* C prog to display numbers from 1 to n * /

#include

Void main()

int n,i ;

printf(“\n enter the value of n :”);

scanf(“%d”, &n);

printf(“\n The numbers displayed are : “);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

Printf(“%d/n”,i);

* C prog to display numbers from n down to 1 * /

* C prog to Compute factorial of a number *

#include
Void main()

int n,fact,i ;

printf(“\n enter the value of n :”);

scanf(“%d”, &n);

fact = 1 ;

for(i=0;i< =n;i+ +)

fact* = i;

Printf(“%d ! = %d \n ”, n , fact );

*C program to compute sum of series 1+2+3+……..+n */

• Write a C program to check the given number is positive or negative using ternary
operator

• #include<stdio.h>

• int main( )

• {

• int N;

• clrscr( );

• printf(“Enter a Integer\n”);

• scanf(“%d”,&N);

• (N>0)? Printf(“Number is +ve”): printf(“Numner is –Ve);

• }
Write a program to print sum of numbers using functions

• #include<stdio.h>

• int add (int a,int b); Function declaration /Function prototype

• int main()

• {

• int a,b,sum,res;

• printf(“Enter the value of a & b”);

• scanf(“%d%d”,&a,&b);

• res=add(a,b); Function call

• printf(“Sum=%d”,sum);

• }

• int add(int a,int b) Function Definition

• {

• int sum;

• sum=a+b;

• return sum;

PASS BY VALUE

• #include<stdio.h>

• void exchange (int m, int n)

• {

• int temp;

• temp=m;

• m=n;
• n=temp;

• }

• void main()

• {

• int a, b;

• a=10, b=20;

• exchange (a , b);

• printf(“a= %d and b= %d\n”, a, b);

• }

PASS BY ADDRESS

• include<stdio.h>

• void exchange (int *m, int *n);

• void exchange (int *m, int *n)

• {

• int temp;

• temp=*m;

• *m=*n;

• *n=temp;

• }

• void main()

• {

• int a, b;

• a=10, b=20;

• exchange (&a , &b);

• printf(“a= %d and b= %d\n”, a, b);

• }
FACTORIAL OF NUMBER USING RECURSION

include<stdio.h>

int fact(int n)

if(n==1) return 1;

return n*fact(n-1);

int main()

int n, factorial;

printf("Enter a number\n");

scanf("%d", &n);

factorial=fact(n);

printf("factorial of num=%d“, factorial);

BINOMIAL COEFFICIENT USING RECURSION

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

int n, r, ncr;

printf("Enter n and r\n");

scanf("%d%d", &n, &r);

ncr=fact(n)/(fact(n-r)* fact(r));

printf("NCR =%d", ncr);

int fact(int n)

if(n==1) return 1;
 return n*fact(n-1);

FIBONACCI SERIES OF NUMBER USING RECURSION

#include<stdio.h>

int Fib(int);

int main()

int n, i = 0, c;

printf ("Enter the value of n\n");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Fibonacci series\n");

for (c = 1 ;c <= n ; c++)

printf("%d\n", Fib(i));

i++;

int Fib(int n)

if (n == 0)

return 0;

else if (n == 1)

return 1;

else

return (Fib(n-1) + Fib(n-2));

}

Program to read n items from keyboard and display n elements on the monitor

int main()

int i, a[100],n;

printf(“Enter the size of an array “);

scanf(“%d”, &n); // read array size

printf(“Enter %d elements\n”, n);

for(i=0;i<n; i++)

scanf(“%d”, &a[i] ); // to read array elements

printf(“Array elements are \n”);

for(i=0;i<n; i++)

printf(“%d”, a[i]); // to print array elements

Write a c-program to find sum of N-array elements

include<stdio.h>

main()

int a[100],i,n,sum=0;

printf("Enter array size\n");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("Enter %d elements of array\n",n);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

scanf("%d",&a[i]);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

sum=sum+a[i];

}
printf("sum of %d array elements is=%d",n,sum);

Write a C program to generate and print first – N Fibonacci series using array

include<stdio.h>

main()

int n, i, fib[100];

printf("\n enter n value\n");

scanf("%d", &n);

fib[0]=0;

fib[1]=1;

for(i=2; i<n ;i++)

fib[i]=fib[i-1]+fib[i-2];

printf("First %d Fibnonacci numbers are\n",n);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

printf("%d\n",fib[i]);

LINEAR SEARCH

include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a[100],n, i, key, found=0;

printf("Enter the number of elements\n");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("Enter the %d elements of array\n", n);

for(i=0;i<n; i++)

scanf("%d", &a[i]);

printf("Enter the key to search\n");

scanf("%d", &key

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

if(key==a[i])

found=1;

break;

if(found==1)

printf("Item found in position %d\n",i+1);

else

printf("Item not found\n");

BINARY SEARCH

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

int i, n, a[10],mid, low, high, key, found=0;

printf("\n Enter the number of elements:\n");

 scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter the array element in the ascending order\n");

for(i=0;i<n; i++)

scanf("%d", &a[i]);

printf("\n Enter the key element to be searched\n");

scanf("%d", &key);

low=0;

high=n-1;

while(low<=high)

mid=(low +high )/2;

if(key==a[mid])

found=1;

break;

else if(key>a[mid])

low=mid+1;

else

high=mid-1;

if(found ==1)

printf(“Item found in position : %d”,mid+1);

else

printf("\n Item not found\n");

}
BUBBLESORT

include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a[100],n, i, j, temp;

printf("Enter the number of elements\n");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("Enter the %d elements of array\n", n);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

scanf("%d",&a[i]);

printf("The Input array is\n");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

printf("%d\t",a[i]);

for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)

for(j=0;j<n-i-1;j++)

if(a[j]>a[j+1])

temp=a[j];

a[j]=a[j+1];

a[j+1]=temp;
 }

printf("\nThe sorted array is\n");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

printf("%d\t",a[i]);

SELECTION SORT

#inclde<stdio.h>

#include<math.h>

int main()

int i,n,j,temp,a[100],pos;

printf("Enter the number of elements \n");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("Enter the elements of array \n");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

scanf("%d",&a[i]);

for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)

pos=i;

for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)

if(a[j]<a[pos])

pos=j;
 }

temp=a[pos];

a[pos]=a[i];

a[i]=temp;

printf("\n\nThe sorted array is \n");

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

printf("%d\n ",a[i]);

C program to read and write 2-d array

include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a[10][10],m,n,i,j;

printf("Enter the size of matrix:\n");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);

printf("Enter the elements to matrix A\n");

for(i=0 ;i<=m-1; i++)

for(j=0 ;j<=n-1; j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a[10][10],m,n,i,j;
 printf("Enter the size of matrix:\n");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);

printf("Enter the elements to matrix A\n");

for(i=0 ;i<=m-1; i++)

for(j=0 ;j<=n-1; j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

2D ARRAY

Write a c-program to find sum of elements of a given matrix

#include<stdio.h>

main()

int a[10][10],i,j,m,n,sum=0;

printf("Enter The row & column size\n");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);

printf("Enter the Elements to matrix\n",);

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[ i ][ j ]);

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

sum=sum+a[i][j];

printf("Sum=%d",sum);

Write a c-program to find trace of a given square matrix.

We know that the trace of a matrix is defined as the sum of the leading diagonal elements.

Note : Trace is possible only for a square matrix.

include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a[10][10],i,j,m,n,trace=0;

printf("Enter the size for square matrix\n");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);

printf("Enter the Elements to matrix \n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[ i ][ j ]);

printf("Matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);

printf("\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

trace=trace+a[i][i];

printf("trace=%d",trace);

Write a c-program to find transpose of a given matrix

#include<stdio.h>
int main()

int a[10][10],t[10][10],i,j,m,n;

printf("Enter the size for square matrix\n");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);

printf("Enter the Elements to matrix \n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[ i ][ j ]);

printf("Matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);

printf("\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

t[j][i]=a[i][j];

printf("\nTranspose matrix is \n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

printf("%d\t",t[i][j]);

printf("\n");
}

Write c –program to read elements of matrix of size m×n and to compute

1. Sum of the elements of the row

2. Sum of the elements of the column

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a[10][10],i,j,m,n,rsum[10],csum[10],sum;

printf("Enter The row & column size\n");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);

printf("Enter the Elements\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[ i ][ j ]);

// calculate row sum

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

sum=0;

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

sum=sum+a[i][j];

rsum[i]=sum;

// calculate column sum

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

{
 sum=0;

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

sum=sum+a[i][j];

csum[j]=sum;

. Write a C program to read two matrices a (m x n) and b (p x q) and compute the product
of a and b after checking compatibility for multiplication. Output the input matrices and
the resultant matrix with suitable headings and format.

include<stdio.h>

int main()

int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10],i,j,k,m,n,p,q;

printf("enter the size of matrixA");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);

printf("enter the size of matrixB");

scanf("%d%d",&p,&q);

// checking compatibility for multiplication

if(n!=p)

printf("matrix multiplication is not possible");

else

// to read elements of -a matrix

printf("enter elements of matrix A\n“);

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

// to read elelments of b matrix

printf("enter elements of matrix B\n“);

for(i=0;i<p;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++)

scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);

// to compute multiplication of a & b

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++).

c[ i ][ j ]=0;

for(k=0;k<n; k++)

c[ i][ j ]=c[ i ][ j ]+a[ i ][k]*b[k][ j ];

printf(‘A-matrix is\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);

printf("\n");

printf("B- matrix is \n");

for(i=0;i<p;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++)
 {

printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);

printf("\n");

printf("The resultant matrix C is \n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++)

printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);

printf("\n");

strlen (str): string length

Example:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void main ( )
{
char s[ ] = “LAKSHMANA”;
printf (“length = %d”, strlen (s));
}
Output:
length = 9.

include <stdio.h>
int my_strlen (char s[ ])
{
int i = 0;
while (s[i]! = ‘\0’)
i++;
return i;
}
User defined function
int main()
{
char s[25]; int i;
printf (“Enter the string \n”);
gets(s);
i = my_strlen (s);
printf (“length = %d”, i);
}

strcpy (dest,src) - String Copy

strcpy (char dest[ ], char src[ ]);
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main ( )
{
char src[ ] = “DSATM”;
char dest[10];
strcpy (dest, src);
printf (“Destination = %s”, dest);
}

User defined function

#include <stdio.h>
void my_strcpy (char dest[ ], char src[ ])
{
int i = 0;
while (src [i] != ‘\0’)
{
dest[i] = src[i];
i++;
}
dest[i] = ‘\0’;
}
void main ( )
{
char src[25], dest[25];
printf (“Enter string \n”);
scanf (“%s”, src); OR gets (src);
my_strcpy (dest,src);
 printf (“Dest=%s”, dest);
}

strcat (str1, str2) - append string str2 to str1.

include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char s1[30],s2[15];
printf(“\n Enter first string:”);
gets(s1);
printf(“\n Enter second string:”);
gets(s2);
if(sizeof(s1)>strlen(s1)+srtlen(s2))
{
strcat(string1,string2);
printf(“\n Concatenated string=%s”,string1);
}
else
printf(“Concatenation not possible\n)
}

User defined function

void concatenate(char s1[], char s2[])
{
 int i, j;
i = 0;
while (s1[i] != '\0')
{
i++;
}
j = 0;
while (s2[j] != '\0')
{
s1[i] = s2[j];
j++;
i++;
}
s1[i] = '\0';
}
int main()
{
char s1[30],s2[15];
printf(“\n Enter first string:”);
gets(s1);
printf(“\n Enter second string:”);
gets(s2);
if(sizeof(s1)>strlen(s1)+srtlen(s2))
{
concatenate(string1,string2);
 printf(“\n Concatenated string=%s”,string1);
}
else
printf(“Concatenation not possible\n)
}

strcmp() compare two strings str1 & str2.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{ char str1[] = "abcd", str2[] = "abCd", str3[] = "abcd";
int result1,result2;
// comparing strings str1 and str2
result1 = strcmp(str1, str2);
printf("strcmp(str1, str2) = %d\n", result1);

// comparing strings str1 and str3

result2 = strcmp(str1, str3);
printf("strcmp(str1, str3) = %d\n", result2);
}
• Output
strcmp(str1, str2) = 32
strcmp(str1, str3) = 0
Write a C program to print array of strings:
include <stdio.h>
int main()
{

int i;
char city[5][10] = { "DELHI",
"CHENNAI",
"BANGALORE",
"HYDERABAD",
"MUMBAI" };

printf("strings are:\n");
for(i=0;i<=5;i++)
{
printf("%s\n", city[i]);
}
}

Write a C program that reads a sentence and prints the frequency of each of
the vowels and total count of consonants
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
char str[80];
int i, vowels = 0, consonants = 0;
 printf("Enter a str \n");
gets(str);
for (i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if(isalpha(str[i]))
{
ch=tolower(str[i])
if (ch == 'a' || ch== 'e' || ch== 'i' || ch== 'o' || ch== 'u')
{
vowels = vowels + 1;
}
else
{
consonants = consonants + 1;
}
}

printf("No. of vowels = %d\n", vowels);

printf("No. of consonants= %d\n", consonants);
}

To print frequency of each vowel and total count of consonants in a sentence

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char s[100];
int j, ac=0, ec=0, ic=0, oc=0, uc=0, cc=0;
printf("Enter a sentence\n");
gets(s);
for(j=0;s[j]!='\0';j++)
{
if(isalpha(s[j]))
{
if(s[j]=='A'||s[j]=='a')
ac++;
else if(s[j]=='E'||s[j]=='e’)
ec++;
else if(s[j]=='I'||s[j]=='i’)
ic++;
else if(s[j]=='O'||s[j]=='o’)
oc++;
else if(s[j]=='U'||s[j]=='u’)
uc++;
else if(s[j]!=' ‘)
cc++;
}
}
printf("\nIn the sentence \"%s\" :",s);
printf("\nThe frequency vowel of A/a is %d",ac);
printf("\nThe frequency vowel of E/e is %d",ec);
printf("\nThe frequency vowel of I/i is %d",ic);
printf("\nThe frequency vowel of O/o is %d",oc);
printf("\nThe frequency vowel of U/u is %d",uc);
printf("\nThe total count of all consonents is %d",cc);

Example for array within structure

struct Student
{
int Roll;
char Name[25];
int Marks[3]; //Statement 1 : array of marks
int Total;
float Avg;
};

void main()
{
int i;
struct Student S;

printf("\n\nEnter Student Roll : ");

scanf("%d",&S.Roll);
 printf("\n\nEnter Student Name : ");
scanf("%s",&S.Name);

S.Total = 0;

for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
printf("\n\nEnter Marks %d : ",i+1);
scanf("%d",&S.Marks[i]);

S.Total = S.Total + S.Marks[i];

}

S.Avg = S.Total / 3;

printf("\nRoll : %d",S.Roll);
printf("\nName : %s",S.Name);
printf("\nTotal : %d",S.Total);
printf("\nAverage : %f",S.Avg);
}
Write a C program to add two numbers using pointers
include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 int a, b, sum;
int *p,*q;
printf(“Enter the value of a & b\n”);
scanf(“%d%d”,&a,&b);
p=&a;
q=&b;
sum=*p+*q;
printf(“Sum=%d\n”, sum);
}

ARRAY & POINTERS

#include<stdio.h>
Int main()
{
int []={5,10,15,20}; array
int *p,*q; 5 10 15 20
p=a[0];
q=a[3];
while(p<=q)
{
printf(“%d\t”,p);
p++;
}
}
Output:
5 10 15 20

Develop a program using pointers to compute the sum, mean and standard
deviation of all elements stored in an array of n real numbers.

Mean= Sum of all elements / no of elements

standard deviation

int main()
{
float a[10],*ptr, mean, std, sum=0,sumstd=0;
int n,i;
printf("Enter the number of elements\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter array elements\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%f",&a[i]);
}
ptr=a;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
sum=sum+*ptr;
ptr++;
}
mean=sum/n;
ptr=a;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
sumstd = sumstd + pow((*ptr-mean),2);
ptr++;
}
std=sqrt(sumstd/n);
printf("Sum=%.3f\t",sum);
printf("Mean=%.3f\t",mean);
printf("Standard Deviation =%.3f\t",std)
}
OUTPUT:
.....................................................................
Enter the number of elements
5
Enter array elements
1
2
3
4
5
Sum=15.000
Mean=3.000
Standard Deviation =1.414

UNION
include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
union Example
{
int i;
float f;
char str;
};
int main( )
{
union Example e1;
e1.i = 10;
printf( "e1.i : %d\n", e1.i);
e1.f = 220.5;
printf( "e1.f : %f\n", e1.f);
e1.str='a';
printf( "e1.str : %c\n", e1.str);
}