01.

Integer (“int”)
An integer represents whole numbers, positive or negative, without any decimal points.

# Example of an integer
my_integer = 42
print(my_integer)
# Output: 42

02. Float (“float”)

A float represents floating-point numbers, which include decimal points.

# Example of a floating-point number

my_float = 3.14
print(my_float)
# Output: 3.14

03. String (“str”)

Strings represent sequences of characters, enclosed in either single quotes (' ') or double quotes ("
").

# Example of a string
my_string = "Hello, Python!"
print(my_string)
# Output: Hello, Python!

04. List
Lists are ordered collections of items that are mutable (can be changed).

# Example of a list
my_list = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']
print(my_list)
# Output: [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']

05. Tuple
Tuples are ordered collections similar to lists, but they are immutable (cannot be changed).

# Example of a tuple
my_tuple = (4, 5, 'x', 'y')
print(my_tuple)
# Output: (4, 5, 'x', 'y')

06. Dictionary (“dict”)

Dictionaries are collections of key-value pairs.

# Example of a dictionary
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}
print(my_dict)
# Output: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}
 07. Boolean (“bool”)
Booleans represent truth values, either True or False.
# Example of a boolean
my_boolean = True
print(my_boolean)
# Output: True

08. Set
Sets are unordered collections of unique elements.

# Example of a set
my_set = {1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 3, 2} # Note: Duplicates are automatically removed in a set
print(my_set)
# Output: {1, 2, 3, 4}

09. NoneType (“None”)

None represents the absence of a value.

# Example of NoneType
my_none = None
print(my_none)
# Output: None

These are some of the fundamental data types in Python. Each type serves its purpose in different
scenarios and allows for flexible and versatile programming.

# Integer data type

my_integer = 42
print("Integer data type:", my_integer)

# Float data type

my_float = 3.14
print("Float data type:", my_float)

# String data type

my_string = "Hello, Python!"
print("String data type:", my_string)

# List data type

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']
print("List data type:", my_list)

# Tuple data type

my_tuple = (4, 5, 'x', 'y')
print("Tuple data type:", my_tuple)
# Dictionary data type
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}
print("Dictionary data type:", my_dict)

# Boolean data type

my_boolean = True
print("Boolean data type:", my_boolean)

# Set data type

my_set = {1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 3, 2} # Duplicates are automatically removed in a set
print("Set data type:", my_set)

# NoneType data type

my_none = None
print("NoneType data type:", my_none)

Output:
Integer data type: 42
Float data type: 3.14
String data type: Hello, Python!
List data type: [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']
Tuple data type: (4, 5, 'x', 'y')
Dictionary data type: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}
Boolean data type: True
Set data type: {1, 2, 3, 4}
NoneType data type: None

# Python Program for Area of Triangle:

b = float(input('Enter the base: '))
h= float(input('Enter the height: '))

# calhculate the area

area = 1/2*b*h
print('The area of the triangle is %0.2f' % area)

Output:
Enter the base: 10
Enter the height: 5
The area of the triangle is 25.00
def calculate_triangle_area(base, height):
# Area of a triangle formula: area = 0.5 * base * height
area = 0.5 * base * height
return area

# Example values for base and height

base_length = 8
height_length = 5

# Calculating the area of the triangle

triangle_area = calculate_triangle_area(base_length, height_length)

# Displaying the result

print(f"The area of the triangle with base {base_length} and height
{height_length} is: {triangle_area}")

Output:
The area of the triangle with base 8 and height 5 is: 20.0

 The f at the beginning of the print statement is a prefix indicating an f-string in

Python. It stands for "formatted string."
 In Python, an f-string is a string literal that has an f at the beginning and curly
braces { } containing expressions that will be replaced with their values when the
string is formatted. It allows for easy string interpolation, allowing variables and
expressions to be directly embedded within the string.

def calculate_triangle_area(base, height):

# Area of a triangle formula: area = 0.5 * base * height
area = 0.5 * base * height
return area

# Accepting user input for base and height

base_length = float(input("Enter the base length of the triangle: "))
height_length = float(input("Enter the height of the triangle: "))

# Calculating the area of the triangle

triangle_area = calculate_triangle_area(base_length, height_length)

# Displaying the result

print(f"The area of the triangle with base {base_length} and height
{height_length} is: {triangle_area}")
Output:
Enter the base length of the triangle: 10
Enter the height of the triangle: 5
The area of the triangle with base 10.0 and height 5.0 is: 25.0

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Triangle Area Calculator</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=yellow>
<h1>Triangle Area Calculator</h1>

<label for="base">Enter Base of the Triangle:</label></br></br>

<input type="number" id="base"></br></br>

<label for="height">Enter Height of the Triangle:</label></br></br>

<input type="number" id="height"></br></br>

<button onclick="calculateArea()">Calculate Area</button>

<p id="result"></p>

<script>
function calculateArea() {
// Get base and height values from user input
var base = parseFloat(document.getElementById('base').value);
var height = parseFloat(document.getElementById('height').value);

// Calculate the area of the triangle

var area = 0.5 * base * height;

// Display the result

document.getElementById('result').innerText = "The area of the
triangle is: " + area;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:

# Define two numbers

num1 = 20
num2 = 7

# Addition
addition = num1 + num2
print(f"Addition: {num1} + {num2} = {addition}")

# Subtraction
subtraction = num1 - num2
print(f"Subtraction: {num1} - {num2} = {subtraction}")

# Multiplication
multiplication = num1 * num2
print(f"Multiplication: {num1} * {num2} = {multiplication}")

# Division
division = num1 / num2
print(f"Division: {num1} / {num2} = {division}")

# Modulo (Remainder)
modulo = num1 % num2
print(f"Modulo: {num1} % {num2} = {modulo}")

Output:
Addition: 20 + 7 = 27
Subtraction: 20 - 7 = 13
Multiplication: 20 * 7 = 140
Division: 20 / 7 = 2.857142857142857
Modulo: 20 % 7 = 6
# Function to perform arithmetic operations
def perform_arithmetic_operations(num1, num2):
addition = num1 + num2
subtraction = num1 - num2
multiplication = num1 * num2
division = num1 / num2
modulo = num1 % num2

# Displaying the results

print(f"Addition: {num1} + {num2} = {addition}")
print(f"Subtraction: {num1} - {num2} = {subtraction}")
print(f"Multiplication: {num1} * {num2} = {multiplication}")
print(f"Division: {num1} / {num2} = {division}")
print(f"Modulo: {num1} % {num2} = {modulo}")

# Accepting input from the user

num1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))

# Calling the function to perform arithmetic operations

perform_arithmetic_operations(num1, num2)

Output:
Enter the first number: 21
Enter the second number: 11
Addition: 21.0 + 11.0 = 32.0
Subtraction: 21.0 - 11.0 = 10.0
Multiplication: 21.0 * 11.0 = 231.0
Division: 21.0 / 11.0 = 1.9090909090909092
Modulo: 21.0 % 11.0 = 10.0

 This program defines a function perform_arithmetic_operations that takes two numbers

as input arguments and performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and
modulo operations on those numbers.
 The user is prompted to input two numbers, which are then used as arguments to the
function to perform arithmetic operations on them.
 The float() function is used to convert the user input into floating-point numbers
for accurate arithmetic calculations.
# Store input numbers:
num1 = input('Enter first number: ')
num2 = input('Enter second number: ')

# Add two numbers

sum = float(num1) + float(num2)

# Subtract two numbers

min = float(num1) - float(num2)

# Multiply two numbers

mul = float(num1) * float(num2)

# Divide two numbers

div = float(num1) / float(num2)

# Display the sum

print('The sum of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, sum))

# Display the subtraction

print('The subtraction of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, min))

# Display the multiplication

print('The multiplication of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, mul))

# Display the division

print('The division of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, div))

Output:
Enter first number: 20
Enter second number: 10
The sum of 20 and 10 is 30.0
The subtraction of 20 and 10 is 10.0
The multiplication of 20 and 10 is 200.0
The division of 20 and 10 is 2.0
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Arithmetic Operations</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor= cyan>
<h1>Arithmetic Operations</h1>

<label for="num1">Enter the first number:</label><br/><br/>

<input type="number" id="num1"><br/><br/>

<label for="num2">Enter the second number:</label><br/><br/>

<input type="number" id="num2"><br/><br/>

<button onclick="performOperations()">Perform Operations</button>

<div id="results"></div>

<script>
function performOperations()
{
var num1 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('num1').value);
var num2 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('num2').value);

var addition = num1 + num2;

var subtraction = num1 - num2;
var multiplication = num1 * num2;
var division = num1 / num2;
var modulo = num1 % num2;

var results = document.getElementById('results');

results.innerHTML = "<h3>Arithmetic Operations Results:</h3>" +
"<p>Addition: " + num1 + " + " + num2 + " = " + addition +
"</p>" +
"<p>Subtraction: " + num1 + " - " + num2 + " = " + subtraction
+ "</p>" +
"<p>Multiplication: " + num1 + " * " + num2 + " = " +
multiplication + "</p>" +
"<p>Division: " + num1 + " / " + num2 + " = " + division +
"</p>" +
"<p>Modulo: " + num1 + " % " + num2 + " = " + modulo + "</p>";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Output:

# Initial values of two variables

variable1 = 5
variable2 = 10

print("Before swapping:")
print("variable1 =", variable1)
print("variable2 =", variable2)

# Swapping the values using a third variable

temp = variable1
variable1 = variable2
variable2 = temp

print("\nAfter swapping:")
print("variable1 =", variable1)
print("variable2 =", variable2)

Output:
Before swapping:
variable1 = 5
variable2 = 10

After swapping:
variable1 = 10
variable2 = 5
This Python program demonstrates how to swap the values of two variables (variable1 and
variable2). It uses a third variable temp to temporarily hold one of the values during
the swapping process. After the values are interchanged, the new values of the variables
are printed to display the swapping results.
# Accepting input from the user
variable1 = input("Enter the value for variable 1: ")
variable2 = input("Enter the value for variable 2: ")

print("\nBefore swapping:")
print("variable1 =", variable1)
print("variable2 =", variable2)

# Swapping the values without using a third variable

variable1, variable2 = variable2, variable1

print("\nAfter swapping:")
print("variable1 =", variable1)
print("variable2 =", variable2)

Output:
Enter the value for variable 1: 45
Enter the value for variable 2: 90

Before swapping:
variable1 = 45
variable2 = 90

After swapping:
variable1 = 90
variable2 = 45

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Variable Swapping</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=orange>
<h1>Variable Swapping</h1>

<label for="variable1">Enter value for variable 1:</label></br></br>

<input type="text" id="variable1"></br></br>

<label for="variable2">Enter value for variable 2:</label></br></br>

<input type="text" id="variable2"></br></br>

<button onclick="swapVariables()">Swap Variables</button></br></br>

<p>Before Swapping:</p>
<p id="beforeSwap"></p>
 <p>After Swapping:</p>
<p id="afterSwap"></p>

<script>
function swapVariables() {
var var1 = document.getElementById('variable1').value;
var var2 = document.getElementById('variable2').value;

// Display values before swapping

document.getElementById('beforeSwap').innerText = "Variable 1: " + var1 + ",
Variable 2: " + var2;

// Swapping the variables using destructuring assignment

[var1, var2] = [var2, var1];

// Display values after swapping

document.getElementById('afterSwap').innerText = "Variable 1: " + var1 + ",
Variable 2: " + var2;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

Output:

This HTML file includes a simple form where users can input values for two variables.
Upon clicking the "Swap Variables" button, the swapVariables JavaScript function is
triggered. This function retrieves the values entered by the user and then swaps the
variables using destructuring assignment. The values before and after swapping are
displayed in the HTML elements with the IDs beforeSwap and afterSwap, respectively.
Odd and Even numbers:
If you divide a number by 2 and it gives a remainder of 0 then it is known as even
number, otherwise an odd number.
Even number examples: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc.
Odd number examples: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 etc.

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

if (num % 2) == 0:
print("{0} is Even number".format(num))
else:
print("{0} is Odd number".format(num))

Output:
Enter a number: 10
10 is Even number

Enter a number: 11
11 is Odd number

In this program:
 The user is prompted to input a number.
 The program checks if the entered number is divisible by 2 using the modulo operator
(%).
 If the remainder is 0, it prints that the number is even; otherwise, it prints that
the number is odd.

# Function to check if a number is odd or even

def check_odd_even(number):
if number % 2 == 0:
print(f"{number} is an even number.")
else:
print(f"{number} is an odd number.")

# Accepting input from the user

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# Calling the function to check odd or even

check_odd_even(num)

Output:
Enter a number: 10
10 is an even number.

Enter a number: 11
11 is an odd number.
In this program:
 The check_odd_even function takes a number as an argument and uses the modulo operator
(%) to check if the number is divisible by 2.
 If the remainder is 0, it prints that the number is even; otherwise, it prints that
the number is odd.
 The user is prompted to input a number, and the program calls the check_odd_even
function to determine and print whether the entered number is odd or even.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>Even Odd</title></head>
<body bgcolor="green">
<h1> Program to check number is even or odd </h1>
<script type="text/Javascript">
var a,b;
a=prompt("Enter your value:-");
b=parseInt(a) ;
// input is converted into number data type
if(b%2==0)
alert("Number is even");
else
alert("Number is odd");
</script>
</body>
</html>

Output:

OR
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Odd or Even Checker</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=yellow>
<h1>Odd or Even Checker</h1>

<label for="number">Enter a number:</label>

<input type="number" id="number"><br/><br/>

<button onclick="checkOddEven()">Check Odd/Even</button>

<p id="result"></p>

<script>
function checkOddEven()
{
var num = parseInt(document.getElementById('number').value);

if (num % 2 === 0)
{
document.getElementById('result').innerText = num + " is an even number.";
}
else
{
document.getElementById('result').innerText = num + " is an odd number.";
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

Output: