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Web Design: Lecturer Dr. Mohand Lokman Ahmad Class Symbol: Oa6o7sx

The document outlines the components and architecture of web applications, detailing the roles of clients, web servers, and networks. It explains the processing of static and dynamic web pages, including the use of HTTP requests and responses, as well as the role of client-side JavaScript in enhancing user experience. Additionally, it introduces HTML and CSS for web page development and explains how to view web pages using URLs.

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Ahmed11khalil6
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5 views10 pages

Web Design: Lecturer Dr. Mohand Lokman Ahmad Class Symbol: Oa6o7sx

The document outlines the components and architecture of web applications, detailing the roles of clients, web servers, and networks. It explains the processing of static and dynamic web pages, including the use of HTTP requests and responses, as well as the role of client-side JavaScript in enhancing user experience. Additionally, it introduces HTML and CSS for web page development and explains how to view web pages using URLs.

Uploaded by

Ahmed11khalil6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Web design

lecture 1
Lecturer
Dr. Mohand Lokman Ahmad
Class symbol: oa6o7sx
The component of web application

• The first diagram in figure shows the


web applications consist of clients and
a web server. The clients are the
computers, tablets, and mobile
devices that use the web applications.
They access the web pages through
programs known as web browser. The
web server holds the files that make
up a web application.
The architecture of the internet
• A web application consist of clients,web servers, and
network. The clients use programs known as web
browsers to request web pages from web server. The
web server returns the pages tat are requested to the
browser .
• A local area network (LAN) directly connects
computers that are near to each other. This kind of
network is often called intanet.
• A wide area network (WAN) consists of two or more
LANs that are connected by routers. The routers
route information from one network to another
• The internet consists on many WANs that have been
connected at internet exchange points (IXP). There
are several dozen IXPs located throughout the world.
• An internet service provider (ISP) owns a WAN and
leases access to its network. It connects its WAN to
the rest of the internet at one or more IXPs.
How static web pages are processed
• When the user requests a static web page, the
browser build a request for a web page and sent an
HTTP(hypertext transfer protocol) request to the web
server that includes the name of the file that’s being
requested.
• When the web server receives the request, it
retrieves the HTML from the web page and sends it
back to the browser as part of an HTTP response.
• When the browser receives the HTTP response, it
renders (translate) the HTML into a web page that is
displayed in the browser.
How dynamic web pages processed

• A dynamic web page is a page that is created by a program or script on a web server each time it is
requested. This program or script is executed by an application server based on the data that is sent along
with the HTTP request.
• When a web server receives a request for dynamic web page, it looks up the extension of the requested file to
find out which application server should process the request.
• When the application server receives aa request, it runs the specified script. Often, this script uses the data
that it gets from the web browser to get the appropriate data from database server. This script can also store
the data that it receives in the database.
• When the application server finishes processing the data, it generate the HTML for a web page and returns it
to the web server. Then, the web server returns the HTML to the web browser as part of an HTTP response.
a survey of web browsers and
server-side scripting languages
How client-side JavaScript fits into
web development
• JavaScript is a scripting language that provides for
client-side processing. In the website in the figure,
for example, JavaScript is used to change the
images that are shown without using server-side
processing.
• To make this work, all of the required images are
loaded into the browser when the page is
requested. Then, if the user clicks on one of the
color swatches below a shirt, the shirt image is
changed to the one with the right color, this is
called an image swap. Similarly, if the user moves
the mouse over a shirt, the image is replaced by a
full-view image of the shirt
• JavaScript is a client-side scripting language that
is run by the JavaScript engine of a web browser.
• When the browser requests an HTML page that
contains JavaScript or a link to a JavaScript file,
both the HTML and JavaScript are loaded into the
browser.
• Because JavaScript runs on the client, not the
server, it provides functions that don’t require a trip
back to the server. This can help an application
run more efficiently.
Introduction to HTML and CSS
•To develop a web page, you use HTML to define the
content and structure of the page. Then you use CSS to
format that content.
•HTML (hypertext markup language) is used to define
the content and structure of a web page and it is also
used to format the page content.
•Cascading style sheets (CSS) separates the web page
formatting from the content and structure of a web
page.
How to view a web page

• Fig shows you how to view a web page on the internet. One way is to enter a uniform resource
locator (URL) into the address bar of your browser. The other is to click on a like on a web page that
request another page.
• As the diagram at the start of this figure shows, the URL for an internet page consist of four
components.in most cases, the protocol is HTTP.
• The second component is the domain name that identifies the web
server that the HTTP request will be sent to. The web browser uses
this name to look up the address of the web server for the domain.
Although you can’t omit the domain name, you can often omit the
“www.” from the domain name.
• The third component is the path where the file resides on the server,
the path lists the folders that contain the file.
• The last component is the name of the file (index.html)
What happens if you omit parts of a URL
• If you omit the protocol, the default of http:// will be used
• If you omit the filename, the default document name for the web
server will be used. This typically index.html or default.html

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