we observe that for
atios in Step 3 and Step 6 are alvy
from i ANY Wo simifa
wetnee NS nah lt fight angled triangles,
B
epocane hypotenuse
é
adjacent a
g. 11.2 |
| inatriangle ABC, if 2c = 90°,
aoe
then 4 ts called the sine of 24, or sin 4 =P?
AC Ki f os
ag ip is called the cosine of 24, or cos a= 244
ic hyp’
se “a fis called the tangent of 2A, or tan A= ee
fea oa adj
‘These three ratios are known as trigonometric ratios and they are numbers without
any units because they are ratios of one length to another length
‘Ako, since ABC is a right-angled triangle, ZA is an acute angle,
ie. 0” < ZA < 90°, Hence, the definitions of trigonometric ratios only apply fo acut
angles in a right-angled triangle.
Consider AXYZ where 2X = 50°
LX the same as those of ZA in the previous investiga
1se0550°= cos 30°? fs tan 50° = tan 30°? In other words
on the value of the angle? Explain your answer.
‘Sem ra
‘and ZY = 90°. Are the trigonometric ratios of
1, i.e. is sin 50° = sin 30°?
do trigonometric ratios depend
S
Toremembot the hee
sett se the meric TOA
CAHSOH where g
TOA copes tan = SE
+ CAM represents cos=
4+ 90H represents sin=
Ratios Chapter 11 8 ¥
Worked
Example
Use of a Calcul uate Tr
» each of the following,
Use a calculator to evaluate
(a) sin 32° (b) cos 15.3"
(d) 2sin 37" +5 tan 56
(©) tan 25.96"
3 cos 57
© cosa8T (0 SqaGs + tan 264°
Solution:
{@) Sequence of calculator keys:
The sa
in woreda
Det Age
pect Scena
‘Overcast
sing a diferent
Exercise TA Queso
Slash)
| Ka
h of the following right-angled triangles,
value of
Gi) cos A,
Gv) sin B,
(vitan B.
each of the following right-angled triangles,
write down an expression for
® sin, Gi) cos P,
Git) an P, (visin@.
cos 0, (vi)tan @,
in terms of x, y and/or 2
@ p xem Re
zem us
oe
)
zem
2
Use a calculator to evaluate each of the following.
(@) tan 47" (b) sin 75.3"
(© cos 30.19" (d) sin 35° + cos 49"
(©) 2cos 42.3" +3 sin 16.8"
(8) sin 71.6" x tan 167°
Pinon uve) 1:
se
Use a calculator to evaluate each of the following.
Stan 614° A(sin 225°)
@ 20s I ) cos 67,
tan 15° + cos 33° tan 47.9"
© “ane © Soeromer
0s 67" + sin 89" sin24.6" + cos 62.1°
© GnedxcosisS “wands cos
sin 57° ~ cos 7¥ 0s 24.7" xsin 35.1
@ janissxsingsd ©) ~ans7— costs
Trigonometric Ratios Chapter 11 8 Applications of
Trigonometric Ratios to
9) Find Unknown Sides of
y Rig ht-Angled Triangles
Frriate how trigonometric ration 276 Used to find
the lengths ofthe unknown sides of right-angled tansles
Worked [Use of Sine Ratio
Example 2 | Pejeulee the value ofthe unknown in each ofthe following
right-angled triangles
‘
a) B b)
Exercise 118 Quesion 13+ le y In AXYZ, £2 = 90°. Given that ZX = 58" and XZ = 12 m,
calculate the length of XY.
=209m(to3 sf)
£Z=90°. Given that £X = 58° and XZ = 4.9 m, find the length of XY. Exercise 118 Questions 2a)~b)
ez
Trigonometric Ratios Chapter 11 ® , ms
Or R90 iGwven that 2P = 42 and PR = 15cm,
ii
Grrculate the length of OF:
ei? 1
‘o ai
Given that ZP = 53° and PR= 20cm, find the length of QR. ***Cise 11B Question 3.5,
p__20cm_ oR
se
Q
X= 35" and ¥Z= 12m, find the length of XZ.
wi =
ind the length of taint
m, find cA Eo aa
shows a quadrilateral PORS where ZPOR = LPRS = 90". Given that
ZOPR = 46" and ZPSR = 48", find
of PQ,
Ol
f the quadrilateral PORS,
ilateral PORS. | lue of the unknown i
ge " amet a re in each of the find the values of the unknowns in each of the
Md cay following right-angled triangles.
acm
Wem
om
bem
¢|
16cm, eee
i)
Tom
A ecnt
Tem,
Q&S fom *
ue of the unknown in each of the wee
-angled triangles.
89cm
Trigonometric Ratios Chapter 11 o
ye value of the unknown in each of the
ig right-angled triangles.
fa)
tb)
)
d) 7, A figure VWXYZ. is made up of th
triangles. Given that VW = oe “thang,
LVKW= LVYZ= 90", LVWX= 63", 7 Wey
@ the perimeter, “Ves
(i) the area,
of the figure.
8 Ify is inversely proportional to (tan x? ang
when x= 30°, find the value of y when tisas
of ris doubled. ar (©) cos y* = 5:7
B
aye ov" ($2)
B
64.0" (to 1 d.p.)
4.0
of the i
unknown in each of the following rightangled triangles. See ea
(b)
(Using Trigonometric Ratios to Find an Unkno
and the Length of an Unknown Side
In ABC, AB = 14 m, BC =6 mand ACB =90". H lies on
AC such that ZBHC = 45°. Calculate
@ ZBAC, Gi) the length of AH.
Angle ie
Use a calculator to find each of the followin
angles, given its trigonometric ratio, :
(a) sinA=0527 —(b) 008 B =0.725
une
Find the value of the unknown in each of the
jollowing right-angled triangles,
fa)
12em| aa
ae fess
(b) <|
O
© cr
. tem
re
@
17.6 cm
———_____ Trigonometric Ratios Chapter 11 ° 3. The figure shows a quadrilateral ABCD where 6. The figure shows a triangle STU where 7
ZABC = ZBCD = 90°. Given that AB = 4 m and H lies on TU such that the length of 7
oe of the length of HU and ZSHU = 99°
0 ' Gi the length of BC. the area of ASTH is 21 emé, find Z7sy,
A
7m
4m
| iG
oo
B ie
4. In ALMN, LM = 15.5 em and ZLNM=90", Hlieson ° 7.
NL such that HM = 9.2 em and ZHMN = 38°. Find
@ MLN, Gii) the length of HL.
o h : WK to
in Aron, PQ = 17.4 mand PR=7.6 m. K lies on:
OR such that 2PKQ = 137°. Find
oor did) the length of Ok. Worked Finding the Height ofa Bu
Apoint on level ground is a9.
gxample a building TP, Give
24.7 m (to 3 s.f)
of the building is 24.7 m,
The hei
bercse 11 Quesions}-37,13
1. Apoint A on level ground is 28 m away from e
the foot Q of a flagpole PQ. Given that AP
makes an angle of 54° with the horizontal,
{ind the height of the flagpole.
2. The height of a tower TF is 40m. Given that
Aisa point on level ground such that AT
makes an angle of 37° with the horizontal,
find the distance FA.
3. Devi uses a clinometer to measure
‘heheight ofa tree 7B. From where
she stands, the angle of elevation
Of he tree is 40° and the height of
‘hetreeis calculated to be 184m.
Given thatthe clinometer is 1.6m
*bovethe ground, find the distance
“ween Devi and the foot of igonometric Ratios)
(Real-Life Application of TH sl
Wonkced 3 | iting hm ia
Example edge ofa window ofa building, tforms an ane
Wri the ground. When the ladder (eans aG8IN= Uh
Tower ee ofthe same window Forms an ahs
wath the ground. Caflate te height of the window
Solution:
: d PO
In the figure, AP and BQ represent the two positions of the ladder an
represents the window. Pp
°
18m,
18m
57”
Boy Op
In AAPR,
a > _ PR
sin 57" = PR
PR= 18 sin 57”
= 15.10 mito 4 sf.)
e of length 14.5 m leans against the top ed; i
ignboard, it forms an angle of 42° with the ground. + on level ground is 34m away from the
ofa Christmas tree TB. Given that AT makes
‘i 32° with the horizontal, find the height
fhe Christmas tree.
4 34m B
‘The height of a vertical post PQ is 7.7 m. Given that
4isapoint on level ground such that AP makes an
angle of 27° with the horizontal, find the distance
40.
Huixin standing at B is flying a kite. The kite is
vertically above 4. The string BK of length 120 m,
attached to the kite, makes an angle of 53° to the
horizontal. Assuming the string is taut, find the
distance AB,
120m
4. Ata certain time of a day, a church spire PQ.
82 m high, casts a shadow RQ, 62 m long.
Find 2PRO.
P
82m
“TN
R— 2m —— 0
5. A ladder of length 5 m leans against a nail on
a vertical wall. It forms an angle of 60° with
the ground. Find
{i the height of the nail above the ground,
Gi) the distance of the foot of the ladder from
the base of the wall
6. A boat is tied to a rope of length 12 m which
is attached to a ring that is 3.5 m above the water.
Assuming that the rope is taut, find the angle it
makes with the water.
ring
2m
35m
water level 7. Lixin is standing 7.05 m away from the statue
‘of the Merlion MP at Merlion Park, Singapore.
The height of her eyes from her feet is 1.55 m.
Given that the angle of elevation of the top of
the statue from her eyes is 42", find the height
of the statue,
<—7.05m—> P
8. The heightofa building WH is 8 m. POR isa flagpole
and W9 is a horizontal cable connected to the
top of the building and to the flagpole. Given that
ZPWO = 35.4° and ZWRH = 24.3, find the height
of the flagpole,
10.
ii
‘Apendulum of length 45 em swings backwan
forwards rom X 10 Z passing INOUE, hem
point of oscillation. The angle between the a
aX aed at 716 30% Find the height in whi
pendulum bob rises above ¥.
When a ladder of length 2.5 m leans agains he
top edge of a window of a building, itforms an angle
of 55° with the ground. When the ladder leans
against the lower edge of the same window,
it forms an angle of 38° with the ground. Find the
height of the window, giving your answer in
centimetres. :
Of length 36m. A vertical cable hangs f
is attached to a load at D. The jib is incl
angle of 35° to the horizontal line AH.
@ Find cp.
The load is lifted from D and the jib
vertical plane about A, When the jib
AE, the load is lowered and placed
ground at the point G, whichis:
The line EG cuts the line AH at F 6& @ 923m — Gi) 20cm
1. @ Gem
8.) 93m i) 266m
Git) 124m
9%) 130m Gi) 139m
to. 134s
Challenge Yourself — Chapter 10
1.) G) 12,16,20
(i). 7,24, 25; 15, 20,25
(©) i) 250°
iy 21, 28,35
(@ 7,24,25
Ali) No
(iit) 9,40,41
2. WW units?
3. Yes
4. @ 456em ii) No
Exercise 11A
1. (@) @ PQ Gi) PR
«un oR
(b) @) XY
(iii) YZ
2 @o 4
ay
Os
1 @
2 @ 09 8)
i) a=744
‘ a) 1b =995
7 (b) 1.7,d=109
(co) ¢=681,f= 9.76
(a) g=226,h=243
5. @ 738m (il) 109m
& @ 2tem — (il) 37.5em
(iif) 68.3 em
1. @) 537m Gi) 13200 nv
9
Exereise 11C
1. (a) 318" (h) 435°
©
2 @ () b= 540
© (@) d=284
a fo4is
(e) 9=487 (hy A= 418
@ i=519
3) 6 eee
4 @ 279" ii) 8.04 cm
5 @ 7 Gi) 750m
6 76.1"
7 @ 718 Gi) 204m
8. 193°
Exercise 11D
212m
1s.1m
nom
529°
@ 433m Gi) 25m
17.0"
790m
206m
500°
153m
|. 50.9 cm
. i) 38.6cm_ di) 479m
(i 39."
. 132m
Review Exercise 11
1. @ a=176 (by b= 125
© c=519 |
a a = i) 32m
mb pEESRN AMEE RD
a
4
oa
&
duis) nes
‘ 7
9% 310m
10. 130m
11. 356m
12. 569m (if) 3
Challenge Yourself ~ ¢
1. 136 units
2 Of