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Phthon Final Project Explanation

The document explains a text-based Hangman game project in Python, detailing its mechanics and code structure. The game allows players to guess a hidden word by entering letters, with a maximum of six incorrect guesses before losing. It includes a step-by-step code explanation, covering class definition, game logic, and user interaction.

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4 views9 pages

Phthon Final Project Explanation

The document explains a text-based Hangman game project in Python, detailing its mechanics and code structure. The game allows players to guess a hidden word by entering letters, with a maximum of six incorrect guesses before losing. It includes a step-by-step code explanation, covering class definition, game logic, and user interaction.

Uploaded by

muhammad.shamim233
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PHTHON FINAL PROJECT EXPLANATION &

CODE STEP-BY-STEP

PROJECT EXPLANATION:
🏆 Project Title

Hangman Game (Text-based Python Project)

🎮 Project Overview

This is a text-based Hangman game written using basic Python concepts.


The game randomly picks a hidden word, and the player has to guess it by
entering one letter at a time.

✅ If the letter is in the word → it’s revealed.


❌ If the letter is wrong → player loses one life.

The player wins if they reveal the full word before running out of lives (6 chances).

⚙ Working

1️⃣ Game picks a random word from a list.


2️⃣ Player sees the word as underscores (_ _ _ _ _).
3️⃣ Player inputs guesses (one letter at a time).
4️⃣ The game updates the display or decreases lives based on correctness.
5️⃣ The game ends when:

 All letters are guessed → win 🎉


 Lives reach zero → game over 💀

🛠 Step-by-step Code Explanation


1. Import the random module

import random

We use Python’s random module to randomly select a word from the list.

2️⃣ Define the HangmanGame class


class HangmanGame:

We create a class to organize all game logic, using OOP (Object-Oriented


Programming) concepts

3️⃣ Constructor (__init__ method)

def __init__(self, word_list, lives=6):

self.word = random.choice(word_list).lower()

self.lives = lives

self.guessed_letters = []

self.display_word = ['_' for _ in self.word]

✅ self.word → picks a random word.


✅ self.lives → sets starting lives (default 6).
✅ self.guessed_letters → keeps track of letters the player guessed.
✅ self.display_word → shows the word with underscores initially.

4️⃣ Show game progress

def show_progress(self):

print('Word: ' + ' '.join(self.display_word))

print(f"Lives left: {self.lives}")

print(f"Guessed letters: {',


'.join(self.guessed_letters)}\n")

This method prints:

 The current word status (_ y _ h o n)


 Remaining lives
 Letters the player has already guessed

5️⃣ Process player’s guess

def guess_letter(self, letter):

if letter in self.guessed_letters:

print("You already guessed that letter.\n")

return

self.guessed_letters.append(letter)

if letter in self.word:

print("Good guess!\n")

for i, char in enumerate(self.word):

if char == letter:

self.display_word[i] = letter

else:

print("Wrong guess!\n")

self.lives -= 1

✅ Checks if letter was already guessed.


✅ If correct → updates display.
✅ If wrong → reduces lives.
6️⃣ Check win/lose

def is_won(self):

return '_' not in self.display_word

def is_lost(self):

return self.lives <= 0

These methods check:

 If player has guessed the whole word.


 If player has no lives left.

7️⃣ Game loop

def play(self):

print("=== Welcome to Hangman ===\n")

while not self.is_won() and not self.is_lost():

self.show_progress()

guess = input("Guess a letter: ").lower()

if len(guess) != 1 or not guess.isalpha():

print("Please enter a single valid letter.\n")

continue

self.guess_letter(guess)
if self.is_won():

print(f"🎉 Congratulations! You guessed the word:


{self.word}")

else:

print(f"💀 Game over! The word was: {self.word}")

✅ Repeats until win/lose.


✅ Asks player for input (single letter).
✅ Shows result at the end.

8️⃣ Word list + Start game

words = ['python', 'banana', 'hangman', 'programming',


'challenge']

game = HangmanGame(words)

game.play()

We provide a list of words → create a game object → call the .play() method to
start.

COMBINE CODE
import random

class HangmanGame:

def __init__(self, word_list, lives=6):

self.word = random.choice(word_list).lower()

self.lives = lives

self.guessed_letters = []

self.display_word = ['_' for _ in self.word]

def show_progress(self):

print('Word: ' + ' '.join(self.display_word))

print(f"Lives left: {self.lives}")

print(f"Guessed letters: {',


'.join(self.guessed_letters)}\n")

def guess_letter(self, letter):

if letter in self.guessed_letters:

print("You already guessed that letter.\n")

return

self.guessed_letters.append(letter)
if letter in self.word:

print("Good guess!\n")

for i, char in enumerate(self.word):

if char == letter:

self.display_word[i] = letter

else:

print("Wrong guess!\n")

self.lives -= 1

def is_won(self):

return '_' not in self.display_word

def is_lost(self):

return self.lives <= 0

def play(self):

print("=== Welcome to Hangman ===\n")

while not self.is_won() and not self.is_lost():

self.show_progress()

guess = input("Guess a letter: ").lower()

if len(guess) != 1 or not guess.isalpha():

print("Please enter a single valid letter.\n")


continue

self.guess_letter(guess)

if self.is_won():

print(f"🎉 Congratulations! You guessed the word:


{self.word}")

else:

print(f"💀 Game over! The word was: {self.word}")

words = ['python', 'banana', 'hangman', 'programming',


'challenge']

game = HangmanGame(words)

game.play()

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