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Sop of TX

This document outlines the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the operation and maintenance of oil type transformers, detailing objectives, scope, and various operational checks. It includes daily, quarterly, and yearly maintenance tasks, commissioning procedures, and pre-energizing checks to ensure safe and efficient transformer operation. Additionally, it addresses common transformer faults and protection equipment necessary for safeguarding transformer functionality.

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SUNDAR T
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31 views4 pages

Sop of TX

This document outlines the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the operation and maintenance of oil type transformers, detailing objectives, scope, and various operational checks. It includes daily, quarterly, and yearly maintenance tasks, commissioning procedures, and pre-energizing checks to ensure safe and efficient transformer operation. Additionally, it addresses common transformer faults and protection equipment necessary for safeguarding transformer functionality.

Uploaded by

SUNDAR T
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TRANSFORMER - SOP

Description: TRANSFORMER Location: Sharma


Equipment Tag: Transformer
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
Model No:

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE:-

1. OBJECTIVE:

To lay down the procedure for operation and maintenance of transformers.

2. scope
This SOP shall be applicable for oil type transformers.

3. Parts of the Transformer:

ESOM –Operation Template


Approved: Project Director Revision: 00
Doc. Owner: Operation TX Doc. ESOM-FMS/TX Page 1 of 4
TRANSFORMER - SOP

4. Daily operational check of the Transformer:


1. H.T. Voltage and current reading.
2. L.T. Voltage and current reading.
3. WTI current and maximum reading
4. OTI current and maximum reading
5. Oil level in conservator tank
6. Oil level in OLTC tank
7. Tap position
8. Tap changer counter reading
9. Tap changer motor MPCB and limit switch status.
10. PRV status.
11. Buchholz relay status.
12. Condition of silica gel in breathers.
13. Cleanliness of transformer and accessories.
14. Visual leakage / seepage of oil.
15. Humming/any abnormal sound of transformer and accessories.

5. Quarterly check of the Transformer

1) Cleaning of Transformer
2) Note down of Maximum temp of HV LV Winding. & LV Winding.
3) Checking of OLTC mechanism Step by step
4) Tightening of HV & LV connection
5) Checking of gas collection in Buchholz relay, cleaning of glass cover
6) Operation of tap changer from local and remote.
7) Condition check/replacement of silica gel.
8) Alarm/Tripping signal checking of OTI, WTI, Buchholz and PRV signal at panel.

6. Yearly check of the Transformer

1. Cleaning of Transformer
2. Oil leakages checks for all joint
3. Note down of Maximum temp of HV LV Winding. & LV Winding.
4. Checking of OLTC mechanism Step by step
5. Tightening of HV & LV connection
6. Checking of gas collection in Buchholz relay, cleaning of glass cover
7. Operation of tap changer from local and remote.
8. Condition check/replacement of silica gel.
9. Alarm/Tripping signal checking of OTI, WTI, Buchholz and PRV signal at panel
10. Oil dehydration
11. BDV of main Oil and OLTC oil
12. PPM of oil.
13. Ratio test in every tap
14. Magnetizing current test.
15. Magnetic balance
16. Winding resistance
17. Insulation resistance.
18. Other inter lock if any.

ESOM –Operation Template


Approved: Project Director Revision: 00
Doc. Owner: Operation TX Doc. ESOM-FMS/TX Page 2 of 4
TRANSFORMER - SOP

7. Commissioning Procedure for a Transformer :


1. Check oil leakage from bushings, valves, air release plugs, etc.
2. Direction of mounting of Buchholz relay, as per arrow on the relay; the arrow
should point towards the conservator
3. Oil level in condenser bushings
4. Oil level of Main Tank and OLTC Tank should be up to the filling mark on MOG
(Minimum Oil Level Gauge)
5. Transformer is earthed at two points
6. Stoppers provided for locking of wheels
7. Test taps on HV condenser bushings are fixed Valves on each radiator, both top
and bottom, should be open.
8. Valves on either side of Buchholz relay should be open
10. Tightness of conductors / cables on Trafo. HV side, LV side and Neutral.
11. Check resistance and IR value of NGR, if provided
12. Check that oil is filled in OTI and WTI pockets.
13. Check that colour of silica gel in breathers of main conservator and OLTC
conservator is blue.
14. Oil in breather cups to be filled up to level indicated

8. Prior to Energizing the Transformer :


1. Cleaning of the transformer, especially the bushings. Ensure that all protections are
operative. Buchholz relay maybe tested by using the test screw, or by pumping in air with
a bicycle pump, or by draining oil from the relay after closing both side valves.

2. Air release from the transformer is to be done from air release plugs on the main tank,
radiators, HV &LV bushings, Buchholz relay and OLTC prior to charging of transformer.
Do not release air from the Condenser bushings as they are hermetically sealed.

3. Check operation of OTI/WTI, ensure oil in the temperature probe pots.

4. Check that all interconnecting valves are in open position.

5. Check IR values between each winding an earth, and between windings. Neutral
earthing is to be disconnected for this purpose.

6. Check that HV and LV neutral earthing has been re–connected after megger test.

7. Earthing and delta shorting of tertiary stabilizing winding (if provided), to be checked.

8. Proper setting of OTI & WTI to be done.

9. Perform trip test from all the transformer protections, including Buchholz relay, PRD, Oil
surge relay, OTI and WTI.

10. All protection relays to be properly set.

11. Reset the Maximum Reading Pointer (MRP) of OTI & WTI.

12. Ammeter selector switches should be selected to read some phase current.

13. All MCBs, fuses and switches in Marshalling boxes, CRPs, isolator cubicles and breaker
cubicles should be in circuit.

ESOM –Operation Template


Approved: Project Director Revision: 00
Doc. Owner: Operation TX Doc. ESOM-FMS/TX Page 3 of 4
TRANSFORMER - SOP

14. If the transformer is provided with an OLTC, energise it at Tap #1; if the transformer is
provided with an off-circuit tap changer, energise it at the nominal tap.

9. After Energizing the Transformer


1. Check for any abnormal sound or vibration in the transformer.

2. Keep the transformer energised on no-load for some hours; take readings of
OTI, WTI and current. (First time energise- 24 Hours, Remaining – 1 hour)

10. NATURE OF TRANSFORMER FAULTS


A transformer generally suffers from following types of transformer fault-Over
current due to overloads and external short circuits,

Terminal faults,
Winding faults,

11. TRANSFORMER PROTECTION


Some Typical protection equipment’s are enlisted below

1. Buchholz relay (0.5 MVA and above Transformers)


2. PRV
3. OTI
4. WTI
5. MOG
6. O/V current and E/F relay
7. Differential protection relay (rated above 5 MVA).

ESOM –Operation Template


Approved: Project Director Revision: 00
Doc. Owner: Operation TX Doc. ESOM-FMS/TX Page 4 of 4

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