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The document outlines an educational activity involving the integration of an ultrasonic sensor and an LCD display using an ESP32 microcontroller. It aims to develop coding skills, hardware integration understanding, and real-time feedback through distance measurement and display. The expected outcomes include a functional system that efficiently communicates and displays information while optimizing wiring and pin usage.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
3 views15 pagesAct 2
The document outlines an educational activity involving the integration of an ultrasonic sensor and an LCD display using an ESP32 microcontroller. It aims to develop coding skills, hardware integration understanding, and real-time feedback through distance measurement and display. The expected outcomes include a functional system that efficiently communicates and displays information while optimizing wiring and pin usage.
Uploaded by
Kiko MugiCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 15
Ultrasonic
wor and LCD Display
WAM 2 ee ROOM/BUILDING:
COURSE/YEAR: DATE PERFORMED: a
SUBJECT: ~ DATE SUBMITTED:
DAY/TIME/: INSTRUCTOR: =
[Status Check| Evaluation Criteria | Poor | Fair | Good | Excellent
Reasoning
Advance
Accuracy
Completeness
on Time
Analytical Ability
Late Neatness of Work |
Remarks: 9
Rating
Signature
Date Objectives of the activity:
+-Develop coding proficiency by programming the ESP32 to control the
ultrasonics sensor, enabling participants to create patterns,
measure the distance, and grasp fundamental coding concepts.
“foster understanding of hardware integration as participants learn
fo connect and configure the Ultrasonics sensor with the ESP32,
gaining practical
knowledge of pins, circuits, and the interaction
between software and hardware components,
Expected Outcome of the activity:
3. The goal is to connect an ultrasonic sensor to an ESP32,
Precise distance measurement by calculating the time t
ultrasonic signals to travel to an object and back.
enabling
aken for
Utilizing the ultrasonic sensor in conjunction with the ESP32, the
objective is to detect obstacles,
allowing the system to respond
by halting or adjusting its course
for improved navigation.
3.The activity aims to showcase distance information from the
ultrasonic sensor through a visual interface or alerts by
programming the Arduino: to interact with devices such as an LCD
display or LEDs, offering real-time feedback based on detected
object proximity.
I. INTRODUCTION
The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor uses SONAR to determine the distance of
an object just like the bats do. It offers excellent non-contact range
detection with high accuracy and stable readings in an easy-to-use
package from 2 cm to 400 cm or 1” to 13 feet.
The operation is not affected by sunlight or black material, although
acoustically, soft materials like cloth can be difficult to detect. It
comes complete with ultrasonic transmitter and receiver module.
TI. EQUIPMENTS and MATERIALS
© -ESP32
© The HC-SRO4 ultrasonic sensor
. Proteus software
«LED Indicator XII. Schematic Diagram
(@ Sst.
For example, if the object is 10 cm awa
'y from the sensor, and the speed
of the sound is 340
m/s or 0.034 en/us the sound wave will
about 294 u seconds. But what you will get
double that number because the sound waves
bounce backward. So, in order to get
multiply the received travel time value
divide it by 2
need to travel
from the Echo pin will be
need to travel forward and
the distance in om we need to
from the echo pin by 0.034 and IV. Program code
define trigpin 9 // titi
define echopin B /
define led 7
void setup()
ize ping For Hc-sro4 +,
/ Initialize ping
nitialize pini2 fo
rigger
‘or HC-SRO4 Echo
LED
Serial.begin (96@8);
PinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); //Detine
Pinode(echoPin, INPUT)5, /o.
PinMode(led, OUTPUT); //oer
+
void loop()
t
long duration, distance; // variable to hold the
‘bon tics
‘Begin serial monitor with baud rate 9600
Trigger pin as output
fine Echo pin
ine LED pin as
duration and 4:
digitalwrite(trigpin, Low); // Weite trigger pi
delayMicroseconds(2); y for 2microsecond
digitalwrite(trighin, HIGH); //urite trigger pi
delayMicroseconds(1@)5// Delay for 1enicraseconds
GigitalWrite(trighin, LOW); //write tr
duration
is as high
pin is as low
ulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); //Read the ech
distance = (duration*®.e34 / 2); //
if (distance <= 160)
‘ Serial.print (distance); //print the distance value on serial port
digitalwrite(led, HIGH);
Serial.printIn(“cm : LED is on ");
delay (see);
z
else {
Serial.print(distance)3//print the distance value on serial port
digitalWrite(led, Low);
Serial.printin(” cm : LED is off ");
delay(5e@);
}
}
V. QUESTION AND ANSWER
WHAT TS THE IMPORTANCE OF AN ULRASONIC SENSOR? WHAT ARE THE USES OF AN ULTRASONIC SENSOR?
VI.CONCLUSION AND OBSERVATION
1. What did you learn in doing this activity?
2. During the activity, which factors significantly contribute to shaping
your ability to successfully complete it?
3. What insights do you gain from participating in the activity as part of
a group with teammates? LCD 12¢ Display
Objectives of the activity:
3+ Design a functional Lcp I2c display system with an ESP32 to optimize
wiring and conserve digital pins through efficient 12C communication.
Demonstrate proficiency in programming by using the 12C protocol to
establish simplified communication between the ESP32 and the LCD
display.
3+ Showcase practical application by developing a user-friendly
interface on the LCD 12¢ display with the ESP32, effectively conveying
essential information and messaces
Expected Outcome of the activity:
1. By the end, we expect a fully working LCD I2c display with the ESP32,
showing that we can connect things more neatly and use fewer pins.
2. The goal is to make our ESP32 easily talk to the LCD display through
12C, proving that we can make them communicate in a simpler way.
3
We aim to have a display that shows important info and messages in a
straightforward way, proving that using 12C makes our projects user-
friendly and efficient.
INTRODUCTION:
The Liguidcrystal library allows you to control LCD displays that are
compatible with the Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out
there, and you can usually find them by the 16-pin interface
also learn how to use led.begin(), 1cd.print ()
functions
You will
and 1cd.setCursor ()
TI, EQUIPMENTS and MATERIAL:
© Bsp32
© 16x2 LCD Modules
© Proteus Lep 12¢
T2C is a way for differ
Ricrocontroller and an
an LOD is *12C-enabled,
requires fewer wires
using an I2¢
ent parts of an electronic device, like a
IcD screen, to talk to each other. When we say
it means it can communicate using a method that
and is easier for the device to understand. So,
3 venabled LCD with something like an Arduino makes wiring
itera: srs the dittarent (parts to share’ inform is ese
esr
Somponents can use to chat and work together smoothly.
III. PRoczpurgs:
in the context of I2C displays, the procedures typically involve the
eeees £0 Set Up and use an 12C-enabled LCD or OLED display with a
Sicrocontroller like Arduino. Here's a general outline of procedures:
3+ Connection Setup: Connect the 12C display to the microcontroller
(e-g-, Arduino) using the SDA (data) and SCL (clock) pins. Ensure
Proper power connections (VCC and GND).
2. Install Libraries
the 12¢ display
Leds or
Download and install the necessary libraries for
Common libraries include the "LiguidCrystal 12¢* for
specific libraries for OLED displays.
3. Include Libraries in Code: In the Arduino Integrated Development
Bnvizonnent (IDB), include the relevant libraries in your code using
the #include directive.
Initialize Display: Initialize the 12¢ di:
of your code. This involves specify:
and any other required parameters.
splay in the setup section
ing the display size, addressing,
5. Display Content: Write code to display the desired content on the 12¢
Gisplay. This could include text, numbers, or graphics.
Upload Code: Upload the code to the microcontroller to execute the
program.
7. Monitor Output: Observe the out;
put on the 12¢ display. Ensure that
the content is correctly display
ved, and troubleshoot if’ necessary.
- Rajust and Refine: Fine-tune the code as needed to achieve the desired
Gisplay behavior. This may involve adjusting contrast, modifying
text, or incorporating additional features,
9. Power Off and Disconnect: When finished, power off the system and
disconnect the 12¢ display if necessary. Basic functions we use in code:
* 1cd-begin(16,2); //Defining 16 columns and 2 rows of led display
* lcd.backlight (); //To Power ON /OFF the back light
1ed.setcursor (0,0) ;
//Defining position to write from first row,
first column .
led. setCursor (0,1) ;
//Pefining position to write from second
row, first colum
icd.print (" write here to print"); //You can write 16 Characters per
line within quotations.
© 1cd.clear(
//Clean the screen
IV. DISCUSSION:
In 16x2 LCD there are 16 pins over all if there is a back light, if
there is no back light there will be 14 pins. One can power or leave the
back light pins. Now in the 14 pins there are 8 data pins (7-14 or DO-
D7), 2 power supply pins (162 or VSS&VDD or GND&+5v), 3rd pin for contrast
control (VEE-controls how thick the characters should be shown), and 3
control pins (RS&RW&E)
In the circuit, you can observe I have only taken two control pins, this
gives the flexibility. The contrast bit and READ/WRITE are not often
used so they can be shorted to ground. This puts LCD in highest contrast
and read mode, We just need to control ENABLE and RS pins to send
characters and data accordingly.
‘The connections which are done for LCD are given below:
* PIN or VSS to ground
© PIN2 or VDD or VCC to +5v power
© PIN3 or VEE to ground (gives maximum contrast best for a beginner)
© PING or RS (Register Selecticn) to PIN $0 of ESP32
© PINS or RW (Read/Write) to ground
(puts LCD in read mode eases the
communication for user)
«PING or E (Enable) to PIN Si of ESP32
© PINII or D4 to PINS
© PINI2 or DS to PING
* PINI3 or D6 to PIN3
© PIN14 or D7 to PINZ Basic functions we use in code:
* led.begin(16,2); //Defining 16 columns and 2 rows of lcd display
* lcd-backlight (); //To Power ON /oFF the back light
lcd. setCursor (0,0) ;
//Pefining position to write from first row,
first colum
led. setCursor (0,1);
//Pefining position to write from
row, first column .
second
lcd.print(" write here to print"); //You can write 16 Characters per
line within quotations.
* lcd.clear(); //Clean the screen
IV. DISCUSSION:
In 16x2 LCD there are 16 pins over all if there is a back light, if
there is no back light there will be 14 pins. One can power or leave the
back light pins. Now in the 14 pine there are @ data pins (7-14 or DO-
D7), 2 power supply pins (162 or VSS8VDD or GND&+5v), 3rd pin for contrast
control (VEE-controls how thick the characters should be shown), and 3
control pins (RS&RHGE) .
In the circuit, you can observe I have only taken two control pins, this
gives the flexibility. The contrast bit and READ/WRITE are not often
used so they can be shorted to ground. This puts LCD in highest contrast
and read mode. We just need to control ENABLE and RS pins to send
characters and data accordingly.
The connections which are done for SCD are given below:
* PIN or VSS to ground
© PIN2 or VDD or VCC to +5v power
* PIN3 or VEE to ground (gives maximum contrast best for a beginner)
© PING or RS (Register Selection) to PIN S0 of ESP32
* PINS or RW (Read/Write) to ground (pute LCD in read mode eases the
communication for user)
PING or E (Enable) to PIN $1 of ESP32 :
+ Pmt or Dé to PINS
+ prwia or DS to PINs
+ pms or Ds to PINs
© PIN4 or D7 to PINZ CHALLENGE ME MORE!
Integrating a push button into ‘the LCD I2¢ display, the button's functionality is
defined as follows:
+ patton the button is pressed, the system will display the following
information:
a. "Mechatronics"
b. "Engineering"
2. Tf the button is not p
a
“NAME and Student No."
b.
ressed, the system will showcase the following data:
"YOUR YEAR LEVEL"
This addition enhances the LCD dis;
Play, allowing users to access different sets
Of information by interacting with the push button,
vit.
CONCLUSION AND OBSERVATION
ae
What did you learn in doing this activity?
2, During the activity, which factors significantly contribute to shaping
your ability to successfully complete it?
concuuszon: Ultrasonics Sensor with LCD Display
objectives of the activity:
2. Design a functional LCD display connected to the ultrasonic sensor
with an BSP32 to optimize wiring and conserve digital pins through
efficient 12¢ communication.
2. Design a practical application by developing sensor interface on the
Leb T2C display with the ESP32 control
Expected Outcome of the activity:
1. By the end, we expect a fully working ultrasonic sensor with LCD
Gispiay contzelled by 89P32, showing that we can connect things more
neatly and use fewer pins.
2. The goal is to wake our £9932 easily talk to the both components,
proving that we can make them communicate in a simpler wey.
3. We aim to have a display that shows important info and messages in &
wtraigutforward way, proving that using 12C wakes our projects user
friendly and efficient.
x. INTRODUCTION
ne H0-SR04 ultrasonic sensor distance measurement system utilizing an
Jeiuine NO microcontroller is a versatile and efficient solution for
Jueermining the distance of an object in front of it. The ultrasonic
scneor sends out a sound wave and measures the time it takes for the
scund wave to bounce back, allowing the system to calculate the distance
epithe object. ‘The Arduino UNO microcontroller is then used to process
thio distance information and display it on a convenient 16x2 LCD module.
‘This oystom can be used in a wide variety of applications such as obstacle
detection, autonated door control, level detection, parking assistance,
IE, BQUIPIMENTS and MATERIALS:
© BsP32
© 6x2 Lop Modules
© Ultrasonic Sensor
= Proteus III. PROCEDURES
Connect the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to the Arduino Uno as
vec pin to 5V
follows:
Trig pin to digital pin 8
Echo pin to digital pin 9
GND pin to GND
Connect the 16x2 LCD module to the Arduino Uno as follows:
RS pin to digital pin 7
EN pin to digital pin 6
D4 pin to digital pin 5
DS pin to digital pin 4
Dé pin to digital pin 3
7 pin to digital pin 2
vss pin to GND
vop pin to 5V
vo (contrast) pin to a potentiometer
Define the pin numbers for the ultrasonic sensor and the LCD module in
the setup function
Ultrasonic ultrasonic (2, 3);
LiguidCrystal led (7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2);
qn the setup function, use the begin() function to initialize the LCD
module with the number of columns and rows, and the print() function to
display a message on the LCD.
void setup() {
led.begin(16, 2);
led.print ("Pistance: cm"); In the loop function, use the distanceRead() function to get the distanci
in centimeters from the ultrasonic sensor, and store it in a variable.
Then, use the setCursor() function to set the cursor position cn the LCD
and the print ()
the LeD.
function to display the distance on the second row of
void loop() {
int distance = ultrasonic.distanceRead();
lcd.setCursor (0, 1);
led. print (distance) ;
IV. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ‘V. PROGRAM CODE
include