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HCI Unit4 10 Marks Answers

The document covers various aspects of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), including multi-modal interaction, evaluation techniques, and design principles. It emphasizes the importance of user-centered design in software development, detailing phases of the software life cycle and principles of universal design. Additionally, it outlines design rules and golden rules for creating user-friendly interfaces, highlighting the iterative design process and prototyping.

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Dineshkumar Komari
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9 views3 pages

HCI Unit4 10 Marks Answers

The document covers various aspects of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), including multi-modal interaction, evaluation techniques, and design principles. It emphasizes the importance of user-centered design in software development, detailing phases of the software life cycle and principles of universal design. Additionally, it outlines design rules and golden rules for creating user-friendly interfaces, highlighting the iterative design process and prototyping.

Uploaded by

Dineshkumar Komari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT – 4 HCI – 10 MARKS ANSWERS

1. Give a Brief Summary on Multi-Model Interaction (10 Marks)

Multi-model interaction is a way of interacting with a computer system using more


than one input method. These inputs can be speech, touch, gesture, typing, facial
expression, etc. In today’s technology, devices support multiple input types to
make the system easier and more accessible.

Advantages of multi-model interaction:


- Supports users with disabilities (example: voice input for those who can’t type)
- Increases flexibility (users can choose input type)
- Improves speed and efficiency
- Makes the interface natural and human-like

Example: A smartphone allows users to speak (voice commands), touch (tapping


icons), and type (messages). A car dashboard allows control through touch, voice,
and buttons.

In conclusion, multi-model interaction helps in creating user-friendly and


inclusive systems for everyone.

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2. What Are the Techniques of Evaluation (10 Marks)

Evaluation techniques are used to test how good the user interface is and how
easily users can use the system. These techniques help improve the design and fix
problems before final release.

Techniques of Evaluation:

1. **Heuristic Evaluation** – Experts evaluate the interface based on usability


principles.
2. **Cognitive Walkthrough** – Experts go step-by-step as if they are users to find
issues.
3. **Usability Testing** – Real users perform tasks while designers observe them.
4. **Surveys & Questionnaires** – Collect opinions from users after they use the
system.
5. **A/B Testing** – Two designs are tested to see which performs better.

These techniques help in improving user satisfaction, system effectiveness, and


reducing errors.

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3. Discuss HCI in the Software Process (10 Marks)

HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) is an important part of software development. It


helps in designing systems that are easy and comfortable for users.

HCI in Software Process Phases:

1. **Requirement Gathering** – Understand who the users are and what they need.
2. **Design Phase** – Create wireframes, storyboards, and UI layouts based on user
needs.
3. **Implementation** – Build the interface using tools and programming.
4. **Testing and Evaluation** – Test the interface with users and fix usability
issues.
5. **Deployment and Maintenance** – Deliver to users and continue to improve based
on feedback.

Role of HCI:
- Helps create usable, friendly, and effective software
- Makes systems more user-centered and less error-prone

---

4. Write a Detailed Note on Design Rules Principles to Support Us. Justify. (10
Marks)

Design rules are principles followed to make the interface easy to use and
understand. These rules support users by reducing complexity and improving
usability.

Important Design Rules:

1. **Consistency** – Similar operations should look and behave the same.


2. **Feedback** – The system should respond clearly to user actions.
3. **Error Prevention and Recovery** – Avoid errors and help users fix them.
4. **User Control** – Users should feel in control (cancel, undo, etc.)
5. **Flexibility and Efficiency** – Support shortcuts and different user styles.

Justification:
These rules help users learn faster, reduce errors, and feel confident while using
the system. A well-designed UI using these principles improves user satisfaction.

---

5. Explain the Software Life Cycle (10 Marks)

The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is the process followed to create a
software product. It includes different phases that help ensure the system is
complete and usable.

Phases of SDLC:

1. **Requirement Analysis** – Understand what the user needs.


2. **System Design** – Plan how the software will work.
3. **Implementation** – Code the software.
4. **Testing** – Check for bugs and errors.
5. **Deployment** – Deliver the software to users.
6. **Maintenance** – Update and fix issues after release.

Each phase ensures the system meets user needs and is efficient, usable, and
maintainable.

---

6. Standard Golden Rules – Principle (10 Marks)

Ben Shneiderman suggested 8 Golden Rules to design user-friendly interfaces. These


are principles that every designer should follow.

1. **Strive for consistency** – Keep interface elements uniform.


2. **Enable frequent users to use shortcuts** – Save time.
3. **Offer informative feedback** – Tell users what’s happening.
4. **Design dialog to yield closure** – Tasks should have a clear end.
5. **Prevent errors** – Make errors hard to happen.
6. **Permit easy reversal of actions** – Allow undo or cancel.
7. **Support internal locus of control** – Users should feel in control.
8. **Reduce short-term memory load** – Avoid overloading the user with information.

These rules ensure the interface is usable, understandable, and comfortable.

---

7. Iterative Design and Prototyping Design (10 Marks)

**Iterative Design** is a process where designers build a version of a product,


test it, and then improve it based on feedback. This cycle repeats until a final
product is ready.

**Prototyping** is creating a sample or demo version of the product to test ideas


before full development.

Types:
- **Low-fidelity**: Paper sketches or wireframes
- **High-fidelity**: Clickable or coded models

Benefits:
- Early detection of problems
- Saves time and cost
- User feedback can be taken early

This process results in better design and user-friendly systems.

---

8. Universal Design (10 Marks)

Universal Design means creating systems that can be used by everyone, including
people with disabilities, old age, or low technical knowledge.

Principles of Universal Design:

1. **Equitable Use** – Useful for people with different abilities.


2. **Flexible Use** – Supports different preferences (left/right hand).
3. **Simple and Intuitive** – Easy to understand.
4. **Perceptible Information** – Clear visuals and sounds.
5. **Tolerance for Error** – Reduces chance of mistakes.
6. **Low Physical Effort** – Easy to operate.
7. **Size and Space for Use** – Comfortable for all body sizes.

Goal: Make systems inclusive and avoid designing for only one type of user.

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